MILLER YACHT SALES, INC., APPELLANT,
v.
A. L. LEE, APPELLEE

Fla. 4th DCA | 1979-03-07
No. 76-1194
BERANEK, J., concurs., CROSS, J., dissents without opinion.
368 So. 2d 916 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (1979) Positive Treatment
Cited by 4 cases

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Synopsis

Miller Yacht Sales appealed a jury verdict awarding damages to yacht purchaser A.L. Lee for delayed delivery and poor construction. The court affirmed, rejecting the seller's argument that a purchase agreement should have been excluded as an inadmissible settlement offer.


Holding

The court held that the purchase agreement was not a settlement offer and was properly admitted into evidence. The agreement was not an offer of settlement because at the time it was prepared, no dispute existed between the parties and no litigation was contemplated.


Headnotes

[1] A document is not an offer of settlement if it is prepared before any dispute or litigation is contemplated between the parties.

[2] A party may waive the right to object to the admissibility of evidence by initially introducing the subject matter of that evidence.

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Key Quotes

“It has long been the law of this state that an offer to settle or compromise a claim or dispute between parties is not admissible as an admission against the party making the offer as to the amount of liability.”

Establishes the general rule excluding settlement offers from evidence

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Facts & Procedural History

Lee ordered a $270,000 yacht from Miller Yacht Sales to serve as a clubhouse for a planned yacht club, with original delivery set for October 1973. Co…

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Opinion of the Court
MOORE, Judge.

MOORE, Judge.

In this plenary appeal Defendant seeks reversal of a final judgment for damages in favor of the Plaintiff entered subsequent to a jury trial. We affirm.

Planning to form a yacht club for which a yacht would serve as the clubhouse Plaintiff ordered the yacht from the Defendant. It was to be constructed in accordance with Plaintiff’s specifications and bear a purchase price of $270,000. A deposit on the purchase price was given. Originally, the yacht was to be delivered in October 1973; however, construction was delayed for various reasons and the parties agreed to late delivery. In so doing, the Defendant prepared a “purchase agreement” in October 1974 which reflected the terms of purchase and which the Defendant now alleges to be an “offer of settlement.” This document was never signed by the parties and now forms the sole issue on appeal worthy of consideration.

Shortly after delivery of the yacht an electrical fire damaged it, whereupon the Plaintiff returned it to the selling Defendant. In December 1974, the Plaintiff commenced this action for damages based upon the delay in delivery and poor construction. The complaint sought to recover the deposit, expenses incurred in furnishing the yacht and incidental expenses incurred in entertaining prospective yacht club members. The jury returned a verdict in favor of Plaintiff in the amount of $57,743.36.

Defendant contends that the trial court erred by admitting into evidence the October 1974 “Purchase Agreement” because embodied therein was a settlement offer. We disagree. Examination of the agreement reveals explicit acknowledgement of the receipt of the $18,500 deposit and the expenditure by the Plaintiff of $18,600 for furnishings and decorations for the yacht. Under its terms the agreement also allowed the Plaintiff to dock the yacht at his residence for one month prior to final closing for the purpose of inducing prospective members to join the yacht club. That portion of the agreement which Defendant contends is an “offer of settlement” merely states that if the purchaser, for any reason, fails to make payment, the deposit (less $2,400 for one month’s use of the vessel) and the $18,600 expended for furnishings would be returned to the purchaser and both parties would be relieved from further obligation. The Plaintiff sought to admit this document to prove the receipt of the deposit and the acknowledgement by the Defendant of the $18,600 expenditure.

The relevant legal principles pertaining to settlement offers have been clearly stated in numerous cases: “It has long been the law of this state that an offer to settle or compromise a claim or dispute between parties is not admissible as an admission against the party making the offer as to the amount of liability.” Hill v. City of Daytona Beach, 288 So. 2d 306, 308 (Fla. 1st DCA 1974).

First, we find that Defendant waived its right to object to the admissibility of the “purchase agreement” because defense counsel initially broached the subject of the agreement through examination of his own witness. More cogently, however, we determine that this agreement was not an offer of settlement. An offer of settlement presupposes that a dispute exists between the parties. At the time the purchase agreement was prepared there was no dispute and no litigation contemplated. The parties still expected the sale to be completed and the Defendant was not attempting to settle a legal claim which the Plaintiff had asserted. The public policy of encouraging settlements by rendering settlement offers inadmissible therefore is not involved and not contravened in the instant case. See, Mutual Benefit Health & Accident Association v. Bunting, 133 Fla. 646, 183 So. 321 (Fla.1938). See also, Frank v. Ruwitch, 318 So. 2d 188 (Fla. 3d DCA 1975).

The defendant having failed to demonstrate error the final judgment should be affirmed.

AFFIRMED.

BERANEK, J., concurs.

CROSS, J., dissents without opinion.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Carrigan & Boland, Inc. v. Worrock, 402 So. 2d 514 (Fla. 5th DCA 1981)
    …ntroversy or dispute in this regard, and therefore was not an inadmissible offer of settlement as held by the trial court. Frank v. Ruwitch, 318 So. 2d 188 (Fla. 3d DCA 1975), cert. denied, 330 So. 2d 775 (Fla.1976); Miller Yacht Sales, Inc. v. Lee, 368 So. 2d 916 (Fla.4th DCA), cert. denied, 378 So. 2d 347 (Fla.1979). This point is rendered moot by reason of our disposition of the first point on appeal. In regard to the second point raised on appeal, we have no difficulty in affirming the judgment of the tr…
  • H.R.J. Bar-B-Q, Inc. v. Shapiro, 463 So. 2d 403 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985)
    …Florida Statutes (1983)1 because there was then, within the meaning of the statute, no existing “claim which was disputed as to validity or amount.” Allstate Ins. Co. v. Winnemore, 413 F. 2d 858, 863 (5th Cir. 1969); Miller Yacht Sales, Inc. v. Lee, 368 So. 2d 916 (Fla. 4th DCA 1979), cert. denied, 378 So. 2d 347 (Fla.1979); Frank v. Ru-witch, 318 So. 2d 188 (Fla. 3d DCA 1975), cert. denied, 330 So. 2d 725 (Fla.1976); McCormick on Evidence § 274 nn. 76-77 (2d ed. 1972); 4 Wigmore, Evidence § 1061 n. 1 (Chadbo…

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