IN RE FLORIDA EVIDENCE CODE

Fla. | 1979-11-08
No. 57115
ENGLAND, C. J., and ADKINS, BOYD, OVERTON, SUNDBERG and ALDERMAN, JJ., concur.
376 So. 2d 1161 Florida Supreme Court (1979) Caution
Cited by 44 cases

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Synopsis

The Florida Supreme Court clarifies its prior adoption of the Florida Evidence Code, addressing concerns raised by the Florida Bar and Florida Academy of Trial Lawyers regarding the effective date and applicability of the Code. The Court affirms the July 1, 1979 effective date while acknowledging problems with the civil action accrual provision and recommending legislative amendment.


Holding

The Court clarifies that the Florida Evidence Code applies to: (1) criminal proceedings related to crimes committed on or after July 1, 1979; (2) civil actions accruing after July 1, 1979; and (3) other proceedings brought after July 1, 1979. While recognizing the merit of the Bar's recommendation to amend the applicability provision for all pending proceedings, the Court determines it lacks authority to change the applicability provision without first finding the entire Code to be procedural.


Headnotes

[1] The Florida Evidence Code applies to criminal proceedings related to crimes committed on or after July 1, 1979.

[2] The Florida Evidence Code applies to civil actions accruing after July 1, 1979.

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Key Quotes

“This act shall apply to civil actions accruing after the effective date of this code, to criminal proceedings related to crimes committed after the effective date of this code, and to other proceedings brought after the effective date of this code.”

Establishes the statutory effective date and applicability standard for the Evidence Code

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Facts & Procedural History

On June 28, 1979, the Florida Supreme Court adopted the Florida Evidence Code. Subsequently, the Florida Bar and Florida Academy of Trial Lawyers file…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

In accordance with our opinion rendered on June 28, 1979, concerning the Florida Evidence Code, The Florida Bar and the Florida Academy of Trial Lawyers have filed suggestions regarding the Code. The Florida Bar Board of Governors, after receiving reports from the Judicial Administration Selection and Tenure Committee, has advised the Court that “the Florida Evidence Code on the whole is a good work product and . . . there were no specific recommendations as to suggested changes in, or objections, to specific rules.” It is the position of the Bar “that objections to individual rules, based on content can best be handled on a case-by-case basis.”

However, the Bar has suggested there may be uncertainty concerning the date of applicability of the new code. We affirmatively state that our opinion of June 28, 1979, adopted section 90.103, Florida Statutes, in its entirety. By our prior opinion this Court had no intention to change the effective date and applicability provision contained in section 90.103.

The Code, as adopted by the legislature, contains section.90.103(2) pertaining to the commencement of its application, which provides:

This act shall apply to civil actions accruing after the effective date of this code, to criminal proceedings related to crimes committed after the effective date of this code, and to other proceedings brought after the effective date of this code.

Chapter 78-361, Laws of Florida (1978), provides that the act take effect July 1, 1979.

We read this provision to mean that the Evidence Code, including the procedural portion adopted by this Court, shall apply to (1) criminal proceedings related to crimes committed on or after July 1, 1979; (2) civil actions accruing after July 1, 1979; and (3) other proceedings brought after July 1, 1979.

The Bar also advocates a change in the applicability of the Code in regard to civil actions. It is recommended that, to avoid potential confusion, the Code should be amended to apply to all civil proceedings pending on or brought after July 1, 1979, rather than to civil actions accruing after July 1,1979. The Florida Academy of Trial Lawyers endorses the position of the Florida Bar. We recognize the merit of the Bar’s position. The provision making the Code applicable to civil actions accruing after July 1, 1979, will cause application difficulties in some instances. For example, in a products liability action against both the retailer and the manufacturer, this provision could hold the Code applicable to the retailer of the product but not to the manufacturer. We agree that in order to avoid this type of problem, which can cause unnecessary legal disputes and resulting costs and delay to litigants, a concerted effort should be made to have the Code amended to be applicable to all pending proceedings for which the trial has not commenced on the effective date. Unfortunately, we have no authority to change the applicability provision without first finding the entire Code to be procedural. We adopt the Bar recommendation that the legislature act promptly to amend the applicability provision. Should the legislature undertake such action, this Court will act expeditiously concerning the procedural segments of the Code.

For the reasons expressed, our order in this cause rendered on June 28, 1979, is clarified.

It is so ordered.

ENGLAND, C. J., and ADKINS, BOYD, OVERTON, SUNDBERG and ALDERMAN, JJ., concur.


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Citator

Cited By (22 total)

  • Rodriguez v. State, 609 So. 2d 493 (Fla. 1992)
    …sible under the procedural rule. Moreover, procedural rules, such as rule 3.190(j), that act as rules of evidence were superseded to the extent they are in conflict with the Evidence Code. In re Fla. Evidence Code, 372 So. 2d 1369 (Fla.), clarified, 376 So. 2d 1161 (Fla.1979). This Court's pre-evidence code holding in State v. James, 402 So. 2d 1169 (Fla.1981), does not mandate a contrary conclusion. James dealt exclusively with admission of discovery depositions under Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.220…
  • Deparvine v. State, 995 So. 2d 351 (Fla. 2008)
    …s convictions and sentences are affirmed. .For this Court’s most recent discussion of the excited utterance exception, see Hudson v. State, 992 So. 2d 96 (Fla.2008). . Marsh v. Valyou, 977 So. 2d 543, 556 (Fla. 2007); In re. Florida Evidence Code, 376 So. 2d 1161, 1162 (Fla. 1979). . Courts have used the term res gestae in various ways to describe: (a) part of a relevant transaction the offered evidence of which has no hearsay aspect, (b) declarations of presently existing subjective symptoms offered in ev…
  • In re Florida Evidence Code, 638 So. 2d 920 (Fla. 1993)
    …is both substantive and procedural. We previously adopted provisions of the Evidence Code as court rules insofar as they deal with procedural matters. In re Florida Evidence Code, 372 So. 2d 1369 (Fla.1979), clarified by In re Florida Evidence Code, 376 So. 2d 1161 (Fla.1979). We also have adopted amendments to the Evidence Code as court rules to the extent that they are procedural. In re Amendment of Florida Evidence Code, 497 So. 2d 239 (Fla.1986); In re Amendment of Florida Evidence Code, 404 So. 2d 743 (Fl…

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