MARGARET A. LEWIS, JAMES T. MORIARTY, KATE T. MORIARTY, AND SARAH J. JOHNSON, APPELLANTS,
v.
PURIE HOWANITZ, GERALD HERNANDEZ, JR., RICHARD KERR, DON SCHLOESSER AND JEROME V. SHIPLEY, AS AND CONSTITUTING THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF MONROE COUNTY, FLORIDA; MIKE'S LOUNGE AND PACKAGE STORE, INC., A FLORIDA CORPORATION; AND MIKE MCCUNE, INDIVIDUALLY, AND D/B/A MIKE'S LOUNGE AND PACKAGE, INC., A FLORIDA CORPORATION, APPELLEES
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Appellants challenged a Monroe County zoning decision granting a bar license in a residential area. The trial court dismissed their complaint as untimely, but the appellate court reversed, holding that the plaintiffs' petition for rehearing preserved their right to judicial review and that the 30-day filing deadline began when the commission formally denied their petition, not when the resolution was adopted.
The court held that (1) a prematurely filed petition for rehearing is effective to preserve the party's right to judicial review of a subsequently entered order, analogous to the rule for premature notices of appeal; and (2) the 30-day filing deadline begins only when the aggrieved party's statutorily required petition for modification or rescission is refused, not when the resolution is initially adopted. Therefore, the complaint filed October 5, 1978, was timely as it was filed within 30 days of the September 5 denial of the rehearing petition.
[1] A trial court abuses its discretion by refusing to permit the filing of a proposed first amended complaint.
[2] A prematurely filed notice of appeal is effective to preserve a party's rights to review of a subsequently entered order.
Previewing 2 of 5 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“a refusal to permit the filing of a proposed first amended complaint would, without more, constitute an abuse of discretion”
Establishes the legal standard that trial courts must allow amendments absent a compelling reason, and the trial court's denial could only be sustained if the amended complaint showed on its face that it could not be maintained.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceOn July 25, 1978, the Monroe County Commission voted 3-2 to reverse a zoning board decision and grant a zoning change for Mike's Lounge. The formal re…
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SCHWARTZ, Judge.
The appellants were the plaintiffs below in an action seeking review of a Monroe County Commission resolution which granted a change of zoning to permit Mike’s Lounge and Package Store, Inc., one of the defendants-appellees, to open a bar in a formerly residential area. Their initial complaint was dismissed with prejudice by. the lower court on the apparent ground that its allegations indicated that the action had been filed beyond the time permitted, and without following the procedural requirements imposed by the special act, Chapter 65-1910, Laws of Florida (1965), which governs the judicial review of Monroe County zoning decisions. The plaintiffs then moved for rehearing and for leave to amend the complaint, so as to allege facts which, they contended, showed that the action had indeed been timely and appropriately filed. These allegations were supported by attached copies of the documents, including excerpts of the minutes of various meetings, which reflected the pertinent proceedings before the commission. The trial judge denied the plaintiffs’ motions and they have taken this appeal from the final judgment entered against them.
Since we agree with the appellants that a refusal to permit the filing of a proposed first amended complaint would, without more, constitute an abuse of discretion, Fla.R.Civ.P. 1.190(e), Avenada, Inc. v. City National Bank of Lauderhill, 375 So. 2d 883 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979), the trial court’s denial of the motions for rehearing and to amend may be sustained only if the tendered amended complaint showed on its face that the action could not be maintained under Chapter 65-1910. See Matson v. Tip Top Grocery Co., 151 Fla. 247, 9 So. 2d 366 (1942); Wolfson v. Moye, 214 So. 2d 629 (Fla. 3d DCA 1968). We find that the direct contrary is true and therefore reverse the judgment below.
Chapter 65-1910 provides:
Section 1. That Section 10 of Chapter 61-2503, Laws of Florida, Acts of the Legislature Year 1961 be, and the same is hereby amended to read as follows:
Section 10. APPLICATIONS TO COURT FOR RELIEF — Any person or persons, jointly or severally, who may be aggrieved by any regulation, restriction or resolution adopted by the Board of County Commissioners pursuant to this Act, or any taxpayer of the county, may within ten (10) days after the adoption of said regulation, restriction or resolution apply to such Board for a modification or rescission thereof. If such modification or rescission should be refused, any such person or persons may, within thirty (30) days after such refusal, but not thereafter, apply to the Circuit Court of the county for relief. .
There shall be no right to apply to the Court for relief on account of any order, requirement, decision, determination or action of any administrative official unless there shall first have been an appeal therefrom to the Board of Adjustment and a review of its decision or action taken thereon by the Board of County Commissioners, or on account of any decision or action of the Board of Adjustment or the Zoning Board, unless there shall first have been a review thereof by the Board of County Commissioners, all as provided for in this Act. It is the intention of the Legislature that all steps as provided in this Act with regard to appeal and review shall be taken before any application may be made to the Court for relief from matters or things appealable and reviewable hereunder, and that relief through the Courts shall be had only from decisions, regulations, restrictions and resolutions made by the Board of County Commissioners.
The attachments to the proposed amendment showed the following chronology of events:
July 25, 1978. The county commission, by a 3-2 majority, voted to reverse a decision of the zoning board and to grant the change of zoning to Mike’s Lounge which is the subject of this proceeding.
August 1, 1978. The county commission voted to postpone, until a later date, the adoption of a formal resolution reflecting the July 25 decision.
August 3, 1978. The present plaintiffs, who were protesting neighbors of the Mike’s Lounge property, filed a petition for a rehearing of the zoning change with the commission.
August 15, 1978. Totally without reference to the existence of the petition for rehearing, and without notice to the plaintiffs-protestors, a commission member who had been in the minority moved to reconsider and rescind the July 25 determination. The motion failed, 3-2, and the commission thereupon adopted a resolution which incorporated its prior decision to grant the rezoning.
September 5, 1978. The commission specifically passed upon and denied the plaintiffs’ petition for rehearing. Their attorney was so notified the next day. October 5, 1978. The plaintiffs filed the original complaint in the Monroe County Circuit Court.
The appellees claim that, on these facts, the action is barred by two separate failures to comply with Chapter 65-1910. We find that neither contention has merit.
(1) It is first argued that the required petition for rehearing or, as the statute says, for “modification or rescission,” filed by the plaintiffs was a nullity since it was filed before the adoption of the formal resolution on August 15, 1978. The law of Florida is clear, to the contrary of this contention, that a prematurely filed notice of appeal is effective to preserve the party’s rights to review of a subsequently entered order. See Altman v. State, 328 So. 2d 14 (Fla.1976); Williams v. State, 324 So. 2d 74 (Fla.1975); Winn-Dixie Stores, Inc. v. Codorno, 372 So. 2d 952 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979). We see no reason why this doctrine should not be applied to the directly analogous issue presented by the case at bar. (2) The county and Mike’s also claim that the complaint was untimely since it was filed more than 30 days after August 15, when the minority member’s motion to rescind the prior action was defeated. Again, we disagree. When read, as required, so as to promote rather than restrict access to the courts, Lehmann v. Cloniger, 294 So. 2d 344, 347 (Fla. 1st DCA 1974), the statute provides that thé 30 day period begins only when the aggrieved parties’ application for modification or rescission, which is required by the statute, is “refused.” Since the plaintiffs’ petition for rehearing was not denied until September 5, the complaint, filed 30 days thereafter on October 5, was timely.
Because there was thus no basis for the denial of the motions for rehearing and for leave to file the amended complaint, the judgment under review is reversed and the cause remanded with directions to grant these motions and for further proceedings consistent herewith.
Reversed and remanded.
1. The contrary interpretation would render it possible, as in this very case, for the protestors’ right to review to be cut off entirely by a unilateral act of the commission taken without fair notice. Such a result is unacceptable.
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Townsend v. Ward, 429 So. 2d 404 (Fla. 1st DCA 1983)…eviously recognized, a trial court may abuse its discretion if it fails to give a plaintiff “at least one chance to amend his complaint.” Ayers v. Home Owners Ass’n of Killearn Estates, 360 So. 2d 1326 (Fla. 1st DCA 1978). Accord, Lewis v. Howanitz, 378 So. 2d 310 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979). Ward counters that as the case progresses, the liberality with which amendments are to be allowed diminishes. See, Alvarez v. DeAguirre, 395 So. 2d 213, 216 (Fla. 3d DCA 1981), and Brown v. Montgomery Ward & Co., 252 So. 2d 817,…
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Dingess v. Fla. Aircraft Sales & Leasing, Inc., 442 So. 2d 431 (Fla. 5th DCA 1983)…mplaint and a judgment on the pleadings. We find that the trial court abused its discretion by failing to grant the appellant at least one chance to [*432] amend his complaint. Townsend v. Ward, 429 So. 2d 404 (Fla. 1st DCA 1983); Lewis v. Howanitz, 378 So. 2d 310 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979); Ayers v. Home Owners Association of Killearn Estates, 360 So. 2d 1326 (Fla. 1st DCA 1978). Leave to amend shall be given freely when justice so requires and it should not be denied unless the privilege has been abused or the comp…
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Ball v. Pub. Health Tr. OF Dade Cnty., 491 So. 2d 608 (Fla. 3d DCA 1986)…984) (knowing recipient of mistaken payment liable for conversion and under civil theft statute). Since we find no basis for denying the appellants the right to amend the complaint for the first time so as to allege just that, see Lewis v. Howanitz, 378 So. 2d 310 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979), the cause is remanded for appropriate resolution of the familiar questions of what Jackson knew and when it knew it. Affirmed in part, reversed in part and remanded with directions. . Singletary seems to assume that the recipie…
Previewing 3 of 5 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Williams v. State, 324 So. 2d 74 (Fla. 1975)
- Matson v. TIP TOP Grocery Co., Inc., 151 Fla. 247 (Fla. 1942)
- In re Application of Marion E. Sibley to Resign from the Bar of the State of Fla., 151 Fla. 225 (Fla. 1942)
- Balzebre v. 2660 Douglas, Inc., 294 So. 2d 344 (Fla. 3d DCA 1974)
- Winn-Dixie Stores, Inc. v. Codomo, 372 So. 2d 952 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979)
- Wolfson v. Moye, 214 So. 2d 629 (Fla. 3d DCA 1968)
- Avenada, Inc. v. City Nat'l Bank OF Lauderhill, 375 So. 2d 883 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979)
- Harris v. State, 328 So. 2d 14 (Fla. 1976)
- Blair Contracting Co., Inc. v. Bevis, 328 So. 2d 14 (Fla. 1976)