ROBERT BASS, A/K/A CHARLES R. MCCONAHA, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 5th DCA | 1980-03-12
No. 78-2187/T4-240
ORFINGER and COBB, JJ., concur.
380 So. 2d 1181 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fifth District (1980) Caution
Cited by 30 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

Robert Bass was convicted of two counts of sexual battery and one count of kidnapping. The Florida appellate court affirmed, holding that the two sexual battery offenses constituted separate criminal transactions despite occurring in close temporal proximity, and that the kidnapping was a distinct offense not merely incidental to the sexual battery.


Holding

The court held that the two sexual battery offenses constituted separate criminal transactions despite minimal time separation because they were of different character and type—one committed while driving and one at the destination. The court also held that the kidnapping was not incidental to or inherent in the sexual battery and therefore constituted a separate chargeable offense.


Headnotes

[1] Separate sentences may be imposed for multiple offenses arising from a single criminal transaction or episode if the acts constitute violations of two or more distinct cr…

[2] A criminal transaction or episode is sufficiently separated in time and character to support separate convictions and sentences, even if the time interval between acts is…

Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Key Quotes

“Whoever, in the course of one criminal transaction or episode, commits an act or acts constituting a violation of two or more criminal statutes, upon conviction and adjudication of guilt, shall be sentenced separately for each criminal offense, excluding lesser included offenses, committed during said criminal episode, and the sentencing judge may order the sentences to be served concurrently or consecutively.”

Statement of the governing statute (775.021) on sentencing for multiple offenses in a single criminal transaction

Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Facts & Procedural History

The victim, a newspaper delivery driver, was stopped at a vending machine at approximately 4:45 a.m. when defendant forced her into his car at gunpoin…

The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.


Opinion of the Court
UPCHURCH, Judge.

UPCHURCH, Judge.

Defendant was convicted in the Circuit Court of Brevard County on two counts of sexual battery by coercing the victim with threats of more serious injury, and one count of kidnapping.

The first question which we shall address is whether the trial court erred in sentencing Appellant separately for two counts of sexual battery. The issue on which this question turns is whether this activity was a single criminal transaction, or episode.

The victim was employed delivering newspapers on an early morning route. Deliveries were made from her automobile. At about 4:45 a. m. she stopped to open a vending machine; as she reached the machine she found she had the wrong key. She returned to her car as defendant stopped his automobile diagonally in front of her car. He threatened her, forced her into the car with him and drove off in spite of her protests that her baby was in the car with the door open and the engine running.

While driving to a more isolated spot defendant required the victim to remove her clothes and to perform oral sex. After reaching his destination, he then raped her. Although other acts took place and there were other counts, no convictions as to those counts resulted. Further recitation of the sordid facts would serve no purpose in consideration of the merits of this appeal.

Appellant contends that the activity occurring while defendant was driving and after coming to a stop occurred during one continuous course of events. He contends that Section 775.021, Florida Statutes(1979)1 requires there to be a violation of two separate statutes before he can be held guilty of separate offenses. Here defendant was charged under a single statute, Section 794.011(4)(b).

Williams v. State, 349 So. 2d 800, (Fla. 2d DCA 1977), involved possession of a controlled substance with intent to deliver, and delivery of a controlled substance. The court held that Count II would be set aside because both crimes were a facet of the same transaction. See also Orange v. State, 334 So. 2d 277 (Fla. 3d DCA 1976). In the Williams and Orange cases, supra, the acts were committed together, there was no separation in time. Each crime was part and parcel of the other. In the case before this court, defendant forced the victim to commit one act upon him while driving his car. He then forced her to commit another act after reaching his destination which, while sexual battery and falling within the same statute, was of a separate character and type. Had defendant released his victim after commission of the first episode there is no doubt that he could be charged and convicted of sexual battery. The same result would be obtained as to the second episode had it occurred on the following day. In the case before us, the time interval between one act and the other was minimal, but nevertheless was sufficient to separate one episode or criminal transaction from the other. The second question which will be considered is whether the trial court erred in adjudging Appellant guilty of both sexual battery and kidnapping where the kidnapping was incidental to the sexual battery. The use of the word “incidental” is Appellant’s. In this case the removal of the victim was not incidental and no part of the removal constituted an element of either act of sexual battery. In Harkins v. State, 380 So. 2d 524 (Fla. 5th DCA, 1980), this court construed Section 787.01, Florida Statutes as not including movement or confinement that is inconsequential or inherent in the nature of the felony. In the case before us, the abduction was neither inconsequential nor inherent in either sexual battery.

AFFIRMED.

ORFINGER and COBB, JJ., concur. . § 775.021(4) Florida Statutes. Whoever, in the course of one criminal transaction or episode, commits an act or acts constituting a violation of two or more criminal statutes, upon conviction and adjudication of guilt, shall be sentenced separately for each criminal offense, excluding lesser included offenses, committed during said criminal episode, and the sentencing judge may order the sentences to be served concurrently or consecutively.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By (15 total)

  • Faison v. State, 426 So. 2d 963 (Fla. 1983)
    …nement of four employees in a bathroom for approximately five minutes during robbery was without independent significance in that it was not materially different from the restraint necessarily involved in the felony of armed robbery); Bass v. State, 380 So. 2d 1181 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980) (kidnapping affirmed, abduction in automobile not inconsequential nor inherent in sexual battery). . See infra note 6. . See cases collected at Annot., 43 A.L.R.3d 699 (1972) and 1981 supplement at 40-48.…
  • Autley Mobley v. State, 409 So. 2d 1031 (Fla. 1982)
    …nsequential or inherent in the nature of the related felony. See Ayendes v. State, 385 So. 2d 698 (Fla. 1st DCA 1980); Friend v. State, 385 So. 2d 696 (Fla. 1st DCA 1980); Harkins v. State, 380 So. 2d 524 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980); See also Bass v. State, 380 So. 2d 1181 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980). The prevalent view nationwide is that kidnapping statutes, regardless of their wording, do not apply to unlawful confinements or movements incidental to other felonies.2 Most courts have reasoned that the [*1035] legislatures d…
  • State v. Meshell, 2 So. 3d 132 (Fla. 2009)
    …Fla. 1st DCA 1986) (cunnilingus followed a few seconds later by vaginal intercourse); Begley v. State, 483 So. 2d 70 (Fla. 4th DCA 1986) (attempted vaginal intercourse, attempted cunnilingus, fellatio, committed over two week period); Bass v. State, 380 So. 2d 1181 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980) (oral sex followed by rape). However, the fact that the same victim is sexually battered in the same manner more than once in a criminal episode by the same defendant does not conclusively prohibit multiple punishments. Spatial a…

Previewing 3 of 15 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Authorities Cited

Full citator, related cases, and AI research tools

Open in FLexlaw