PROPRIETORS INSURANCE COMPANY ET AL., APPELLANTS,
v.
JOHN AND JANET VALSECCHI, ETC., ANN AND RICHARD SCILEPPI, ETC., ET AL., APPELLEES

Fla. 3d DCA | 1980-07-18
Nos. 80-752, 80-753
Before HUBBART, NESBITT and BAS-KIN, JJ.
385 So. 2d 749 Florida District Court of Appeal, Third District (1980) Positive Treatment
Cited by 26 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

An insurance company appealing a money judgment sought an automatic stay by posting supersedeas bonds equal to the judgment amount plus 15%, as prescribed by Florida's appellate rules. The trial court increased the bond amounts, but the appellate court reversed, holding that the trial court has no discretion to modify the automatic bond formula established by the rules.


Holding

Under Fla.R.App.P. 9.310(b)(1), an insurance company is entitled to an automatic stay of a money judgment pending appeal by posting a supersedeas bond equal to the judgment amount plus 15%, and the trial court has no discretion to increase this amount. The rule establishes a fixed formula that is not subject to judicial modification based on perceived inadequacy in particular cases.


Headnotes

[1] A supersedeas bond for a money judgment pending appeal is automatically stayed upon posting a bond equal to the amount ordered to be paid plus 15 percent thereof.

[2] A trial court has no discretion to increase or decrease the amount of a supersedeas bond for a money judgment pending appeal when the amount is automatically set by rule.

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Key Quotes

“When the order is solely for the payment of money, a stay pending review is automatic, without the necessity of motion or order, on posting of a good and sufficient bond equal to the amount ordered to be paid, plus 15% thereof.”

This rule establishes the mandatory formula for supersedeas bonds on money judgment appeals, forming the basis of the court's holding.

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Facts & Procedural History

Proprietors Insurance Company and its insured defendants were held liable in three separate jury verdicts of $750,000 each. The trial court amended th…

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Opinion of the Court
HUBBART, Judge.

HUBBART, Judge.

This is a motion to review an order of a trial court increasing the amount of three supersedeas bonds previously posted by the appellant in this cause. We have jurisdiction to review this order. Fla.R. App.P. 9.310(f).

The central issue presented for review is whether an insurance company which is appealing an adverse final money judgment may obtain an automatic stay pending appeal under Fla.R.App.P. 9.310(b)(1) by posting a good and sufficient supersedeas bond in the amount ordered to be paid by said money judgment plus 15 percent thereof. We conclude that under Fla.R.App.P. 9.310(b)(1) the insurance company is entitled to such an automatic stay upon the posting of a supersedeas bond in the above amount, which amount a trial court has no discretion to increase. Accordingly, we reverse the order under review and reinstate the original supersedeas bonds posted by the appellant Proprietors Insurance Company herein.

I

The facts pertaining to the instant motion are undisputed. In an action filed and tried in the Circuit Court for the Eleventh Judicial Circuit of Florida, the plaintiffs John and Janet Valsecchi, the plaintiffs Ann and Richard Scileppi and the cross-claimant Caetano Da Vital secured jury verdicts against the defendant Proprietors Insurance Company and its insured defendants Deland Aviation, Inc., O. R. Hunt, and Dean V. West in the amount of $750,000, $750,000 and $750,000 respectively. Three final judgments were entered upon these verdicts in favor of the plaintiffs against all the above defendants in this cause. These final judgments were, in turn, amended by the trial court to reduce the defendant Proprietors Insurance Company’s liability on the judgments to the amount of the applicable insurance policy limits, to wit: $75,000 as to the Valsecchi plaintiffs; $75,000 as to the Scileppi plaintiffs and $100,000 as to the Vital plaintiff. All the defendants have prosecuted an appeal to this court from these final judgments as amended.

The defendant Proprietors Insurance Company sought to supersede the amended final judgment entered against it and from which it has appealed by posting with the clerk of the circuit court three supersedeas bonds equal to the amount which it was required to pay by the judgments appealed from, plus 15 percent thereof.1 The plain tiffs herein were dissatisfied with the amount of these bonds and moved the trial court to increase such bonds to equal the amount which the defendant Proprietors Insurance Company was required to pay by the amended final judgments plus 15 percent of the $750,000 entered against the individual insured defendants herein. The trial court entered an order granting this motion after a full hearing. The defendant Proprietors Insurance Company has filed a motion to review this order. II

The applicable and controlling law in this case is found at Fla.R.App.P. 9.310 (1977), which provides in relevant part as follows:

“(a) Application. Except as provided by general law and in section (b) of this rule, a party seeking to stay a final or non-final order pending review shall file a motion in the lower tribunal, which shall have continuing jurisdiction, in its discretion, to grant, modify or deny such relief. A stay pending review may be conditioned upon the posting of a good and sufficient bond, other conditions, or both, (b) Exceptions.

(1) Money Judgments. When the order is solely for the payment of money, a stay pending review is automatic, without the necessity of motion or order, on posting of a good and sufficient bond equal to the amount ordered to be paid, plus 15% thereof. If the liability of a party is less than the entire amount ordered to be paid, the bond required for that party shall be equal to the amount of such liability, plus 15%. Multiple parties having common liability may file a bond in the amount of the common liability, plus 15%. ”

This rule represents a change from the prior applicable appellate rules on this subject which provided at Fla.R.App.P. 5.5, 5.7 (1962) as follows:

“If a party desires to supersede a final decision, judgment, order or decree, he shall, at the time the appeal is taken, or at any time prior to filing the reeord-on-appeal in the Court, apply to the lower court for an order fixing the amount, terms and conditions for good and sufficient bond to be payable to the adverse party.” Fla.R.App.P. 5.5 (1962).

“When the decision, judgment, order or decree requires or provides unconditionally for the payment or recovery of money, the bond shall be conditioned to satisfy the judgment or decree or any modification not increasing the amount thereof, in full, including costs, interest (if chargeable), and damages for delay, in event the appeal be dismissed or the judgment, order or decree is affirmed.” Fla.R.App.P. 5.7 (1962).

As a plain reading of the above rules indicate, Fla.R.App.P. 9.310 (1977), does not provide for a hearing and a discretionary setting of a supersedeas bond by the trial court, as the prior rule did, where an appeal is taken from a money judgment. As to such an appeal, the amount of the superse-deas bond is automatically set by Fla.R. App.P. 9.310(b)(1) at a sum “equal to the amount ordered to be paid [by the judgment appealed from], plus 15% thereof.” The committee notes for Fla.R.App.P. 9.310(b)(1) confirm this conclusion by stating that the above rule “establishes a fixed formula for determining the amount of the bond where there is a judgment solely for money.” A trial court, in our view, has no discretion to interfere with this formula by increasing or decreasing the amount of the supersedeas set by the rule. The salutory purpose behind this new rule was to relieve the trial and appellate courts from the taxing administrative burden of hearing and deciding routine, non-controversial motions for supersedeas on appeals from money judgments by fixing a formula for the posting of such bonds with the clerk of the court without the necessity for a motion or hearing. Indeed, the formula fixed by Fla. R.App.P. 9.310(b)(1) is similar in amount to that which was followed by the vast majority of trial and appellate courts under the prior rules. The purpose behind the new rule is defeated, in our judgment, if we read it, as urged, to give the trial court the discretionary authority to hear and grant motions to increase or decrease such super-sedeas bonds.

Ill

In the instant case, we deal with three amended final judgments solely for money which ordered the defendant Proprietors Insurance Company to pay the plaintiffs herein $75,000, $75,000 and $100,000 respectively. Under Fla.R.App.P. 9.310(b)(1), the defendant Proprietors Insurance Company is entitled to an automatic stay of such judgments pending an appeal to this court by posting, as it did, three supersedeas bonds equal to the amounts ordered to be paid by said judgments plus 15 percent thereof. We see no legal basis under the rule for the trial court to exercise its discretion, as it did, and increase the supersedeas bonds herein. The rule, not the trial court, sets the amount of the supersedeas bond in an appeal to this court from a money judgment.

The plaintiffs herein urge, notwithstanding the clear language of Fla.R. App.P. 9.310(b)(1), that the trial court should have the authority to increase the supersedeas bond previously posted because the formula set by the rule is inadequate in this case. Specifically, the plaintiffs point out that the defendant Proprietors Insurance Company has a contingent liability to pay for any interest and taxable costs in-' curred upon appeal from the judgments entered against the individual insured defendants under the subject insurance policy, which liability is not adequately secured by the supersedeas bonds herein. We are cited to no authority, however, either under the present or prior appellate rules which require an insurance company to supersede such a contingent liability in order to stay a money judgment entered against it pending appeal, and our independent research has revealed none. Such contingent liability, in our view, may be determined and enforced in subsequent proceedings by independent complaint under Fla.R.Civ.P. 1.110(h), but need not be superseded upon this appeal by the defendant Proprietors Insurance Company. In any event, Fla.R.App.P. 9.310(b)(1) automatically sets the amount of supersedeas herein and, as previously explained, the trial court has no discretion to determine that the automatic formula set by the rule is inadequate in a given case.2

The motion to review is granted and the cause remanded to the trial court with directions to vacate the order under review and reinstate the three prior supersedeas bonds previously posted in this cause by the defendant Proprietors Insurance Company.

. It should be noted that the posted supersede-as bonds also include the individual insured defendants as principals on the bonds. It is clear, however, that these bonds in no way supersede the $750,000 amended final judgments entered against such defendants herein as the amount of the bonds posted is vastly less than that required by Fla.R.App.P. 9.310(b)(1).

. The plaintiffs have filed a thoughtful and comprehensive response in this cause which we have carefully considered. We must, nonetheless, reject the position taken therein as such would require a rewrite of our present appellate rules and practice. Indeed, as the response indicates, plaintiff’s counsel has proposed just such a change to the Appellate Rules Committee in accord with the position he takes in his response. We believe any such change, if warranted, should come by this method of proper rule modification rather than, as urged, by judicial fiat of this court.


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Citator

Cited By (13 total)

  • …the judgment, rather than 15 percent of the judgment, be posted in addition to the principal amount of the judgment. In addition, the subdivision was amended to cure a deficiency in the prior rule revealed by Proprietors Insurance Co. v. Valsecchi, 385 So. 2d 749 (Fla. 3d DCA 1980). As under the former rule, if a party has an obligation to pay interest only on the judgment, the bond required for that party shall be equal to the principal amount of the judgment plus 2 years’ interest on it. In some cases, how…
  • …of. Id. Under Florida law, the posting of a “good and sufficient bond” as provided in rule 9.310(b) results in an automatic stay pending appeal of an adverse money judgment. Palm Beach Heights, 385 So. 2d at 1171; Proprietors Ins. Co. v. Valsecchi, 385 So. 2d 749, 750 (Fla. 3d DCA 1980). The trial court has no discretion to change this amount or deny a stay when the bond requirements have been met. Based on the above, we answer the fifth certified question in the negative. We conclude that a contractual pro…
  • The Fla. Bar re: Rules of App. Procedure, 463 So. 2d 1114 (Fla. 1984)
    …n the judgment, rather than 15 percent of the judgment, be posted in addition to the principal amount of the judgment. In addition, the subsection was amended to cure a deficiency in the prior rule revealed by Proprietors Insurance Co. v. Valsecchi, 385 So. 2d 749 (Fla. 3d DCA 1980). As under the former rule, if a party has an obligation to pay interest only upon the judgment, the bond required for that party shall be equal to the principal amount of the judgment plus two years’ interest upon it. In some case…

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