JOSEPH SCHEUER AND HARRIET RUBIN, APPELLANTS,
v.
RICHARD P. WILLE, SHERIFF OF PALM BEACH COUNTY; DALE ALLEN; AND WILLIAM F. HOWARD, D/B/A HOWARD FUNERAL HOME, APPELLEES

Fla. 4th DCA | 1980-06-18
No. 78-2357
DOWNEY and MOORE, JJ., concur.
385 So. 2d 1076 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (1980) Positive Treatment
Cited by 18 cases

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Synopsis

Appellants, the adult children of a deceased woman, sued for intentional infliction of emotional distress after a funeral home embalmed their mother's body in violation of Jewish religious tenets without contacting them or obtaining consent. The court reversed summary judgment against the funeral home, finding issues of fact regarding the funeral home's knowledge and authority that precluded summary disposition.


Holding

The court held that summary judgment was properly entered in favor of the sheriff and his employee but was erroneous as to the funeral home. The court determined that issues of fact existed regarding the funeral home's knowledge of the adverse consequences of immediate embalming and regarding the funeral home's authority under applicable regulations, precluding summary judgment.


Headnotes

[1] A complaint for intentional infliction of emotional distress must allege facts that, if proven, would also support an award of punitive damages.

[2] The sufficiency of allegations for intentional infliction of emotional distress should be determined on a motion to dismiss, not by summary judgment.

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Key Quotes

“To state a cause of action for the intentional infliction of emotional distress a complaint must allege facts which, if proven, would also support an award of punitive damages.”

Establishes the legal standard for pleading intentional infliction of emotional distress claims in Florida.

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Facts & Procedural History

The appellants' mother died in a Florida hospital. Unable to contact the appellants who were traveling to Florida, the sheriff's office requested Howa…

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Opinion of the Court
ANSTEAD, Judge.

ANSTEAD, Judge.

Appellants, plaintiffs below, appeal the entry of an adverse final summary judgment on their complaint charging appellees with the intentional infliction of emotional distress.

The appellants, brother and sister, are residents of New York. When their mother, a widow, died in a Florida hospital, the hospital requested that the local sheriff make arrangements for the removal of the body to a funeral home. After being unable to contact the appellants who were in transit to Florida at the time, Dale Allen, a deputy sheriff, requested, pursuant to a standard procedure of the sheriff’s office, that the body be picked up by the Howard Funeral Home whose name was selected from a rotation list prepared by the sheriff’s office for such purposes. The funeral home, without attempting to ascertain or contact the deceased’s next of kin and with some knowledge of the religious beliefs of the deceased in connection with death and burial, immediately embalmed the body, in violation of the religious tenets of the deceased.1

The trial court denied the funeral home’s motion to dismiss but granted its motion to strike a claim for punitive damages on the basis that the allegations of the complaint were insufficient to sustain such an award. Subsequently, summary judgment was entered in favor of all of the appellees.

We have reviewed the record and believe that summary judgment was properly entered in favor of the sheriff and his employee. However, we believe the entry of summary judgment in favor of the funeral home was erroneous. To state a cause of action for the intentional infliction of emotional distress a complaint must allege facts which, if proven, would also support an award of punitive damages. Rupp v. Jackson, 238 So. 2d 86 (Fla.1970); Kirksey v. Jernigan, 45 So. 2d 188 (Fla.1950); Kimple v. Riedel, 133 So. 2d 437 (Fla.2d DCA 1961). These decisions, supra, have recognized such a cause of action in a variety of factual situations involving the care of dead bodies and are exemplified by the following statement set out in Kirksey v. Jernigan, supra:

The right to recover, in such cases is especially appropriate to tortious interference with rights involving dead human bodies, where mental anguish to the surviving relatives is not only the natural and probable consequence of the character of wrong committed but indeed is frequently the only injurious consequence to follow from it. Id. at 189

Howard contends that summary judgment was mandated because the trial court had stricken appellants’ claim for punitive damages. Howard reasons that if the allegations do not state a claim for punitive damages they cannot state a claim for intentional infliction of emotional distress. While we agree with this reasoning, we do not agree that the entry of summary judgment is appropriate in such circumstances. The sufficiency of the allegations of the complaint should be determined on a motion to dismiss, not by summary judgment. General Portland Development v. Stevens, 356 So. 2d 840 (Fla. 4th DCA 1978).

We also are of the view that there was an issue of fact as to the funeral home’s knowledge of the adverse consequences of its decision to immediately embalm the body. In addition, both sides have cited various regulations governing the conduct of funeral homes that give rise to factual issues as to the authority of the funeral home to act as it did under the circumstances of this case.

For all of the above reasons we believe it was premature and erroneous to enter summary judgment for the funeral home. Accordingly, the judgment is hereby affirmed in part and reversed in part and remanded with directions for further proceedings in accordance with this opinion.

DOWNEY and MOORE, JJ., concur. . In answer to an interrogatory the funeral home stated that it was aware that the deceased was of the Jewish faith and because of such knowledge it had saved two bottles of blood to be buried with her. It is alleged that the removal of blood from the deceased’s body was a sacrilege resulting in serious spiritual harm to the soul of the deceased as well as emotional distress to the appellants.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Metro. Life Ins. Co. v. McCARSON, 467 So. 2d 277 (Fla. 1985)
    …). The thorough discussion and analysis of the Fourth District below shows that four of the five district courts of appeal have recognized that tort. Dominguez v. Equitable Life Assurance Society, 438 So. 2d 58 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983); Scheuer v. Willie, 385 So. 2d 1076 (Fla. 4th DCA 1980); Food Fair, Inc. v. Anderson, 382 So. 2d 150 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980); Ford Motor Credit Co. v. Sheehan, 373 So. 2d 956 (Fla. 1st DCA), cert. dismissed, 379 So. 2d 204 (Fla. 1979). Only the Second District has failed to recognize the…
  • Crocker v. Pleasant, 778 So. 2d 978 (Fla. 2001)
    …failure to properly dispose of decedent’s ashes); Sherer v. Rubin Mem’l Chapel, Ltd., 452 So. 2d 574, 575 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984) (holding that relatives of deceased alleged facts sufficient to impute malice in mishandling of corpse); Scheuer v. Wille, 385 So. 2d 1076, 1078 (Fla. 4th DCA 1980) (claim of intentional infliction of emotion distress for unauthorized embalming precluded entry of summary judgment for funeral home). [*988] Based upon these statutory rights of the next of kin in their dead relatives’ bod…
  • Kirker v. Orange Cnty. & Shashi B. Gore, M.D., 519 So. 2d 682 (Fla. 5th DCA 1988)
    …consequence to follow from it. 45 So. 2d at 189. The principles espoused in Kirksey v. Jernigan have been applied in other cases. Florida courts have recognized a valid cause of action based on unauthorized or wrongful embalming, Scheuer v. Witte, 385 So. 2d 1076 (Fla. 4th DCA 1980); unauthorized autopsy, Jackson v. Rupp, 228 So. 2d [*684] 916, 918 (Fla. 4th DCA 1969), affirmed, 238 So. 2d 86 (Fla.1970); Prescott v. Lovett, 239 So. 2d 606 (Fla. 4th DCA), cert, denied, 240 So. 2d 646 (Fla.1970); and mishandli…

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