FORREST J. KILLIAN, III, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.
A defendant is considered to have 'previously been found guilty of a felony' under the Youthful Offender Act if convicted of other felonies before sentencing, even if those convictions arose from charges consolidated for trial.
[1] A person is entitled to classification as a youthful offender as a matter of right if they meet the criteria of subsection (1) and have not previously been found guilty o…
[2] For purposes of determining eligibility for youthful offender status, a person has "previously been found guilty of a felony" if convictions for multiple consolidated fel…
Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAppellant, between 18 and 21 and with no prior record, was charged with multiple felonies and misdemeanors. He pled guilty to all charges, which were …
The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.
Explore caselaw by topic → Browse Sentencing Alternatives cases and more on FLexlaw
GRIMES, Chief Judge.
By this appeal, appellant challenges the trial court’s reading of the Youthful Offender Act.
The state charged appellant with nine felonies and three misdemeanors. The charges were consolidated for trial, and he pled guilty to all of them. The court adjudicated him guilty and ordered a pre-sen-tence investigation. Because he was between eighteen and twenty-one years old and had no prior record, appellant moved to be sentenced in accordance with the Youthful Offender Act, Section 958.04, Florida Statutes (Supp.1978). This statute reads, in part, as follows:
(1) The court may classify as a youthful offender any person: (a) Who is at least 18 years of age or who has been transferred for prosecution to the criminal division of the circuit court pursuant to chapter 39;
(b) Who is found guilty of or who has tendered, and the court has accepted, a plea of nolo contendere or guilty to a crime which is, under the laws of this state, a felony of the first, second, or third degree if such crime was committed before the defendant’s 21st birthday; and (c) Who has not previously been classified a youthful offender under the provisions of this act; however, no person who has been found guilty of a capital or life felony may be classified a youthful offender under this act.
(2) A person shall be classified a youthful offender if such person meets the criteria of subsection (1) and such person:
(a) Has not previously been found guilty of a felony, whether or not the adjudication of guilt has been withheld; or (b) Has not been adjudicated delinquent for an act which would be a capital, life, or first degree felony if committed by an adult.
(3) A person excluded from classification as a youthful offender under subsection (2) by virtue of having been previously found guilty of a crime which if committed in Florida would be a felony of the first, second, or third degree under the laws of this state may be classified a youthful offender after consideration of the following criteria .
The court refused to sentence appellant under the act, and appellant instituted this appeal, contending that he had a right to be sentenced as a youthful offender. Despite the discretionary language of subsection (1), the clear mandate of subsection (2) is that if a person meets the criteria of subsection (1) and has not previously been found guilty of a felony or adjudicated delinquent for an act which would be more than a second degree felony, he is entitled, as a matter of right, to be sentenced as a youthful offender. The state, however, contends that the court was not required to sentence appellant under the Youthful Offender Act because by the time of sentencing on each of the charges, appellant had already been convicted of all the other felony charges which had been consolidated for trial.
Appellant refers to subsequent offender statutes, such as Section 775.084, Florida Statutes (1979), which courts have consistently construed as requiring that each subsequent offense be committed after the pri-or conviction. E. g., Shead v. State, 367 So. 2d 264 (Fla.3d DCA 1979). The rationale for enhancing a sentence for subsequent offenders is said to be to give a warning, to first offenders and thereby afford them an opportunity to reform. Karz v. State, 279 So. 2d 383 (Fla.2d DCA 1973).
On the other hand, the state suggests the applicability of Lucas v. State, 376 So. 2d 1149 (Fla.1979), in which the court was considering the eligibility of certain crimes to be considered as aggravating factors under Section 921.141(5)(b), Florida Statutes (1975), for the purposes of assessing the death penalty. There, the defendant had attempted to murder two other persons a few minutes after the commission of the subject murder. The supreme court held that even though the two convictions for attempted murder were entered contemporaneously with the murder conviction, both had been entered “previous” to sentencing. Thus, the court had appropriately considered the two attempted murder convictions as an aggravating circumstance.
The instant case is analogous to Lucas. There is nothing to indicate that the possibility of not being sentenced as a youthful offender was contemplated as being a deterrent to criminal conduct. To the contrary, the legislative intent of the Florida Youthful Offender Act as expressed in Section 958.021, Florida Statutes (Supp.1978), is as follows:
The purpose of this act is to improve the chances of correction and successful return to the community of youthful offenders sentenced to imprisonment by preventing their association with older and more experienced criminals during the terms of their confinement. It is the further intent of the Legislature to provide an additional sentencing alternative to be used in the discretion of the court when dealing with offenders who have demonstrated that they can no longer be handled safely as juveniles and who require more substantial limitations upon their liberty to ensure the protection of society.
The act is a sentencing tool which enables the court to give .the most appropriate sentence to each particular person in each particular case.
Accordingly, we hold that appellant had “previously been found guilty of a felony” as specified in Section 958.04(2)(a), Florida Statutes (Supp.1978), when the court sentenced him for each of the crimes involved in this appeal. While subsection (3) would have authorized the court to sentence appellant as a youthful offender, there was nothing in that subsection or elsewhere in the act which required it to do so. Hence, the court properly pronounced sentence without regard to the Youthful Offender Act.
AFFIRMED.
HOBSON and SCHEB, JJ., concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Cited By (16 total)
-
State v. Goodson, 403 So. 2d 1337 (Fla. 1981)…al judge already has the discretion to classify a defendant as a youthful offender under subsection (1). Thus in this context the word “shall” is clearly meant to be mandatory. Barnhill v. State, 393 So. 2d 557 (Fla. 4th DCA 1980); Killian v. State, 387 So. 2d 385 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980). With respect to the second question, the state argues that Goodson could not have been “transferred” to the criminal division of the circuit court as required by section 958.04(l)(a), since he was brought before the criminal div…
-
Goodson v. State, 392 So. 2d 1335 (Fla. 1st DCA 1980)…e foregoing points raised to sustain the order, we find merit to the proposition that appellant does not qualify for treatment under the mandatory provisions because he has previously been found guilty of' a felony. § 958.04(2)(a). Killian v. State, 387 So. 2d 385 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980).6 Goodson was adjudicated guilty of two robberies based on previous pleas of guilty. Thereafter, he was sentenced on both charges. Thus at the time of sentencing, he [*1338] had been previously found guilty of a felony other than…
-
Whitlock v. State, 404 So. 2d 795 (Fla. 3d DCA 1981)…nts of subsection (1) are met and the person is not disqualified by the requirements in subsection (2), the court “shall” classify that person as a youthful offender). See also Barnhill v. State, 393 So. 2d 557 (Fla. 4th DCA 1980); Killian v. State, 387 So. 2d 385 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980). Accordingly, we find that appellant was properly classified as a youthful offender. Section 958.05 of the Act expressly provides that youthful offenders be sentenced “in lieu of other criminal penalties authorized by law,” and e…
Previewing 3 of 16 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Lucas v. State, 376 So. 2d 1149 (Fla. 1979)
- Shead v. State, 367 So. 2d 264 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979)
- Karz v. State, 279 So. 2d 383 (Fla. 2d DCA 1973)