VIRGIL SMITH AND HOWARD JONES, AS THE SURVIVING DIRECTORS AND BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF EDWARDS SASH, DOOR & LUMBER CO., A DISSOLVED CORPORATION, APPELLANTS,
v.
JAMES M. BRANCH, JR.; BETTY M. BRANCH, HUSBAND AND WIFE; LEVI F. BRANCH; VIALEE E. BRANCH; JAMES R. COPE; GEORGIA DEANE COPE; WILSON C. RIPPY, JR., M. D.; HUGO SCHMIDT & COMPANY, A FLORIDA CORPORATION, MONTGOMERY WARD & CO., INC.; J. M. LINTON; THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF FLORIDA, FORMERLY KNOWN AS THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF TAMPA; PAN AMERICAN BANK OF TAMPA, FORMERLY KNOWN AS CAPITAL NATIONAL BANK OF TAMPA; AND RALPH L. ROUSSEAU, JR., APPELLEES
AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.
Surviving directors of a dissolved corporation appealed a judgment barring their mortgage foreclosure action on statute of limitations and laches grounds. The court reversed, holding that the action was timely under Florida's statutory framework for demand notes and mortgages, and that laches was improperly applied.
The action was not barred by the statute of limitations because for a demand note, the cause of action does not accrue until written demand for payment is made, and the twenty-year mortgage lien had not yet terminated. Laches was also improperly applied because it is an affirmative defense requiring clear and positive evidence, and Branch, who was aware of the mortgage, failed to establish that he had reason to believe it would never be foreclosed.
[1] A cause of action on a demand note accrues upon the first written demand for payment.
[2] An action to foreclose a mortgage must be commenced within five years of accrual.
Previewing 2 of 5 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“Section 95.031(1) provides that generally a cause of action accrues when the last element constituting the cause of action occurs and that the last element constituting a cause of action "on a negotiable or nonnegotiable note payable on demand . . . is the first written demand for payment."”
Establishes that for demand notes, the statute of limitations does not begin to run until demand is made, not from the date of the note.
Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceIn 1962, the Dobbs executed a demand note for $10,439.90 to Edwards Sash, Door & Lumber Co., secured by a second mortgage on real property. James Bran…
The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.
Explore caselaw by topic → Browse Mortgage Foreclosure cases and more on FLexlaw
BOARDMAN, Acting Chief Judge.
Virgil Smith and Howard Jones, as the surviving directors of Edwards Sash, Door & Lumber Co. (Edwards), a dissolved corpo ration, plaintiffs below, appeal a final judgment ruling their action barred by the statute of limitations and laches. We reverse.1
On November 20, 1962, William D. and Thelma K. Dobbs executed a demand note in favor of Edwards for $10,439.90 plus interest secured by a second mortgage on certain real property. Appellee James Branch purchased the property in 1964, assuming a first mortgage on the property to First Federal in the amount of $17-18,000. Branch was also aware of the second mortgage at the time he purchased the house, having spoken with appellant Jones prior to the purchase. No demand was made upon Branch for payment of the note in question prior to the filing of the instant suit on June 14, 1979. Subsequent to his purchase, Branch added a family room to the house at a cost of approximately $10,000.
Paul H. Smith, Jr., a former director and majority stockholder of Edwards, explained that foreclosure had not been sought earlier because the property was heavily mortgaged and foreclosure would not have been productive. He further testified that Branch had been in his office about three years earlier and Branch had mentioned that there was some money owed to Edwards on the house and that he would try to work something out.
Section 95.11(2)(c), Florida Statutes (1979) provides that an action to foreclose a mortgage shall be commenced within five years. Section 95.031(1) provides that generally a cause of action accrues when the last element constituting the cause of action occurs and that the last element constituting a cause of action “on a negotiable or nonnegotiable note payable on demand . . . is the first written demand for payment.” Ruhl v. Perry, 390 So. 2d 353 (Fla.1980); Jones v. Rainey, 386 So. 2d 1319 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980).2
Section 95.281 is the limitation statute applicable to mortgages. Section 95.-281(l)(b) provides that if maturity is not ascertainable from the record, the mortgage terminates twenty years after the date of the mortgage.
When these sections are read together, it is clear that appellants’ action is not barred by the statute of limitations. The twenty-year lien of the mortgage has not yet terminated, and appellants’ cause of action did not accrue until the filing of the complaint herein. Ruhl v. Perry, supra.
The trial court also found laches applicable. However, this finding may have been based solely upon the finding that the statute of limitations had expired, since section 95.11(6) provides that laches automatically bars any action that would be barred by the statute of limitations.
Where strong equities appear, of course, laches may be applied before the statute of limitations has expired. However, laches is an affirmative defense, and the burden of proof is on the party asserting it; it must, moreover, be proved by very clear and positive evidence. Van Meter v. Kelsey, 91 So. 2d 327 (Fla.1956); Peacock v. Firman, 177 So. 2d 560 (Fla. 3d DCA), cert. denied, 183 So. 2d 215 (Fla.1965). One of the elements of laches is lack of knowledge on the part of the defendant that the plaintiff will assert the right upon which suit is based. Van Meter v. Kelsey, supra. Here appellee Branch was well aware of the existence of the mortgage in question and of the reason why it was not foreclosed at the time he purchased the property, and he did not establish that he had ever been given reason to believe that the mortgage would not ever be foreclosed.
Accordingly, the trial court erred in entering final judgment against appellants. That order is therefore REVERSED and the cause REMANDED with instructions to enter final judgment in favor of appellants.
DANAHY and CAMPBELL, JJ., concur. . Although appellees did not favor this court with a brief, either through counsel or pro se, we have carefully researched the issues before us and considered the case law which could arguably be construed to support appellees’ position.
. In fairness to the trial judge, it should be noted that this provision was not brought to his attention. At the hearing below, the attorneys for both sides agreed that the statute of limitations began to run on the date of delivery of the note and mortgage, which is contrary to statutory authority and case law.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Cited By (12 total)
-
Appalachian, Inc. v. Olson, 468 So. 2d 266 (Fla. 2d DCA 1985)…bring the developers within the doctrine of estoppel. The appellees filed suit before the expiration of the statute of limitations. Laches may be applied before the statute of limitations expires only where strong equities appear. Smith v. Branch, 391 So. 2d 797 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980). Laches is based upon an unreasonable delay, Bethea v. Langford, 45 So. 2d 496 (Fla.1949), in asserting a known right which causes undue prejudice to the party against whom the claim is asserted. Van Meter v. Kelsey, 91 So. 2d 327…
-
Claude v. Pitts, Jr., 561 So. 2d 297 (Fla. 2d DCA 1990)…c), Florida Statutes (1985). Since the loans, as extended by the mortgage, had no specific maturity date and the Pastores’ demands to pay were not in writing, this statute provides no aid to Mr. Pitts. § 95.031(1), Fla.Stat. (1985); Smith v. Branch, 391 So. 2d 797 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980). . Robbins v. Robbins, 411 So. 2d 1024 (Fla. 2d DCA), review dismissed, 417 So. 2d 330 (Fla.1982); Robbins v. Robbins, 360 So. 2d 10 (Fla. 2d DCA), appeal dismissed, 365 So. 2d 714 (Fla.1978); Heath v. First Nat'l Bank in Milton,…
-
Monte v. Tipton, 612 So. 2d 714 (Fla. 2d DCA 1993)…g Locke v. State Farm Fire & Casualty Co., 509 So. 2d 1375 (Fla. 1st DCA 1987), that the claim was not barred by the statute of limitations. Section 95.281, Florida Statutes (1991), is the limitation statute applicable to mortgages. Smith v. Branch, 391 So. 2d 797 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980). The lien of a mortgage shall terminate twenty years after the date of the mortgage if the final maturity of an obligation secured by a mortgage is not ascertainable from the record of it. Section 95.281(l)(b). The statute of limi…
Previewing 3 of 12 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- VAN Meter v. Edward L. Kelsey and his wife, 91 So. 2d 327 (Fla. 1956)
- Peacock v. Firman, 177 So. 2d 560 (Fla. 3d DCA 1965)
- Perry's Fashions, Inc. v. Guar. Sec. Ins. Co., 183 So. 2d 215 (Fla. 1965)
- Murray v. Holiday on Ice Shows, Inc., 183 So. 2d 215 (Fla. 1965)
- Ruhl v. Perry, 390 So. 2d 353 (Fla. 1980)
- Jones v. Odessa Rainey and Phil Gotti, 386 So. 2d 1319 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980)