ROY W. CUMMINGS, JR., AND CAROL ANN CUMMINGS, PETITIONERS,
v.
CARL SINE AND TIMOTHY ROSS SINE, RESPONDENTS
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The Florida District Court of Appeal granted a writ of certiorari to vacate a trial court's order permitting respondents to interview jurors post-verdict. The court held that juror interviews are improper when they would necessarily inquire into jurors' thought processes, reasoning, and motives, even where the verdict's face suggests the jury may not have followed instructions on comparative negligence.
It is improper to permit juror interviews where the record reveals no misconduct or irregularity, the case was fairly tried, jurors were polled and confirmed the verdict, and the interview would necessarily inquire into jurors' thought processes, reasoning, and motives. Such inquiry is impermissible even where evidence on the face of the verdict suggests the jury may not have followed the court's instructions.
[1] A writ of certiorari may be granted to review an order permitting the interview of jurors if the interview would necessarily involve an inquiry into the jurors' thought p…
[2] Jurors cannot be interviewed regarding their thought processes, calculations, or judgments, even if there is evidence that the jury failed to follow court instructions.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“where the record does not reveal any misconduct or irregularity on the part of any juror, the case was fairly and impartially tried and each juror is polled and announces the verdict to be his or hers, it is improper to allow jurors to be interviewed”
Establishes the fundamental rule against juror interviews absent evidence of misconduct or irregularity
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligencePetitioners Roy and Carol Cummings sued respondents Carl and Timothy Sine for damages from a jogging accident. The jury awarded Mr. Cummings $186,000 …
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SCHEB, Chief Judge.
Petitioners, Roy W. Cummings, Jr. and Carol Ann Cummings, his wife, seek a writ of certiorari to review the trial court’s order granting respondents’ motion for leave to interview jurors. An interview would be improper, they urge, because it would necessarily involve an inquiry into the thought processes of the jurors. We agree and grant the writ.
Petitioners sued respondents, Carl and Timothy Sine, to recover damages arising out of an accident in which the petitioner, Roy W. Cummings, Jr., was injured while jogging. His wife, Carol Ann, sought compensation as a derivative claimant. The jury awarded Mr. Cummings $186,000 and compensated his wife in the amount of $20,-000. However, the jury found that Mr. Cummings was twenty percent at fault in the accident. Accordingly, the trial court reduced the jury award by twenty percent and entered a final judgment of $148,800 for Mr. Cummings and $16,000 for his wife. The jury was polled and each juror acknowledged the correctness of the verdict.
Respondents subsequently filed a motion to interview the jurors pursuant to Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.431(g), which allows a party to move for an order permitting an interview of jurors where that party believes the verdict may be subject to legal challenge. They contended the verdict was subject to challenge because the final award totaled $164,800, almost the precise figure petitioners’ counsel recommended to the jury as compensation for Mr. Cummings. Respondents claimed that the jury must have adjusted its award so that when the court reduced it by twenty percent, the final figure would equal the amount suggested by the petitioners.1 Thus, respondents argued that the jury did not follow the court’s instructions to the effect that while it should determine the percentage of the parties’ negligence, the court would reduce any judgment accordingly. After hearing argument by counsel, the trial judge concluded “that there could be a possibility that they [the jurors] did not follow the court’s instructions as to comparative negligence” and granted the respondents’ motion.
Because of the great sanctity accorded jury verdicts, courts have traditionally been reluctant to allow jurors to be questioned concerning them. Thus, where the record does not reveal any misconduct or irregularity on the part of any juror, the case was fairly and impartially tried and each juror is polled and announces the verdict to be his or hers, it is improper to allow jurors to be interviewed. National Indemnity Co. v. Andrews, 354 So. 2d 454, 455 (Fla.2d DCA 1978). Moreover, while courts allow interrogation of jurors where the movant has demonstrated an impropriety extrinsic to the verdict, they do not permit an inquiry into the individual thought processes, calculations or judgments of jurors. This is true even where there is some evidence on the face of the verdict that the jury failed to follow the court’s instructions. Velsor v. Allstate Insurance Co., 329 So. 2d 391 (Fla.2d DCA 1976).
In the instant case the respondents assert that the jurors usurped the trial court’s function by raising their verdict by the amount of the reduction which they understood would be made by the trial court due to Mr. Cummings’ comparative negligence.2 To determine whether the jury calculated its verdict as alleged will necessarily involve inquiring into each jur-or’s reasoning process and motives. This is an area of judgment which must remain inviolate. Moreover, the trial court did not question the size of the verdict nor express any doubt that it was supported by substantial competent evidence. Hence, it was improper for the court to have granted respondents’ motion.
Accordingly, we grant certiorari and vacate the order allowing the jurors to be interviewed.
HOBSON and GRIMES, JJ-, concur. . In his closing argument on behalf of Mr. Cummings, petitioners’ counsel stated “and when I add these all up, I get $165,050. That doesn’t include one dime for future medical bills.” Counsel requested a separate verdict for Mrs. Cummings but did not specify any amount.
. The jury awarded the husband and wife a total of $206,000. Twenty percent of $206,000 is $41,200. $206,000 reduced by $41,200 would equal $164,800, which is very close to the amount suggested by petitioners’ counsel as compensation for the husband.
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Alphonso Cave v. State, 476 So. 2d 180 (Fla. 1985)…se was fairly and impartially tried and each juror is polled and announces the verdict to be his or hers, it is improper to allow jurors to be interviewed. National Indemnity Co. v. Andrews, 354 So. 2d 454, 455 (Fla. 2d DCA 1978). Cummings v. Sine, 404 So. 2d 147, 148 (Fla. 2d DCA 1981). This respect for jury deliberations is particularly appropriate where, as here, we are dealing with an advisory sentence which does not require a unanimous vote for a recommendation of death or a majority vote for a recommen…
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Betty and George Schofield v. Carnival Cruise Lines, Inc., 461 So. 2d 152 (Fla. 3d DCA 1984)…cord does not reveal any misconduct or irregularity on the part of any juror, the ease is fairly and impartially tried, and each juror is polled and announces the verdict to be his, it is improper to allow jurors to be interviewed. Cummings v. Sine, 404 So. 2d 147 (Fla. 2d DCA 1981). Although Rule 1.431(g) provides that jury interviews shall be allowed under appropriate circumstances, the decision to allow a jury interview is within the discretion of the trial court. Kasper Instruments, Inc. v. Maurice, 394…
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Groth AIR Serv., Inc. v. Fla. Freight Terminal, Inc., 489 So. 2d 785 (Fla. 3d DCA 1986)…demonstrated. See Dover Corp. v. Dean, 473 So. 2d 710 (Fla. 4th DCA), review denied, 475 So. 2d 693 (Fla.1985); Schofield v. Carnival Cruise Lines, Inc., 461 So. 2d 152 (Fla. 3d DCA 1984), cert. denied, 472 So. 2d 1182 (Fla.1985); Cummings v. Sine, 404 So. 2d 147 (Fla. 2d DCA 1981); Thompson v. Jacobs, 314 So. 2d 797 (Fla. 1st DCA 1975); Vanzant v. Davies, 215 So. 2d 504 (Fla. 1st DCA 1968), cert. denied, 225 So. 2d 529 (Fla.1969). Affirmed. . Dade Facilities is the successor in interest to appellee Flo…
Previewing 3 of 14 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Clark Summer Velsor and Georgia Lee Velsor v. Allstate Ins. Co. & Ronald Miller, 329 So. 2d 391 (Fla. 2d DCA 1976)
- Nat'l Indem. Co. v. Sue L. Andrews et vir., 354 So. 2d 454 (Fla. 2d DCA 1978)