IN THE INTEREST OF R. J. B., A CHILD, PETITIONER,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, RESPONDENT; IN THE INTEREST OF D. J. P., A CHILD, PETITIONER, V. STATE OF FLORIDA, RESPONDENT; IN THE INTEREST OF D. A. D., A CHILD, PETITIONER, V. STATE OF FLORIDA, RESPONDENT
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The Florida Supreme Court held that juvenile courts' orders waiving jurisdiction and certifying minors for trial as adults are not immediately appealable as interlocutory appeals because no appellate rule permits such review. The Court rejected the argument that Florida Rule of Juvenile Procedure 8.220(f) creates a right to interlocutory appeal, clarifying that the rule only requires informing juveniles of their right to appeal after final disposition.
The Florida Supreme Court agreed with the Fifth District that it lacked jurisdiction to hear interlocutory appeals from juvenile waiver orders. No appellate rule adopted by the Supreme Court permits such interlocutory appeals. Rule 8.220(f) does not create a right to interlocutory appeal but merely requires that juveniles be informed of their right to appeal after final disposition in the criminal proceeding.
[1] A juvenile's conviction in adult court following the entry of a transfer order that does not contain required findings under chapter 39 is valid, and the case should be r…
[2] A juvenile previously transferred for prosecution as an adult is thereafter handled in every respect as an adult for any subsequent violation of Florida law, regardless o…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“This Court is vested by the constitution with the sole authority of deciding when appeals may be taken from interlocutory orders. Article V, section 4(b)(1) expressly provides that district courts of appeal 'may review interlocutory orders in such eases to the extent provided by rules adopted by the supreme court.'”
Establishes that only the Supreme Court, not the legislature, can determine when interlocutory appeals are permitted, and only through adopted appellate rules.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceThree juveniles (R.J.B., D.J.P., and D.A.D.) were separately ordered by trial courts to be waived from juvenile jurisdiction and certified for trial a…
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ALDERMAN, Justice.
We have for review the decisions of the District Court of Appeal, Fifth District, in In the Interest of R. J. B. v. State, 394 So. 2d 126 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980); D. A. D. v. State, 389 So. 2d 351 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980); and In the Interest of D. J. P. v. State, 388 So. 2d 1094 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980), holding that it was without jurisdiction to consider interlocutory appeals from the juvenile court’s orders waiving juvenile jurisdiction. This holding expressly and directly conflicts with G. A. v. State, 391 So. 2d 720 (Fla. 1st DCA 1980), wherein the First District held that an interlocutory appeal may be taken from an order waiving jurisdiction. We have jurisdiction pursuant to article V, section 3(b)(3), Florida Constitution (1980). Jollie v. State, 405 So. 2d 418 (Fla.1981).
The determinative issue before us is whether the district court erred in dismissing the direct interlocutory appeals from the juvenile waiver orders on the basis that it lacked jurisdiction. Since we agree with the Fifth District that it was without jurisdiction to consider these appeals, we do not reach the second issue posed by petitioner R. J. B. as to whether the trial court erred in waiving juvenile jurisdiction of R. J. B. and certifying him as an adult without having held a hearing to determine Competency-
Petitioners, three juveniles, separately appealed orders of the trial court waiving juvenile jurisdiction and certifying them for trial as adults. The Fifth District dismissed the appeals on the basis that these waiver orders were not final orders from which appeal would lie. It reasoned that Florida Rule of Appellate Procedure 9.140(b)1 governs here and that this rule does not provide for interlocutory appeals of orders of this nature. The district court acknowledged sections 39.09(2)(e)2 and 39.14(1),3 Florida Statutes (1979), but held that these statutes were ineffective to provide appellate review of waiver orders.
We agree. It is not clear that the legislature intended to create a right of interlocutory appeal from waiver orders. Section 39.09(2)(e) merely provides that a waiver order shall be reviewable pursuant to section 39.14, and section 39.14(1) provides that appeal may be had within the time and manner prescribed by the appellate rules. Even if the legislature had intended to create a right of interlocutory appeal from waiver orders, such enactment would have been void because the Florida Constitution does not authorize the legislature to provide for interlocutory review. State v. Smith, 260 So. 2d 489 (Fla.1972).
This Court is vested by the constitution with the sole authority of deciding when appeals may be taken from interlocutory orders. Article V, section 4(b)(1) expressly provides that district courts of appeal “may review interlocutory orders in such eases to the extent provided by rules adopted by the supreme court.” This Court has not adopted any appellate rule which permits the type of interlocutory appeal sought by petitioners.
Furthermore, we hold that Florida Rule of Juvenile Procedure 8.220(f) does not create a right to interlocutory appeal. This rule provides:
(f) After a hearing at which a judge enters an order waiving jurisdiction and certifying a child for trial as an adult, adjudicating a child delinquent, dependent, or ungovernable, or a disposition order, he shall forthwith inform the child, his parents or custodians concerning the right of appeal therefrom, including the time allowed by law for taking an appeal.
By this rule, we did not create an immediate right to appeal from the waiver order before the juvenile is transferred into the criminal justice system. Rather, in promulgating this rule, we only intended that a child, his parents, or custodians be informed that there was a right to appeal the waiver order. In the absence of an appellate rule providing for interlocutory appeal, this rule means that the child, his parents, or custodians should be informed of the child’s right to appeal the waiver order in the event there is a final judgment adjudicating guilt or an order granting probation, whether or not guilt has been adjudicated. The First District’s decision in G. A. v. State is disapproved insofar as it holds that Florida Rule of Juvenile Procedure 8.220(f) creates a right of interlocutory appeal.
We need not discuss the merits of permitting such interlocutory appeals which are alluded to by the First District in G. A. v. State or the merits of not permitting such interlocutory appeals. It is sufficient to say that this Court has not adopted a rule allowing interlocutory appeal of orders of the juvenile court waiving juvenile jurisdiction.
Accordingly, the decision of the District Court of Appeal, Fifth District, is approved.
It is so ordered.
BOYD, OVERTON and McDONALD, JJ., concur. .Florida Rule of Appellate Procedure 9.140(b) provides:
(b) Appeals by Defendant.
(1) Appeals Permitted. A defendant may appeal:
(A) A final judgment adjudicating guilt;
(B) An order granting probation, whether or not guilt has been adjudicated;
(C) Orders entered after final judgment or finding of guilt, including orders revoking or modifying probation;
(D) An illegal sentence; and
(E) A sentence when required or permitted by general law.
A defendant may not appeal from a judgment entered upon a plea of guilty; nor may a defendant appeal from a judgment entered upon a plea of nolo contendere without an express reservation of the right of appeal from a prior order of the lower tribunal, identifying with particularly the point of law being reserved.
. Section 39.09(2)(e) provides:
(e) Any decision to transfer for criminal prosecution shall be in writing and shall include consideration of, and findings of fact with respect to, each of the foregoing criteria. The court shall render an order including a specific finding of fact and the reasons for a decision to impose adult sanctions. The order shall be reviewable on appeal pursuant to s. 39.14 and the Florida Appellate Rules.
. Section 39.14(1) provides:
(1) Any child, and any parent or legal custodian of any child, affected by an order of the court may appeal to the appropriate district court of appeal within the time and in the manner prescribed by the Florida Appellate Rules.
SUNDBERG, Chief Justice,
dissenting:
For the reasons expressed in G. A. v. State, 391 So. 2d 720 (Fla. 1st DCA 1980), I would approve that decision and disapprove the decision in the instant cases.
ADKINS, J., dissents and concurs with SUNDBERG, C. J.
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Cited By (26 total)
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State v. C.C., 476 So. 2d 144 (Fla. 1985)…of judgment or order, the question of whether the review may be had before final judgment must be resolved by determining whether such interlocutory appeal is authorized by rule of this Court. [*148] Art. V, § 4(b)(1), Fla. Const.; R.J.B. v. State, 408 So. 2d 1048 (Fla.1982). ALDERMAN, J., concurs. . Sections 924.07 and 924.071, Florida Statutes (1981), provide as follows: 924.07 Appeal by state —The state may appeal from: (1) An order dismissing an indictment or information or any count thereof; (2) An…1 / 2
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State v. C.C., 449 So. 2d 280 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983)…y appeals from non-final orders in “criminal cases,” as stated in the very title of Fla.R.App.P. 9.140. As we have seen,5 however, “criminal” cases do not include juvenile proceedings.6 State v. D.H., 340 So. 2d 1163 (Fla.1976); see R.J.B. v. State, 408 So. 2d 1048 (Fla.1982); compare Chapter 39 with Chapter 924, Fla.Stat. (1981). Moreover, since, as I believe, the supreme court has not generally provided for review of any interlocutory orders in these cases, I think it unwise and perhaps impermissible for us…1 / 2
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State v. Gaines, 770 So. 2d 1221 (Fla. 2000)…e. [*1225] Until and unless the Supreme Court of Florida adopts such a statute as its own ... the purported enactment is void. 260 So. 2d at 491 (quoting State v. Smith, 254 So. 2d 402, 404 (Fla. 1st DCA 1971)). Ten years later in R.J.B. v. State, 408 So. 2d 1048, 1050 (Fla.1982), we held another statute unconstitutional that we construed to authorize a juvenile to take an immediate appeal of an order waiving the juvenile court’s jurisdiction and authorizing the juvenile to be tried as an adult. In R.J.B., w…
Previewing 3 of 26 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Jollie v. State, 405 So. 2d 418 (Fla. 1981)
- State v. Smith, 260 So. 2d 489 (Fla. 1972)
- In the Interest of R. J. B. v. State, 394 So. 2d 126 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980)
- G.A. v. State, 391 So. 2d 720 (Fla. 1st DCA 1980)
- Lyons v. State, 388 So. 2d 1094 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980)
- D. A. D. v. State, 389 So. 2d 351 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980)