WILLIAM KIRSCH, PETITIONER,
v.
BARBARA A. GREADINGTON, CHAIRPERSON, J. MITCHELL, CLERK, AND FLORIDA PAROLE & PROBATION COMMISSION, RESPONDENTS
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Habeas corpus is not the proper remedy for challenging the Florida Parole and Probation Commission's action regarding parole release dates, as there is no inherent right to parole in Florida.
[1] Habeas corpus relief requires a showing of a right or entitlement to immediate release from custody.
[2] The Florida Parole and Probation Commission's decision to authorize an effective parole release date lies within its sound discretion.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAn inmate sought habeas corpus relief, alleging the Parole and Probation Commission improperly denied his parole release date based on psychiatric eva…
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PER CURIAM.
Petitioner, an inmate housed in Florida State Hospital, seeks habeas corpus relief from Florida Parole and Probation Commission action, declining to authorize an effective parole release date (EPRD), § 947.-174(6), and extending his presumptive parole release date (PPRD) 13 months. Kirsch alleges the action was based on a finding that he needs continued in-patient treatment for depression, suicidal thinking and hallucinations, evidenced in a June 3, 1982 psychiatric evaluation. He claims that he should have been released on parole on June 8, 1982, his originally established PPRD.
I.
In our opinion, even if the Commission action extending Kirsch’s PPRD 13 months is illegal, this does not mean the inmate is entitled to immediate release from incarceration. While we are aware of conflict with other districts,1 we are com pelled to follow cases which have found there is no right to parole in Florida.2 Ha-beas corpus relief requires showing a right or entitlement to immediate release from custody. The Supreme Court of Florida, having treated a petition for writ of habeas corpus as one for a writ of mandamus, stated,
The writ itself ... would not command the respondent’s discretion, but rather would compel the respondent to exercise its discretion as to the granting or denial of parole without consideration of [unconstitutional] convictions.
Moore v. Florida Parole and Probation Commission, 289 So. 2d 719, 720 (Fla.1974). Accordingly, habeas corpus is not an available remedy for improper action by the Commission.
Further, the placement of an inmate on parole on the date his PPRD arrives, or legally should have arrived, is not automatic. Section 947.174(6) requires the Commission, at least 46 days prior to arrival of the PPRD, to decide whether it will authorize an EPRD, a decision which appears to lie within the sound discretion of the Commission. See Gobie v. Florida Parole and Probation Commission, 416 So. 2d 838 (Fla. 1st DCA 1982). Additionally, § 947.18 requires the Commission to make a finding of reasonable probability that, if [the inmate] is placed on parole, he will live and conduct himself as a respectable and law-abiding person and that his release will be compatible with his own welfare and the welfare of society.
See Gobie, supra, and Moats v. Florida Parole and Probation Commission, 419 So. 2d 775 (Fla. 1st DCA 1982). Ordering the release by habeas corpus of an inmate when his PPRD arrives or should have arrived would prevent the Commission from exercising its discretion in the parole grant process. We decline to circumvent statutorily prescribed procedures.
II.
In Daniels v. Florida Parole and Probation Commission, 401 So. 2d 1351 (Fla. 1st DCA 1981), we recognized that the Commission’s final action should be judicially reviewed under § 120.68 of the Administrative Procedure Act. The effect of this decision has been to restore to the mandamus action its original purpose of compelling a public officer to perform a ministerial duty, subject to the judicially imposed restraints of exhausting one’s administrative remedies and of having no adequate legal remedy.
Thereafter, in Holman v. Florida Parole and Probation Commission, 407 So. 2d 638 (Fla. 1st DCA 1982), we indicated that review of Commission action by mandamus will not lie when a § 120.68 appeal is available. We stated that petitions for extraordinary writs that state the date of final agency action and that are filed here or with the Commission, within 30 days of the final action, Fla.R.App.P. 9.110(c), would be treated as notices of appeal and the cause would be considered on its merits. If the inmate, whose petition for extraordinary writ was denied under Holman, shows that there has been final action and that he filed his petition within 30 days of that action, we permit an appeal to proceed.
In this case, while Kirsch alleges he has exhausted his administrative remedies, he does not allege he sought and received a § 947.173 review of the Commission action extending his PPRD 13 months. Further, he does not state the date of such final action. Therefore, we dismiss this petition for writ of habeas corpus, without prejudice to petitioner to file for rehearing and affirmatively show he has invoked the jurisdiction of this court by filing his petition within 30 days of the Commission action at his § 947.173 review.
MILLS, ERVIN and WIGGINTON, JJ., concur. . See Daizi v. Turner, - So. 2d -(Fla. 4th DCA 1982) [1982 FLW 2523]; Taylor v. Wainwright, 418 So. 2d 1095 (Fla. 5th DCA 1982); Lowe v. Florida Parole and Probation Commission, 416 So. 2d 470 (Fla. 2d DCA 1982); Jenrette v. Wainwrigbt, 410 So. 2d 575 (Fla. 3d DCA 1982); Roberson v. Florida Parole and Probation Commission, 407 So. 2d 1044 (Fla. 3d DCA 1981); and Hardy v. Greadington, 405 So. 2d 768 (Fla. 5th DCA 1981). In Jenrette, supra, the Third District Court of Appeal granted habeas corpus, directing Wainwright to release the inmate from custody because his PPRD had been calculated in reliance on an uncounselled conviction. In Taylor, supra, the Fifth District Court of Appeal granted habeas corpus, “subject to the standard provisions of parole in such cases,” because the Commission had placed petitioner’s offense characteristic in a higher matrix time range than it should have been. In Daizi, the Fourth District also granted habeas corpus, subject to parole provisions. Based on its interpretation of § 947.165(1) and Rule 23-19.03 that the Commission may not use factors relied on in arriving at the salient factor score to aggravate the applicable matrix time range, the court invalidated an aggravation for a concurrent conviction, which the Commission was authorized to impose under Rule 23-19.01(5).
. See Ivory v. Wainwright, 393 So. 2d 542, 544 (Fla.1981); Moore v. Florida Parole and Probation Commission, 289 So. 2d 719, 720 (Fla. 1974); Gobie v. Florida Parole and Probation Commission, 416 So. 2d 838, 840 (Fla. 1st DCA 1982); Arnett v. State, 397 So. 2d 330, 332 (Fla. 1st DCA 1981); Staton v. Wainwright, 665 F. 2d 686, 687 (5th Cir.1982). See also Ch. 82-171, § 2, Laws of Florida.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
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Fla. Parole & Prob. Comm'n v. Paige, 462 So. 2d 817 (Fla. 1985)…§§ 947.16(4), 947.173(3); Jackson v. Florida Parole and Probation Commission, 424 So. 2d 930 (Fla. 1st DCA 1983). Placement of the inmate on parole on the date of his presumptive parole release date, however, is not automatic. Kirsch v. Greadington, 425 So. 2d 153 (Fla. 1st DCA 1983). Prior to the arrival of this date, inmates are given a final interview and review in order to establish an effective release date after which the Commission must determine “whether or not to authorize the effective parole releas…
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Shannon v. Anabel P. Mitchell, 460 So. 2d 910 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984)…ement to immediate release is claimed. We agree that our opinions in this case and in Fuller v. Wainwright, 458 So. 2d 1131 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984), directly conflict with the First and Fifth District Courts of Appeal decisions of Kirsch v. Greadington, 425 So. 2d 153 (Fla. 1st DCA 1983) and Pannier v. Wainwright, 423 So. 2d 533 (Fla. 5th DCA 1982). We therefore grant the Commission’s motion to certify that the inter-district conflict demonstrated by this opinion and the above decisions requires immediate conside…
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Bronson v. Fla. Parole & Prob. Comm'n, 474 So. 2d 409 (Fla. 1st DCA 1985)…SMITH, SHIVERS and WIGGINTON, JJ., concur. .' Since appellant has failed to show that he is entitled to immediate release, habeas corpus is not an available remedy and his petition is properly treated as a writ of mandamus. Kirsch v. Greadington, 425 So. 2d 153 (Fla. 1st DCA 1983).…
Previewing 3 of 6 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited (14 total)
- Daniels v. Fla. Parole & Prob. Comm'n, 401 So. 2d 1351 (Fla. 1st DCA 1981)
- Rayfield Moore v. Fla. Parole & Prob. Comm'n, 289 So. 2d 719 (Fla. 1974)
- Staton v. Louie L. Wainwright and Maurice G. Crockett, 665 F.2d 686 (5th Cir. 1982)
- Arnett v. State, 397 So. 2d 330 (Fla. 1st DCA 1981)
- Gobie v. Fla. Parole & Prob. Comm'n, 416 So. 2d 838 (Fla. 1st DCA 1982)
- Taylor v. Louie L. Wainwright, 418 So. 2d 1095 (Fla. 5th DCA 1982)
- Hardy v. Greadington, 405 So. 2d 768 (Fla. 5th DCA 1981)
- Holman v. Fla. Parole & Prob. Comm'n, 407 So. 2d 638 (Fla. 1st DCA 1981)
- Ivory v. Louie L. Wainwright, 393 So. 2d 542 (Fla. 1980)
- In re The Est. OF Stephen Ciccorella v. Arleigh P. Ciccorella, 407 So. 2d 1044 (Fla. 3d DCA 1981)