FREDERICK THOMAS CIROU AND HOLYOKE MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY, APPELLANTS,
v.
JOSEPH BASLER, THE MIAMI INTERNATIONAL BOAT SHOW, INC., THE CITY OF MIAMI BEACH AND ALL STAR SECURITY SERVICES, INC., APPELLEES
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Cirou was detained at a boat show while attempting to leave with an item he purchased from an exhibitor in violation of show rules. He sued for unlawful detention and battery, while Basler countered for assault and negligence. The trial court directed verdicts for all defendants, but the appellate court reversed, finding factual disputes that should have gone to the jury on the battery claim.
The court reversed the directed verdict on the battery claim because conflicting evidence about excessive force should have been submitted to the jury. The court also reversed the grant of a new trial on the negligence counterclaim because the jury verdict was supported by evidence and granting the new trial constituted abuse of discretion. The directed verdict for All Star Security was affirmed because no evidence supported an assault or battery claim against their agent Farrah.
[1] A directed verdict is improper where evidence exists that tends to support a claim for battery due to the use of excessive force in effecting an arrest, even if the evide…
[2] The existence of an agency relationship is ordinarily a question of fact to be determined by the jury.
Previewing 2 of 5 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“Where there was evidence tending to support the plaintiff's claim for battery owing to the use of excessive force in effecting an arrest, even though conflicting and susceptible to different inferences, the case should have been submitted to the jury and not passed upon by the judge as a matter of law.”
Establishes the standard for when conflicting evidence on excessive force must go to jury rather than being decided by directed verdict.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceCirou purchased metal polish from a boat show exhibitor despite an internal rule prohibiting sales. As he attempted to leave, security officer Nancy F…
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FERGUSON, Judge.
Appellee/Cirou was a patron at a Miami Beach Convention Center exhibit sponsored by defendant, Miami International Boat Show, Inc. The show had an internal rule which prohibited exhibitors from selling wares on the floor. In violation of that rule, one of the exhibitors sold to plaintiff a boxed tube of metal polish and gave him a receipt as proof of purchase. As plaintiff attempted to leave the building with the purchased item in hand, he was confronted by Nancy Farrah, vice-president of defendant, All Star Security. It became obvious to Farrah that plaintiff was not going to remain in the convention center while she conducted an investigation, so she called defendant/Lieutenant Basler for assistance using a two-way radio. Lieutenant Basler arrived promptly.
The evidence after that point is, in most respects, wildly conflicting.
Cirou commenced this action claiming that he was unlawfully detained, dragged into a back room, and physically beaten because he refused to remain on the convention premises or to go with Basler into a back room for the purpose of explaining the circumstances of his possessing goods which were on exhibition. Lieutenant Basler counter-claimed alleging assault and battery, and negligence by Cirou in resisting arrest which caused injury to Basler. After a five-day jury trial, the court directed a verdict for all the defendants on all counts of the complaint and granted a directed verdict on all counts of the counterclaim except the negligence claim. The jury swiftly returned with a verdict for plaintiff on the counterclaim. Defendant/counterplaintiff’s motion for a new trial was granted.
This appeal challenges the granting of a directed verdict in favor of all the defendants and the granting of a new trial on the negligence count of the counterclaim.1
Where there was evidence tending to support the plaintiff’s claim for battery owing to the use of excessive force in effecting an arrest,2 even though conflicting and susceptible to different inferences, the case should have been submitted to the jury and not passed upon by the judge as a matter of law. Hendricks v. Dailey, 208 So. 2d 101 (Fla.1968); Dandashi v. Fine, 397 So. 2d 442 (Fla. 3d DCA 1981); Behar v. Root, 393 So. 2d 1169 (Fla. 3d DCA 1981). There was also evidence which tended to show that Lieutenant Basler was an employee of the Boat Show and that the Boat Show was vicariously responsible for his conduct.
The evidence further suggests, although weakly, that Lieutenant Basler was acting within the scope of his regular employment as a City of Miami Beach police officer when he arrested Cirou. The existence of an agency relationship is ordinarily a question to be determined by the jury as an issue of fact. Scott v. Sun Bank of Volusia County, 408 So. 2d 591 (Fla. 5th DCA 1981); Amerven, Inc. v. Abbadie, 238 So. 2d 321 (Fla. 3d DCA 1970).
For the same reason it was error to direct a verdict on the battery claim; it was also error to decide as a matter of law that Basler was an independent contractor. The order granting a new trial on the defendant/Basler’s counterclaim fails to set forth express reasons which will support the finding that the verdict is against the manifest weight of the evidence as is required. Baptist Memorial Hospital, Inc. v. Bell, 384 So. 2d 145 (Fla.1980).
Nevertheless, we have reviewed the record and find that it fails to affirmatively demonstrate an impropriety of the verdict. To the contrary, the jury verdict on defendant’s counterclaim for negligence is amply supported by the evidence; thus, it constituted an abuse of discretion to grant a new trial. Laird v. Potter, 367 So. 2d 642 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979).
There was not the slightest evidence tending to prove that All Star’s agent, Nancy Farrah, assaulted or battered the plaintiff. The directed verdict for the defendant/All Star Security Services, Inc. was therefore mandated. Swilley v. Economy Cab Co. of Jacksonville, 56 So. 2d 914 (Fla. 1951).
Affirmed in part, reversed in part, and remanded for further proceedings.
. There is no cross-appeal by Basler from the granting of a directed verdict on the count of the counterclaim based on assault and battery.
. The cause of action for “negligent detention”, which set forth the elements of a false imprisonment, was, for unexplained reasons, abandoned during the course of trial.
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Jaar v. The Univ. OF Miami, 474 So. 2d 239 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985)…BARKDULL, Judge, dissenting. I respectfully dissent. I would grant the rehearing en banc and affirm the judgment on the jury verdict in favor of the University of Miami. The question of agency is normally a jury question. Cirou v. Basler, 432 So. 2d 628 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983); Bernstein v. Dwork, 320 So. 2d 472 (Fla. 3d DCA 1975); Financial Fire & Casualty Company v. Southmost Vegetable Cooperative Association, 212 So. 2d 69 (Fla. 3d DCA 1968). It was properly submitted to the jury under the issues as…
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Keene v. Chicago Bridge & Iron Co., 596 So. 2d 700 (Fla. 1st DCA 1992)…judge in this case has substituted his judgment for that of the jury, a practice that cannot be permitted. Oakes v. Pittsburg Corning Corp., 546 So. 2d 427. See also Ashcroft v. Calder Race Course, Inc., 492 So. 2d 1309 (Fla.1986); Cirou v. Basler, 432 So. 2d 628 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983); Lopez v. Cohen, 406 So. 2d 1253 (Fla. 4th DCA 1981). B. The third ground of the motion adopted in the order granting a new trial simply recites that “the jury was influenced by prejudice, sympathy, ... or some other improper ca…
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AVIS Rent-A-Car Sys., Inc. v. Abrahantes, 517 So. 2d 25 (Fla. 3d DCA 1987)…of the prior ruling by Judge Herin, of which we now disapprove. As to the question of independent contractor, we think under the evidence this was a jury question. Orlando Executive Park, Inc. v. Robbins, 433 So. 2d 491 (Fla.1983); Cirou v. Basler, 432 So. 2d 628 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983). As to the altered jury instruction, we find that the modified standard jury instruction, as given by the trial court, was a correct statement of the law under the facts of this cause. See Lee v. American Family Life Assurance Co…
Previewing 3 of 13 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Baptist Mem'l Hosp., Inc. v. Bell, 384 So. 2d 145 (Fla. 1980)
- Hendricks v. Dailey, 208 So. 2d 101 (Fla. 1968)
- Swilley v. Econ. Cab Co. of Jacksonville, 56 So. 2d 914 (Fla. 1951)
- Salem Dandashi and Mansham Dandashi v. Fine, 397 So. 2d 442 (Fla. 3d DCA 1981)
- Laird v. Potter, 367 So. 2d 642 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979)
- Bart M. Behar v. Root, 393 So. 2d 1169 (Fla. 3d DCA 1981)
- Amerven, Inc. v. Abbadie, 238 So. 2d 321 (Fla. 3d DCA 1970)
- Scott v. SUN Bank OF Volusia Cnty., 408 So. 2d 591 (Fla. 5th DCA 1981)