A.O., A JUVENILE, APPELLANT,
v.
THE STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
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A juvenile adjudicated dependent appealed his subsequent delinquency adjudication based on contempt of the court's dependency order requiring school attendance. The court held that a dependent child can be adjudicated delinquent for violating conditions of a dependency order, and certified the case to the Florida Supreme Court as involving a question of great public importance.
Yes. A juvenile adjudicated dependent can be adjudicated delinquent based upon a finding of contempt of court for violating the conditions of a previous dependency order. Section 39.01(8), Florida Statutes expressly authorizes a petition for delinquency upon a finding of contempt of court.
[1] A juvenile may be adjudicated delinquent based upon a finding of contempt for violating a court order to attend school, even if truancy itself is not listed as a direct b…
[2] A court order to attend school, as part of a dependency adjudication, can be the basis for a contempt finding.
Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“Since the juvenile cannot dispute the finding of contempt, see R.M.P. v. Jones, supra, we find no merit to his contention that an adjudication of delinquency is improper.”
The court's holding that contempt is an available basis for delinquency adjudication under the statute
Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceA.O. was previously adjudicated dependent with court-ordered conditions including school attendance, curfew compliance, and obedience to his mother. W…
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PER CURIAM.
The juvenile pled nolo coiitendere to a petition for adjudication of delinquency, specifically reserving the right to appeal the question of whether a dependent can be adjudicated delinquent based upon a violation of a court order to attend school. We answer in the affirmative.
The child had previously been adjudicated dependent with the special terms that he: (a) attend school; (b) obey an established curfew; and (c) obey his mother’s reasonable demands. When it appeared that he had failed to attend school, the state petitioned for a determination of delinquency charging that the juvenile was in contempt of the court’s dependency order. While the dependent acknowledges that he may be held in contempt for violation of the conditions of his dependency, R.M.P. v. Jones, 419 So. 2d 618 (Fla.1982), he contends that he may not be adjudicated delinquent.
It is true that Section 39.01(9), Florida Statutes (1981) provides that truancy is a basis for a finding of dependency and Section 39.01(8), Florida Statutes (1981) does not describe it as a basis for an adjudication of delinquency. However, Section 39.01(8) expressly authorizes a petition for delinquency upon a finding of contempt of court. Since the juvenile cannot dispute the finding of contempt, see R.M.P. v. Jones, supra, we find no merit to his contention that an adjudication of delinquency is improper.1
We hereby certify to the Supreme Court of Florida, as provided for in Article V, Section 3(b)(4) of the Constitution of Flori da, as a means of bringing this cause within the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of Florida, that the decision of this court in this cause passes upon a question of great public importance, that is: whether a juvenile may be adjudicated delinquent based upon a finding of contempt for violation of a previous order adjudicating him a dependent.
Affirmed.
. We have considered Judge Jorgenson’s thoughtful dissent but nonetheless respectfully disagree. The alternative to the proceeding suggested by the majority is for the state to commence another dependency proceeding with the probable outcome being that the court will impose the same conditions as those which have already been violated. We are of the view that the legislature intentionally designed Section 39.01 to avoid such a cumbersome procedure and to allow remedial action to be taken before it is too late to be of assistance to the juvenile and society. Nor do we share Judge Jorgenson’s concern that the procedure approved by the majority necessarily means that the next time a dependent child becomes involved with the law it will result in criminal sanctions. The answer is that the juvenile can avoid criminal sanctions by complying with the dependency order. We realize that neither the majority’s nor Judge Jorgenson’s alternative presents a happy answer to this delicate problem. We are persuaded, however, to follow what we perceive to be the legislative solution.
JORGENSON, Judge,
dissenting.
I respectfully dissent. I do not agree that a child found guilty of contempt may be adjudicated a delinquent when the basis for that finding is a violation of an order entered during a dependency proceeding.1 See J.M.J. v. State, 389 So. 2d 1208 (Fla. 1st DCA 1980). I do not believe that a conced-edly dependent child should face a criminal sanction for what could best be characterized as a status offense. See 389 So. 2d at 1210.
A.O., fifteen years old at the time of this adjudication, now faces a potential four years of incarceration in institutions populated by young offenders who have committed real crimes; all this for the “crime” of not going to school. Such a result was not intended by the legislature. See 389 So. 2d at 1210. I would accordingly reverse and remand with directions to vacate the adjudication of delinquency and for further proceedings pursuant to section 39.41, Florida Statutes (1981).2
. The record does not reflect whether the dependency proceeding which occasioned the go-to-school order afforded A.O. due process safeguards. See In re Gault, 387 U.S. 1, 87 S.Ct. 1428, 18 L.Ed.2d 527 (1967); see also In Re Winship, 397 U.S. 358, 90 S.Ct. 1068, 25 L.Ed.2d 368 (1970).
. I join the majority in the certified question.
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A.O. v. State, 456 So. 2d 1173 (Fla. 1984)…BOYD, Chief Justice. We have for review a district court of appeal decision, A.O. v. State, 433 So. 2d 22 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983), in which, pursuant to article Y, section 3(b)(4), Florida Constitution, the court certified the following question of great public importance: [WJhether a juvenile may be adjudicated delinquent based upon a finding of contempt f…
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Dep't OF Health & Rehabilitative Servs. v. State, 447 So. 2d 359 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984)…e by a curfew and absconded, the trial court entered an order revoking community control, adjudicating M.H. delinquent, and committing her to the Department for an undetermined time. The State contends that this case is controlled by A.O. v. State, 433 So. 2d 22, 23 (Fla. 3rd DCA 1983), review pending, No. 63,974 (Fla. July 18, 1983), in which the Third District Court of Appeal held that a juvenile may be adjudicated delinquent based upon a finding of contempt for violating a condition of a previous order a…
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Authorities Cited
- In re Winship, 397 U.S. 358 (U.S. 1970)
- In re Gault, 387 U.S. 1 (U.S. 1967)
- R. M. P. v. Carlton Jones, 419 So. 2d 618 (Fla. 1982)
- J. M. J. v. State, 389 So. 2d 1208 (Fla. 1st DCA 1980)