HARLOW J. KIES AND DORIS KIES, HIS WIFE, APPELLANTS,
v.
FLORIDA INSURANCE GUARANTY ASSOCIATION, INC., APPELLEE
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A party's right to a jury trial on insurance coverage issues, properly raised in pleadings, is not waived by acquiescence to a non-jury trial on a severed coverage issue, especially when that issue is identical to one raised in affirmative defenses.
[1] A party does not waive the right to a jury trial by acquiescing to a non-jury trial on coverage issues raised in a cross-claim and counterclaim when the issues are identi…
[2] A trial court may sever the issue of insurance coverage for separate trial, but such severance does not deprive a party of the right to a jury trial on issues properly tr…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligencePlaintiffs sued for injuries from a dog bite, alleging the dog was used for business protection and covered by a liability policy. The insurer, FIGA, …
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ORFINGER, Chief Judge.
The issue we consider on this appeal is whether appellants were improperly denied a trial by jury on the question of insurance coverage when the trial court severed that question for separate trial. We hold that they were, and we reverse.
This is another case of dog biting man. Plaintiffs alleged in substance that Harlow J. Kies, a letter carrier, was injured when he was bitten by a dog owned by defendants Ronald Halfacre and Patty Halfacre, his wife; that Ronald Half acre owned a business known as Custom Drywall, that he owned the dog in connection with said busi ness, taking the dog with him to job sites to protect tools and material; that while the dog was so being used by defendant, plaintiff suffered the unprovoked attack; that Custom Drywall was protected by a policy of liability insurance under which plaintiff was a third party beneficiary, and for which defendant Florida Insurance Guaranty Association, Inc. (FIGA) was liable because the original insurer had become insolvent. Plaintiffs made a timely demand for a jury trial on all issues triable by jury.
FIGA answered the complaint, admitted the existence of the insurance policy in question and that it was in effect on the date of the incident, but denied that the policy covered the incident because the insured was not engaged in the insured hazard (lathing) at the time it occurred. Simultaneously, FIGA filed a cross-claim against Halfacre and a counterclaim against the plaintiffs, in each pleading seeking a declaratory judgment that the insurance policy did not cover the dog bite for which plaintiff claimed damages. The basis for the relief sought in both the cross-claim and the counterclaim was the same as was raised in the affirmative defense to the complaint, that the insured was not engaged in the insured hazard.
Granting the insurer’s motion to sever the coverage issue, the court set the coverage issue for trial without a jury, and following the trial entered judgment for FIGA, holding that there was no coverage. This appeal follows from the final judgment dismissing the action against FIGA. Appellants raise several issues, but only one requires our attention. They contend that the court could not deprive them of a trial by jury in the absence of their express waiver of that right, and that this right was not waived. Appellants appear to be correct in that position, so we reverse for a jury trial.
Once appellants properly and timely made a demand for jury trial in their pleading, it required affirmative action on their part such as a written waiver or an announcement in open court to waive that constitutional right. Their right was not waived by acquiescence to a non-jury trial on the coverage issues raised by the cross-claim and counterclaim. Barth v. Florida State Constructors Service, Inc., 327 So. 2d 13 (Fla.1976); Van Prooyen v. Maples, 403 So. 2d 509 (Fla. 5th DCA 1981).
Those issues were identical to the issue of coverage raised in FIGA’s affirmative defenses to the complaint and were legal issues determinable in a jury trial. The resolution of the cross-claim and counterclaim turned on facts which were common to the claim raised by the amended complaint and the affirmative defense.
The trial court should not have entertained a separate action for declaratory judgment on an issue properly raised in the pleadings in the main action, and already before the court. See Taylor v. Cooper, 60 So. 2d 534 (Fla.1952); Fox v. State Board of Osteopathic Medical Examiners, 395 So. 2d 192 (Fla. 1st DCA 1981); Adams v. Citizens Bank of Brevard, 248 So. 2d 682 (Fla. 4th DCA 1971).
While we recognize the right of the trial court to sever the issue of insurance coverage and try that issue separately, Fla.R.Civ.P. 1.270(b); Beta Eta House Corporation, Inc. of Tallahassee v. Gregory, 237 So. 2d 163 (Fla.1970); Stecher v. Pomeroy, 253 So. 2d 421 (Fla.1971), such severance does not deprive a party of a right to jury trial on issues properly triable before a jury, and the trial court should not have permitted the cross-claim and counterclaim on the coverage issue to be used as a device to deprive appellants of their right to a jury trial on that issue.
It does seem strange that we must reverse the judgment below in the absence of any objection by the appellant to the non-jury proceedings (at least none appears in the record before us), but we are constrained to do so here, as we were in Van Prooyen, on the authority of Barth.
The final judgment is reversed and the cause is remanded for further proceedings consistent herewith.
REVERSED and REMANDED.
DAUKSCH and FRANK D. UP-CHURCH, Jr., JJ., concur.
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Torrence v. State, 440 So. 2d 392 (Fla. 5th DCA 1983)…e must be an express waiver of the right to these instructions by the defendant, and the record must reflect that it was knowingly and intelligently made.” Compare also the recent 5th DCA case of Kies v. Florida Insurance Guaranty Association, Inc., 435 So. 2d 410 (Fla. 5th DCA 1983), which held that, after the plaintiffs in a civil case made a timely demand for a jury trial, acquiescence to, and full participation in, a complete non-jury trial without any objection [*403] created no estoppel- and constituted…
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State of Fla. Dep't OF Env't Prot. v. Garcia, 99 So. 3d 539 (Fla. 3d DCA 1989)…ot entertain an action for declaratory judgment on issues which are properly raised in other counts of the pleadings and already before the court, through which plaintiff can secure full, adequate and complete relief); Kies v. Fla. Ins. Guar. Ass’n, 435 So. 2d 410, 411 (Fla. 5th DCA 1983) (finding that trial court should not have entertained a separate action for declaratory judgment on an issue properly raised in the pleadings in the main action and already before the court). Here, the only issue presented…
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McINTOSH v. Harbour Club Villas Condo. Ass'n, 468 So. 2d 1075 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985)…ry judgment on issues which are properly raised in other counts of the pleadings and already before the court, through which the plaintiff will be able to secure full, adequate and complete relief. See Kies v. Florida Insurance Guaranty Association, 435 So. 2d 410, 411 (Fla. 5th DCA 1983). In the present case, the plaintiffs have pending before the court actions for breach of contract, quasi contract, breach of confidential relationship and imposition of a constructive trust. Resolution of the issue in those…
Previewing 3 of 9 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Beta ETA House Corp. v. Gregory, 237 So. 2d 163 (Fla. 1970)
- In re Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure, 253 So. 2d 421 (Fla. 1971)
- Adams v. Citizens Bank OF Brevard, 248 So. 2d 682 (Fla. 4th DCA 1971)
- Barth v. Fla. State Constructors Serv., Inc., 327 So. 2d 13 (Fla. 1976)
- Taylor v. Cooper, 60 So.2d 534 (Fla. 1952)
- FOX v. State, 395 So. 2d 192 (Fla. 1st DCA 1981)
- State v. Petersen, 403 So. 2d 509 (Fla. 4th DCA 1981)
- van Prooyen v. Maples, 403 So. 2d 509 (Fla. 5th DCA 1981)