STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLANT,
v.
WILLIAM HENRY BAKER, APPELLEE
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Florida appealed a trial court's order granting a new trial after a witness volunteered testimony that the defendant shot at him in addition to the charged crime of shooting at a doctor. The appellate court reversed, holding that the similar fact evidence was properly admissible because it was relevant to material issues in the trial, and that even though volunteered, it was not legally prejudicial.
The similar fact evidence was properly admissible because it was relevant to material facts in issue, including whether Baker had a gun, his state of mind, and possibly his consciousness of guilt. Although the testimony was volunteered and unresponsive, it was not legally prejudicial because it was admissible evidence. The trial court erred in granting a new trial.
[1] Evidence of a defendant's commission of crimes, wrongs, or bad acts, other than that for which they are being tried, is admissible if relevant to prove a material fact in…
[2] Volunteered, unresponsive testimony concerning prior bad acts is not legally prejudicial if the testimony is otherwise admissible.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“Evidence of a defendant's commission of crimes, wrongs, or bad acts, other than that for which he is being tried, is admissible if the evidence is relevant to prove any material fact in issue in the trial and is not offered merely to show the bad character or propensity of the defendant to commit the crime charged.”
Establishes the legal standard for admissibility of similar fact evidence under Florida law
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceWilliam Henry Baker was accused of shooting at Doctor Austin. At trial, witness Kenneth Bowen testified that he saw Baker get out of a pickup truck an…
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COWART, Judge.
This case involves the admissibility of similar fact evidence.
William Henry Baker was accused of being the man who got out of a certain pickup truck and shot at Doctor Austin. A witness at trial, Kenneth Bowen, testified that he was driving down Boggy Creek Road when he heard shots, saw a man get into the pickup truck and proceed ahead of him up Boggy Creek Road. Bowen said the truck stopped at a stop sign and that he saw Baker get out of the truck and that Bowen passed Baker and the truck. When Bowen was asked if Baker’s truck fell in behind him after he passed it, Bowen replied, “after he shot at me, yes.” At the time of this answer defense counsel made no objection or motion but at the close of the State’s case moved for a mistrial on the ground that Bowen had improperly testified to an unrelated crime committed by Baker.
The trial court denied the motion for mistrial and, in his case, Baker testified he did not shoot at Doctor Austin or Bowen and did not have a gun at the time in question. After Baker was found guilty by the jury the trial court granted his motion for a new trial based on Bowen’s answer being inadmissible and prejudicial and the State ap peals.
We reverse the order granting a new trial.
Evidence of a defendant’s commission of crimes, wrongs, or bad acts, other than that for which he is being tried, is admissible if the evidence is relevant to prove any material fact in issue in the trial and is not offered merely to show the bad character or propensity of the defendant to commit the crime charged. Williams v. State, 110 So. 2d 654 (Fla.1959), cert. denied, 361 U.S. 847, 80 S.Ct. 102, 4 L.Ed.2d 86 (1959); Hodges v. State, 403 So. 2d 1375 (Fla. 5th DCA 1981), rev. den., 413 So. 2d 877 (Fla.1982); § 90.404(2)(a), Fla.Stat. (1981).
It is true that here the similar fact evidence got before the jury not because the State intended to offer it but because the witness volunteered it. It is also true that Bowen’s answer was unresponsive in that he could have answered that Baker followed him without saying that Baker first shot at him.
Nevertheless the volunteered testimony was not legally prejudicial because it was properly admissible. This is because the testimony of Bowen as to being shot at by Baker, if believed, was probative to several relevant factual issues involved in the underlying trial, including whether Baker had a gun at the time and place in question, Baker’s state of mind at the time and place in question and, possibly, as to Baker’s consciousness of guilt if the jury inferred that Baker shot at Bowen because Bowen was a witness to Baker’s assault on Doctor Austin.
The trial court’s order granting a new trial indicates that Bowen’s reference to Baker’s shooting at Bowen may have violated a prior court instruction to Bowen not to volunteer testimony. If the witness Bowen willfully violated a lawful court order the proper remedy was a contempt charge against the witness and not the granting of a new trial because of the admission of evidence which we here hold to be properly admissible.
REVERSED AND REMANDED for further proceedings.
COBB and FRANK D. UPCHURCH, Jr., JJ., concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Cited By
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Jackson v. State, 522 So. 2d 802 (Fla. 1988)…the time and place in question. See Medina v. State, 466 So. 2d 1046, 1049 (Fla.1985); Ruffin, 397 So. 2d at 280-81; Shriner v. State, 386 So. 2d 525, 533 (Fla.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1103, 101 S.Ct. 899, 66 L.Ed.2d 829 (1981); State v. Baker, 441 So. 2d 1102, 1103 (Fla. 5th DCA 1983), pet. for review denied, 450 So. 2d 485 (Fla.1984); Lewis v. State, 369 So. 2d 667, 668 (Fla. 2d DCA 1979). In addition, the trial court admitted references to Jackson possessing weapons and bulletproof vests. We agree wit…
Authorities Cited
- Williams v. State, 110 So. 2d 654 (Fla. 1959)
- Williams v. Florida, 361 U.S. 847 (U.S. 1959)
- White v. Illinois, 361 U.S. 847 (U.S. 1959)
- Hodges v. State, 403 So. 2d 1375 (Fla. 5th DCA 1981)