LENNART J. FERM, MARY LOU GARRISON, AND KAREN L. CONWAY, APPELLANTS,
v.
JOHN M. SABA, JR., AND MARILYN M. SABA, APPELLEES

Fla. 2d DCA | 1983-12-28
No. 82-2821
GRIMES and CAMPBELL, JJ., concur.
444 So. 2d 976 Florida District Court of Appeal, Second District (1983) Positive Treatment
Cited by 12 cases

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Holding

The court held that while summary judgment was appropriate based on precedent, the sua sponte award of attorney fees under section 57.105 was unwarranted due to the existence of justiciable issues.


Headnotes

[1] A trial court may award attorney fees under section 57.105, Florida Statutes, only when an action is completely devoid of merit, both factually and legally, and is thus u…

[2] A sua sponte award of attorney fees under section 57.105 is unwarranted when the opposing party's lawsuit, while ultimately unsuccessful, was a reasonable course of actio…

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Facts & Procedural History

Appellants sought clear title to Gulf-front property and damages for slander of title. Appellees had previously acquired upland property and questione…

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Opinion of the Court
OTT, Chief Judge.

OTT, Chief Judge.

Appellants appeal from an order granting appellees’ motion for summary judgment. They also contend that the trial court erred in sua sponte awarding attorney fees of $43,500 to appellees under section 57.105, Florida Statutes (1981).

Appellants filed a two-count complaint, seeking: (1) a clear title to Lot 27, Block 18 of the Sarasota Beach Subdivision which is Gulf-front property on Siesta Key, and (2) to collect damages against appellee John Saba, Jr. (“Saba”), only for slander and disparagement of title.

In May, 1965, appellant Ferm acquired Lot 27. Appellees acquired Lot 6 of the Sarasota Beach Subdivision from Chester Newell and Lucia Newell in May, 1969. Lot 6 is located immediately upland of Lot 27. The Newells reserved a nonexclusive easement over Lot 6 for purposes of beach access. In July, 1969, the Newells exe cuted a quitclaim deed in favor of appel-lees, conveying any interest held by the Newells on property located between Lot 6 and the Gulf of Mexico. According to Chester Newell, it was appellees’ attorney’s idea to have the quitclaim deed drawn and executed. Apparently, appellees believed that Lot 27 had been completely submerged under the Gulf of Mexico, reappeared, and that, therefore, title to Lot 27 could have accreted to the record owners of Lot 6.1 In November, 1969, the easement was modified, granting the Newells a nonexclusive easement over the southerly three, feet of Lot 6 for purposes of ingress and egress to the waters of the Gulf. During the same month, appellees conveyed Lot 6 to Gene Stirling, Rebecca Stirling, and John Stirling by warranty deed. By quitclaim deed, appellees conveyed to the Stirlings their interest in the property between Lot 6 and the Gulf of Mexico. The aforementioned deeds and easements were recorded.

During 1979, appellant Ferm deeded Lot 27 to the joint names of the three appellants. Shortly thereafter, appellants’ agent applied for a variance from Sarasota County Ordinance 79-03, which prohibits construction seaward of the Coastal Construction Control Line. At a hearing before the Board of County Commissioners, appellee Saba, who was elected to the Board in 1971, queried whether appellants had good title to Lot 27. He noted his ownership of the upland property prior to becoming a member of the Board and his recollection of complete submersion of Lot 27 at one time. The variance application was subsequently denied.

Prior to filing this lawsuit, appellants acquired quitclaim deeds from appellees’ grantees as to any interest they held in property located seaward of Lot 6. Shortly after the suit was filed, appellant acquired quitclaim deeds from Chester Newell and’ Sun-Key Properties, Inc., as to any claims the easement holders might have over Lot 27 for purposes of ingress and egress to the Gulf of Mexico.

It should also be noted that considerable uncertainty existed among the bench, bar, and title insurance companies of Sarasota County, including appellee Saba’s attorney, as to the title of coastal lands that had been at any time submerged under the waters of the Gulf of Mexico. There was even some reservation concerning whether or not the law of this subject was settled by this court in Kruse.

As previously mentioned, the trial court granted appellees’ motion for summary judgment and awarded attorney fees of $43,500 to appellees. Although we do not disagree with the grant of summary judgment under the law of Kruse and the facts as developed by the parties’ extensive pretrial discovery, we do find error in the award of attorney fees.

Section 57.105 provides for the award of attorney fees to the prevailing party if the court determines that there is a “complete absence of a justiciable issue” raised by the opposing party. An award of fees under this section is proper only where the action is so clearly devoid of merit both on the facts and the law as to be completely untenable. Appenfeldt v. Quinn, 399 So. 2d 1026 (Fla. 2d DCA 1981). Because of the situation created by appellees, this lawsuit was not spurious and completely untenable. In fact, we believe that appellants chose the safest and perhaps only logical course of action to settle any lingering doubt as to the status of their ownership in Lot 27. We also note that even the question of whether appellee Saba slandered or disparaged the title to Lot 27 was not altogether frivolous. Appellees did not move for attorney fees prior to the trial court’s sua sponte grant of such fees nor did they move to dismiss the suit for failure to state a cause of action. Given the facts of this case, we feel the trial court’s sua sponte award of attorney fees under section 57.-105 was unwarranted. Accordingly, the award of attorney fees is hereby STRICKEN.

AFFIRMED as modified.

GRIMES and CAMPBELL, JJ., concur. . See generally Kruse v. Grokap, Inc., 349 So. 2d 788 (Fla. 2d DCA 1977), where another upland property owner in the Sarasota Beach Subdivision sought unsuccessfully to acquire title to seaward property by application of the doctrine of accretion.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Leolus L. Wall v. Dep't OF Transp. OF the State OF Fla., 455 So. 2d 1138 (Fla. 2d DCA 1984)
    …consistent with appellant’s original claim against the county. An award of attorney’s fees under section 57.105 is proper only where the action is so clearly devoid of merit both on the facts and the law as to be completely untenable. Ferm v. Saba, 444 So. 2d 976 (Fla. 2d DCA 1983); Appenfeldt v. Quinn, 399 So. 2d 1026 (Fla. 2d DCA 1981). The claim must be devoid of even arguable substance. Whitten v. Progressive Casualty Insurance Co., 410 So. 2d 501 (Fla.1982). We hold that appellant’s claim against the co…
  • Rojas v. Drake, 569 So. 2d 859 (Fla. 2d DCA 1990)
    …Semmer Elec., Inc., 535 So. 2d 670 (Fla. 2d DCA 1988). Rather, an award of attorney’s fees under section 57.105 is only proper where the action is so clearly devoid of merit both on the facts and the law as to be completely untenable. Ferm v. Saba, 444 So. 2d 976 (Fla. 2d DCA 1983). We cannot say that the Rojases’ action against Drake was completely untenable. As the Rojases point out, the fact that they were struck from behind put them at a disadvantage of knowing the precise details of what caused the mul…
  • Hilde W. Brinson v. Creative Aluminum Prods., Inc., 519 So. 2d 59 (Fla. 2d DCA 1988)
    …Creative pursuant to section 57.105. Attorney’s fees may only be awarded pursuant to that statute when the action brought or the defense raised is so clearly devoid of merit both on the facts and the law as to be completely untenable. Ferrn v. Saba, 444 So. 2d 976 (Fla. 2d DCA 1983). The legal issues surrounding the defense raised in this case are not so clear as to make Brinson’s defense frivolous or completely untenable. We, accordingly, reverse and remand with instructions to strike that portion of the jud…

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