ANDRES ALONSO, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
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Andres Alonso appealed his conviction for extortion under Florida law, challenging the trial court's jury instruction on 'malice.' The appellate court affirmed the conviction, holding that the trial court properly instructed the jury on the malice requirement for extortion and that the evidence supported the conviction.
The trial court properly rejected the proposed instruction because it was inappropriate for extortion cases. The malice requirement in extortion is satisfied when a threat is made willfully and purposely to the prejudice and injury of another, without lawful justification. The extortionist need not intend to carry out the threat or actually cause the threatened harm; the injury is the coercion itself.
[1] The crime of extortion requires proof of a threat made maliciously, accompanied by a demand for money or other pecuniary advantage.
[2] The malice element in extortion is satisfied when a threat is made willfully and purposely to the prejudice and injury of another.
Previewing 2 of 6 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“The extortionist must intend to damage the victim by coercing him to take some action, such as the payment of money, against his will. There is no requirement, however, that the extortionist intend (or even have the ability) to carry out his threat.”
Establishes the core distinction between extortion and other crimes: the threat need not be capable of execution; the injury is the coercion itself.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAlonso was charged under Florida Statutes Section 836.05 with extortion, which requires proof of a threat made maliciously accompanied by a demand for…
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HERSEY, Judge.
Andres Alonso appeals his conviction for extortion. He contends that the trial court gave an incorrect instruction on “malice” and that the intention to extort money was not proved. The latter point is totally lacking in merit. The former issue, while more persuasive, is also lacking in merit.
Appellant was charged under Section 836.05, Florida Statutes (1981), which requires a showing of a threat made maliciously and accompanied by a demand for money or other pecuniary advantage. At trial it was argued by appellant that an instruction to the jury on malice should be based upon the standard jury instruction defining the crime of shooting or throwing missiles into a dwelling. That instruction includes the requirement that the state show the defendant acted “with the knowledge that injury or damage will or may be caused to another person or the property of another person.” Such an instruction would have been inappropriate here because of its potential for confusing the jury. The extortionist must intend to damage the victim by coercing him to take some action, such as the payment of money, against his will. There is no requirement, however, that the extortionist intend (or even have the ability) to carry out his threat. Suppose the extortionist at one time possessed photographs showing a public figure in a compromising situation. He writes a letter threatening exposure unless an amount of money is paid. The photographs are lost in a fire. The injury actually caused the victim by the extortionist is the extraction of an amount of money. It is no longer possible for him to injure or damage the reputation of the victim by publishing the photographs. Under the requested instruction the jury might be led to suppose that since the threat was impossible of fulfillment there could realistically be no malicious intent to injure or damage the victim. That would be an appropriate exercise of reasoning under the instruction requested. It is an inappropriate interpretation of the law. Thus the proffered instruction was properly rejected by the trial court.
Further, the extortionist need not hate his victim. That kind of malice is not contemplated by the crime of extortion. The basic statutory ingredients are a threat made maliciously with the intent to require another to perform an act against his will. The malice requirement is satisfied if the threat is made “willfully and purposely to the prejudice and injury of another, .... ” Black’s Law Dictionary, 4th Ed.
The extortion statute prohibits only those utterances or communications which constitute malicious threats to do injury to another’s person, reputation, or property. Furthermore, the threats must be made with the intent to extort money or the intent to compel another to act or refrain from acting against his will.
Carricarte v. State, 384 So. 2d 1261 (Fla.1980). A threat is malicious if it is made intentionally and without any lawful justification. Coupled with the requisite intent it constitutes the crime of extortion. The trial court’s instructions conveyed these requirements to the jury' in appropriate instructions.
Finding no error, we affirm.
AFFIRMED.
ANSTEAD, C.J., and LETTS, J., concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
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Smith v. State, 532 So. 2d 50 (Fla. 2d DCA 1988)…receiving his letters. With any offense, however, involving or resembling extortion, and Smith’s actions may be so characterized, neither the actual intent to do harm nor the ability to carry out the threats is an essential element. Alonso v. State, 447 So. 2d 1029 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984); Reid v. State, 405 So. 2d 500 (Fla. 2d DCA 1981). For example, in United States v. Callahan, 702 F. 2d 964 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 840, 104 S.Ct. 133, 78 L.Ed.2d 128 (1983), the accused wrote the director of the Secr…
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Dudley v. State, 634 So. 2d 1093 (Fla. 2d DCA 1994)…against his will. Section 836.05, Fla.Stat. Malice is an essential element of the crime. Chestnut v. State, 516 So. 2d 1144 (Fla. 5th DCA 1987). A threat is malicious if it is made intentionally and without any lawful justification. Alonso v. State, 447 So. 2d 1029 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984). Neither the actual intent to do harm nor the ability to carry out the threat is essential to prove that extortion occurred. Smith v. State, 532 So. 2d 50 (Fla. 2d DCA 1988); Alonso v. State. Further, in establishing extortion, i…
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Ahmad Saidi v. State, 845 So. 2d 1022 (Fla. 5th DCA 2003)…0 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995); Smith. Similar to extortion, this crime does not require the actual intent to do harm or the ability to carry out the threat. See § 836.10, Fla. Stat.; Dudley v. State, 634 So. 2d 1093, 1094 (Fla. 2d DCA 1994); Alonso v. State, 447 So. 2d 1029, 1030 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984).2 Consequently, we conclude the trial court properly instructed the jury as to the elements of the charged crime. Finally, Saidi submits that the trial court erred by prohibiting him from filing any pro se pleadings in any…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- State v. Craggs & Phelan Constr. Co., 384 So. 2d 1261 (Fla. 1980)