LORETTA COBB, APPELLANT,
v.
CARLOS MALDONADO, M.D., AND JAMES HARRELL, M.D., APPELLEES
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The court denied a rehearing petition in a medical malpractice case, highlighting an anomaly in the statute of limitations where diligent claimants discovering concealed malpractice near the end of the four-year period are disadvantaged compared to those discovering it just after.
The court denied the petition for rehearing, acknowledging the statutory anomaly but stating its obligation to apply the clear language of the statute as written.
Loretta Cobb, the appellant, sought rehearing in a medical malpractice suit. The case involves the application of section 95.11(4)(b), Florida Statute…
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GLICKSTEIN, Judge.
This appeal is from a Summary Final Judgment awarded to a doctor in a medical malpractice action. Appellee’s alleged malpractice took place in October, 1976 and the injury was discovered in August, 1980, within four years. Section 95.11(4)(b), Florida Statutes (1975) provides in part:
An action for medical malpractice shall be commenced within 2 years from the time the incident giving rise to the action occurred or within 2 years from the time the incident is discovered, or should have been discovered with the exercise of due diligence; however, in no event shall the action be commenced later than 4 years from the date of the incident or occurrence out of which the cause of action accrued.... In those actions covered by this paragraph in which it can be shown that fraud, concealment, or intentional misrepresentation of fact prevented the discovery of the injury within the j-year period, the period of limitations is extended forward 2 years from the time that the injury is discovered or should have been discovered with the exercise of due diligence, but in no event to exceed 7 years from the, date the incident giving rise to the injury occurred. (Emphasis added).
The trial judge properly observed:
It is clear that the four-year statute of limitations has run unless the statute is tolled because of the fraud, concealment or intentional misrepresentation of fact prevented the discovery of the injury within the four-year period.
In this case, the discovery having been made within the four-year period, appellant failed to overcome the hurdle we have emphasized in the foregoing statute which plainly contemplates successful fraud, concealment or intentional misrepresentation; i.e., prevention of discovery of the injury within the four-year period. Accordingly, we affirm.
ANSTEAD, C.J., and WALDEN, J., concur.
GLICKSTEIN, Judge.
Appellant, Loretta Cobb, seeks a rehearing, pointing out that in medical malpractice suits the provisions of section 95.-ll(4)(b), Florida Statutes (1983), give to claimants who discover concealment of a practitioner’s negligence after the four-year limitation period has run marked advantage over similar claimants who discover the concealment just prior to the limitation period’s expiration. This court takes no pleasure in denying Ms. Cobb’s petition, and calls the statutory anomaly to the legislature’s attention.
In pertinent part, section 95.-ll(4)(b) reads as follows:
An action for medical malpractice shall be commenced within 2 years from the time the incident giving rise to the action occurred or within 2 years from the time the incident is discovered, or should have been discovered with the exercise of due diligence; however, in no event shall the action be commenced later than 4 years from the date of the incident or occurrence out of which the cause of action accrued.... In those actions covered by this paragraph in which it can be shown that fraud, concealment, or intentional misrepresentation of fact prevented the discovery of the injury within the 4-year period, the period of limitations is extended forward 2 years from the time that the injury is discovered or should have been discovered with the exercise of due diligence, but in no event to exceed 7 years from the date the incident giving rise to the injury occurred.
It is true that as the statute is written the jig is up for the diligent claimant who nevertheless has failed to discover a concealed malpractice incident until the last day of the four-year limitation period, whereas a similar claimant making a similar discovery the day after the four-year limitation period has expired has two years within which to commence suit. It is unlikely the legislature intended such disparate effects. Nevertheless, when a statutory provision is clear and unambiguous, we are obliged to give effect to the language the legislature has used. Holmes v. Blazer Financial Services, Inc., 369 So. 2d 987 (Fla. 4th DCA 1979). This court is not free to modify the effect of the statute. We observe that in a case similar to the present one the first district has likewise found the statutory language plain, and come to a similar result. See Carlton v. Ridings, 422 So. 2d 1067 (Fla. 1st DCA 1982).
Florida’s Supreme Court recently held that section 95.11(4)(b) is constitutional. Cates v. Graham, 451 Bo.2d 475 (Fla.1984), affirming 427 So. 2d 290 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983). The court reiterated that a statute of repose is constitutional so long as it merely curtails the time within which a suit must be filed but does not outright bar a cause of action. The court had previously made the same observation when upholding the constitutionality of section 95.11(3)(c) in Bauld v. J.A. Jones Construction Co., 357 So. 2d 401 (Fla.1978).
Rehearing is regretfully denied. We respectfully urge the legislature to take note of section 95.11(4)(b)’s disparate impacts on claimants in virtually identical circumstances, and take appropriate action.
ANSTEAD, C.J., and WALDEN, J., concur.
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Baker v. State, 636 So. 2d 1342 (Fla. 1994)…[sic] have plainly expressed, and consequently no room is left for construction.” Van Pelt v. Hilliard, 75 Fla. 792, 798-99, 78 So. 693, 695 (1918). The courts “are obliged to give effect to the language the Legislature has used.” Cobb v. Maldonado, 451 So. 2d 482, 483 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984). “Courts have then no power to set it aside or evade its operation_ If it has been passed improvidently the responsibility is -with the Legislature and not with the courts.” Van Pelt, 75 Fla. at 798, 78 So. at 695. The prope…
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Carr v. Broward Cnty., 505 So. 2d 568 (Fla. 4th DCA 1987)…7); Pait v. Ford Motor Company, 500 So. 2d 743 (Fla. 5th DCA 1987); Cassidy v. Firestone Fire & Rubber Co., 495 So. 2d 801 (Fla. 1st DCA 1986); American Liberty Insurance Co. v. West and Conyers, 491 So. 2d 573 (Fla. 2d DCA 1986); Cobb v. Maldonado, 451 So. 2d 482 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984). No Florida Supreme Court case has been called to our attention in v/hich this rule has been the explicit holding. It is, nevertheless, necessarily implied from the language, results, and rationale in the “provided, however” case…
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Robert C. MacDONALD, D.D.S. v. Honorable William C. McIVER, 514 So. 2d 1151 (Fla. 2d DCA 1987)…ions is not applicable. Gruber, therefore, would have had at most four years to bring her suit. Her last contact with MacDonald occurred February 25, 1983, and the complaint was filed February 26, 1987. It is, therefore, untimely. Cobb v. Maldonado, 451 So. 2d 482 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984). We believe that the greater weight of authority supports our conclusion that relief via prohibition is authorized in this situation. Public Health Trust of Dade County v. Knuck; Brogan v. Mullins, 452 So. 2d 940 (Fla. 5th DCA 1…
Previewing 3 of 11 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Bauld v. J. A. Jones Constr. Co., 357 So. 2d 401 (Fla. 1978)
- Holmes v. Blazer Fin. Servs., Inc., 369 So. 2d 987 (Fla. 4th DCA 1979)
- Cates v. Orlando R. Graham, M.D., Ponder & Assocs. Emergency Physicians, P.A., 427 So. 2d 290 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983)
- Carlton v. Ray Ridings, M.D., 422 So. 2d 1067 (Fla. 1st DCA 1982)