DERRICK TYRONE SMITH, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.
In this sentencing appeal, the Florida District Court of Appeal affirmed a life sentence imposed above the guidelines range for armed robbery, holding that the trial court's stated reasons—excessive force used and the defendant's prior capital murder conviction—provided adequate justification for departure from the recommended 5.5-7 year range.
The court held that the trial judge's oral reasons for departure were sufficient under the sentencing guidelines rule; that the amount of force used in committing the offense could be considered as a basis for departure; and that a prior capital felony conviction may be considered as an additional reason for departing upward from the guidelines.
[1] Oral reasons stated at a sentencing hearing can satisfy the requirement for written reasons for departure from sentencing guidelines.
[2] The amount of force used in the commission of an offense, even if related to the instant offense, may serve as a basis for departing from sentencing guidelines.
Previewing 2 of 3 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“The reason for the departure from the guidelines are that the defendant used force, more than was necessary to commit the particular offense. He actually struck the victim and the victim was not offered any resistance of any kind. The victim had a gun at his head and pointed at him, and this was more force than necessary by the elements of the crime.”
Trial court's explanation for the primary reason for departing upward from the guidelines
Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceDerrick Tyrone Smith pleaded guilty to armed robbery committed on March 21, 1983. At sentencing on November 29, 1983, Smith affirmatively elected to b…
The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.
Explore caselaw by topic → Browse Florida Rule Of Criminal Procedure 3.701(D)(11) cases and more on FLexlaw
OTT, Judge.
This case involves the review of a sentence imposed outside the recommended guidelines. We hold that the reasons stated by the trial judge provided an adequate basis for sentencing appellant above the recommended range.
Appellant pled guilty to an armed robbery which occurred March 21, 1983. Sentencing took place on November 29, 1983, and pursuant to section 921.001(4)(a), Florida Statutes (1983), appellant affirmatively elected to be sentenced under the guidelines. Appellant’s recommended sentence under the guidelines was five and one-half to seven years. The court decided to depart from the guidelines and sentenced appellant to life in prison. At the sentencing hearing, the court stated the following reasons for departure:
The reason for the departure from the guidelines are that the defendant used force, more than was necessary to commit the particular offense. He actually struck the victim and the victim was not offered any resistance of any kind. The victim had a gun at his head and pointed at him, and this was more force than necessary by the elements of the crime. Secondly, it appears that the defendant is indeed a murderer, a first-degree murderer, and his life still has been such up to this point that I see no reasonable opportunity to rehabilitation. And the indication is that his patterns are set and I look at him as an individual, I think, this is an appropriate sentence in view of the murder previously committed.
The first-degree murder referred to by the court was committed approximately twelve hours prior to the armed robbery. A jury conviction was obtained, and immediately subsequent to sentencing for the armed robbery the court imposed the death penalty for the first-degree murder. Appellant first argues that the court’s written reasons for departing from the guidelines, required by Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.701(d)(ll), are unintelligible. This argument is of no moment. We believe the oral reasons which appear in the transcript of the sentencing hearing are sufficient for purposes of the rule. See Harvey v. State, 450 So. 2d 926 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984).
Appellant next contends that because the amount of force used is a factor relating to the instant offense rule 3.701(d)(ll) prohibits the court from using it as a reason for departure. In Weems v. State, 451 So. 2d 1027 at 1029, n. 5 (Fla. 2d DCA 1984), this court quoted from a memorandum of the Sentencing Guidelines Commission explaining rule 3.701(d)(ll):
The Commission has intended that this language be understood to provide that reasons for deviating from the guidelines shall not include arrests or charges relating to the instant offense for which convictions have not been obtained ....1
We conclude that the rule does not prohibit the court from considering aggravating circumstances and actions of the accused in the commission of the offense, including the amount of force used as a basis for departure from the guidelines.
Finally, we hold that appellant’s commission of an earlier capital felony may be considered as an additional reason for departure. Capital felonies are not sentenced according to the guidelines. § 921.-001, Fla.Stat. (1983). Rule 3.988 does not provide a means of scoring a capital felony as an additional offense at conviction.2 The fact that a capital felony cannot be considered in calculating the applicable sentencing range does not mean it cannot be considered by the court as a reason for departing from the guidelines. See Weems. The stated reasons provided an adequate basis for sentencing appellant above the recommended guidelines range.
AFFIRMED.
GRIMES, A.C.J., and LEHAN, J., concur. . Rule 3.701(d)(ll) has been amended to further clarify the Commission’s intent. The Florida Bar: Amendment to Rule of Criminal Procedure (3.701, 3988-Sentencing Guidelines), 451 So. 2d 824 (Fla.1984).
. It appears that the first-degree murder conviction was scored as a life felony for purposes of the “additional offense at conviction" portion of the scoresheet. This scoring fails to take into account that a capital felony was committed.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Cited By (51 total)
-
Mischler v. State, 458 So. 2d 37 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984)…(Fla. 5th DCA 1984); Jean v. State, 455 So. 2d 1083 (Fla. 2d DCA 1984); Addison v. State, 452 So. 2d 955 (Fla. 2d DCA 1984); Gordon v. State, 454 So. 2d 657 (Fla. 5th DCA 1984). . Weems v. State, 451 So. 2d 1027 (Fla. 2d DCA 1984); Smith v. State, 454 So. 2d 90 (Fla. 2d DCA 1984); Jean v. State, 455 So. 2d 1083 (Fla. 2d DCA 1984). Contra Harvey v. State, 450 So. 2d 926 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984). . Manning v. State, 452 So. 2d 136 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984). . Higgs v. State, 455 So,2d 451 (Fla. 5th DCA 1984); Smith v…1 / 5
-
Steiner v. State, 469 So. 2d 179 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985)…eparture may be based on the defendant’s prior criminal record even though it has been factored into the guidelines scorecard, Hendrix v. State, 455 So. 2d 449 (Fla. 5th DCA 1984); Kiser v. State, 455 So. 2d 1071 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984); Smith v. State, 454 So. 2d 90 (Fla. 2d DCA 1984), or specifically does not qualify for such an inclusion. Jean v. State, 455 So. 2d 1083 (Fla. 2d DCA 1984); Bogan v. State, 454 So. 2d 686 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984); contra Albritton v. State, 458 So. 2d 320 (Fla. 5th DCA 1984); see gen…
-
Mincey v. State, 460 So. 2d 396 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984)…s, both permissible considerations. Swain v. State, 455 So. 2d 533, (Fla. 1st DCA 1984); Manning v. State, 452 So. 2d 136 (Fla.1st DCA 1984). Reasons 2, 3, and 5 concern the amount of force used or threatened. In support thereof, see Smith v. State, 454 So. 2d 90 (Fla.2d DCA 1984). Reasons 4 and 6 also reflect permissible considerations. Williams v. State, 454 So. 2d 751 (Fla.1st DCA 1984). Given the facts of this case, these reasons are clear and convincing. The trial court did not abuse its discretion. A…
Previewing 3 of 51 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- THE Fla. BAR: Amendment to Rules of Crim. Procedure (3.701, 451 So. 2d 824 (Fla. 1984)
- Harvey v. State, 450 So. 2d 926 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984)
- Sherman v. State, 451 So. 2d 1027 (Fla. 2d DCA 1984)