STEPHEN T. BARGE, APPELLANT,
v.
ROSA SIMETON, APPELLEE

Fla. 4th DCA | 1984-12-05
No. 84-676
DELL and BARKETT, JJ., concur.
460 So. 2d 939 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (1984) Positive Treatment
Cited by 26 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

Barge sued Simeton for unpaid contract work; Simeton counterclaimed for defective work and fraudulent lien. Although a jury trial was initially demanded and scheduled, the trial court granted Simeton's motion to remove the case from the jury docket and tried it non-jury, resulting in judgment against Barge. The appellate court reversed, holding that Barge had a constitutional right to jury trial that could not be waived without his affirmative consent.


Holding

A party's right to jury trial, once demanded by any party, cannot be waived without affirmative action by that party consisting of a written or oral stipulation in open court. The trial court erred in trying the case non-jury because Barge did not affirmatively waive the jury trial demand, regardless of whether he received notice or appeared at trial.


Headnotes

[1] A party's right to a jury trial, once demanded, cannot be withdrawn without the consent of all parties.

[2] A party does not waive the right to a jury trial by failing to appear at a hearing or trial.

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Key Quotes

“Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.430 provides that the right to trial by jury as declared in the constitution or statute shall be preserved inviolate and that a demand therefor may not be withdrawn without the consent of the parties.”

Establishes the constitutional protection for jury trial rights and the requirement of consent to waive.

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Facts & Procedural History

Barge sued Simeton in county court for damages for unpaid work on her property pursuant to a contract. Simeton counterclaimed for damages for defectiv…

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Opinion of the Court
DOWNEY, Judge.

DOWNEY, Judge.

Appellant Barge sued appellee Simeton in county court for damages for unpaid work performed by Barge pursuant to a contract to improve Simeton’s real property. Simeton counterclaimed against Barge for damages for defective work and for filing a fraudulent lien on Simeton’s property and demanded a jury trial. The. cause was transferred to the circuit court where, pursuant to Simeton’s motion, the court set the cause for trial by jury on July 11, 1983. Prior to trial Barge’s lawyer withdrew. Thereafter, Simeton filed a motion to remove the case from the jury trial docket and try it non-jury because 1) upon preparation for trial counsel determined the case could “more appropriately” be tried without a jury, and 2) counsel had a conflict in that he was scheduled to try another case in Fort Lauderdale during the same trial period. The cause was tried non-jury on February 23, 1984, resulting in a judgment against Barge and for Simeton on Barge’s complaint and for Simeton on her counterclaim in the amount of $300 compensatory damages, $500 punitive damages, attorney’s fees of $1500, and costs of . $121.29.

Barge obtained new counsel and filed a motion to set aside “default and default final judgment” together with an affidavit stating he had not received either the motion to try the case non-jury or the notice of non-jury trial. Finally, without awaiting a decision on the aforesaid motion Barge perfected this appeal.

The thrust of Simeton’s defense of the trial court’s action is Barge’s lack of diligence, his failure to attend the hearing on motion to remove the case from the jury docket or the trial of the case. Barge, of course, says he did not receive notice of either event. Be that as it may, we believe that issue is irrelevant. Whether Barge received notice or not, he had a right to a jury trial. To paraphrase the First District Court of Appeal in Saunders v. Saunders, 346 So. 2d 1057 (Fla. 1st DCA 1977), Barge was entitled to place his confidence in the jury system, being confident that a jury would reasonably assess the damages in the case. The mere fact Barge failed to show up to pursue his claim does not mean he was not entitled to a jury determination of Simeton’s claim for damages on her counterclaim.

Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.430 provides that the right to trial by jury as declared in the constitution or statute shall be preserved inviolate and that a demand therefor may not be withdrawn without the consent of the parties. Regardless of who makes the demand, once made it cannot be withdrawn without the consent of all parties. Jayre Inc. v. Wachovia Bank and Trust Co., 420 So. 2d 937 (Fla.3d DCA 1982). Thus, it matters not that Simeton rather than Barge demanded the jury. Furthermore, even if Barge had not filed any pleadings in response to Sime-ton’s counterclaim and allowed a default to be taken against him and did not show up for trial, he was still entitled to a jury trial on damages. Ansel v. Kizer, 428 So. 2d 671 (Fla. 2d DCA 1982). To constitute a waiver of the existing demand for jury trial the Supreme Court of Florida has held there must be affirmative action on the part of a party. Barth v. Florida State Constructors, Inc., 327 So. 2d 13 (Fla.1976). The Fifth District Court of Appeal, in Laing v. Fidelity Broadcasting Corporation, 436 So. 2d 959 (Fla. 5th DCA 1983), held that affirmative action must be a written stipulation or oral stipulation in open court.

Since there was no such affirmative action by Barge indicating a waiver of the demand for jury trial, the case should not have been tried non-jury. Accordingly, the judgment appealed from is reversed and the cause is remanded for a new trial before a jury on the sole question of the amount of compensatory and punitive damages Simeton is entitled to recover on her counterclaim.

REVERSED AND REMANDED, with directions.

DELL and BARKETT, JJ., concur.


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Citator

Cited By (13 total)

  • City OF Pembroke Pines v. Atlas, 474 So. 2d 237 (Fla. 4th DCA 1985)
    …818 (Fla. 1st DCA 1978), cert. denied, 368 So. 2d 1386 (Fla.1979). We hold that appellant waived the defect in the pleadings under the facts of this case. Appellant, however, correctly asserts its right to jury trial on damages. Barge v. Simeton, 460 So. 2d 939 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984); Jayre, Inc. v. Wachovia Bank & Trust Co., 420 So. 2d 937 (Fla. 3d DCA 1982). We reverse and remand for jury trial upon the question of damages only. AFFIRMED IN PART; REVERSED IN PART and REMANDED. ANSTEAD, C.J., and LETTS…
  • Indep. Fire Ins. Co. v. Arvidson, 604 So. 2d 854 (Fla. 4th DCA 1992)
    …unilateral pretrial statement. The trial took place four months after the pretrial statements were filed. A party may waive its right to trial by jury by an affirmative act indicating waiver and the consent of the opposing party. Barge v. Simeton, 460 So. 2d 939 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984). Appellees argue that they never noticed their counterclaims for either jury or non-jury trial, and, in fact, demanded a jury trial. They acknowledge that appellant filed its request for a non-jury trial, but note that appellant…
  • Baron Auctioneer, Inc. v. Ball, 674 So. 2d 212 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996)
    …firmative act in order to waive a jury trial once it has been requested, regardless of who makes the demand. Curbelo v. Ullman, 571 So. 2d 443 (Fla.1990); Barth v. Florida State Constructors Service, Inc., 327 So. 2d 13 (Fla.1976); Barge v. Simeton, 460 So. 2d 939 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984). The fact that a party participates in a non-jury trial without raising an objection constitutes waiver of the right to jury trial, see Martin v. Ullman, 555 So. 2d 1232 (Fla. 3d DCA 1989), rev. denied, 564 So. 2d 487 (Fla.1990),…

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