UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE,
v.
FRANK STEVE LEGEZA, JR., DEFENDANT-APPELLANT
AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.
The court held that the Falfurrias checkpoint stops and marijuana odor searches are constitutional and that the evidence was sufficient to convict.
Defendant was stopped at a border checkpoint, marijuana was found in his car, and he was convicted of possession with intent to distribute.…
The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.
Explore caselaw by topic → Browse Possession cases and more on FLexlaw
PER CURIAM:
Defendant Frank Steve Legeza, Jr. and a passenger were stopped for a citizenship check at the permanent border checkpoint south of Falfurrias, Texas. A border patrol agent smelled marijuana, searched the car, and found in the trunk and behind the backseat pillowcases containing marijuana bricks totalling 99 pounds in weight. Defendant was arrested and convicted of possession of marijuana with intent to distribute. 21 U.S.C.A. § 841(a)(1).
This Court has repeatedly held that the Falfurrias checkpoint is permanent, that citizenship stops there do not offend the Fourth Amendment, and that the odor of marijuana provides sufficient probable cause to justify searching a movable vehicle there. See, e. g., United States v. Rodriquez, 556 F. 2d 277 (5th Cir. 1977); United States v. Cantu, 555 F. 2d 1327 (5th Cir. 1977); United States v. Andrade, 545 F. 2d 1032 (5th Cir. 1977); United States v. Diaz, 541 F. 2d 1165 (5th Cir. 1976). The defendant’s arrest after some marijuana was found but before the search was completed did not require the suppression of other marijuana subsequently discovered in the automobile. Texas v. White, 423 U.S. 67, 96 S.Ct. 304, 46 L.Ed.2d 209 (1975) (per curiam); United States v. Mitchell, 538 F. 2d 1230 (1976) (en banc), cert. denied, 430 U.S. 945, 97 S.Ct. 1578, 51 L.Ed.2d 792 (1977).
The evidence was sufficient to justify the trial judge in excluding every reasonable hypothesis of innocence and concluding beyond a reasonable doubt that Legeza was guilty of possession with intent to distribute. At trial he denied the vehicle was his, and said he had come from Ohio to Texas for a wedding, and was returning the car to Ohio for a friend’s relative. He testified he was unaware of the contraband. Under cross-examination, however, he said he knew the pillow cases “felt funny,” that they were “hidden in the seats,” and that the person who provided him the car “was using us to try to get a fast one by.” His disclaimers were further impeached by forewarned statements he made at the time of arrest that a man he met in a bar had paid him $500 to drive the car to Ohio. As the driver of the car, he had sufficient dominion and control to possess the marijuana, United States v. Rodriquez, supra, 556 F. 2d at 278 and under the circumstances the trial judge was justified in disbelieving his claim of ignorance and finding he had the requisite intent to distribute. See United States v. Castro, 531 F. 2d 739, 740 (5th Cir. 1976); cf. United States v. Fletcher, 487 F. 2d 22 (5th Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 416 U.S. 958, 94 S.Ct. 1974, 40 L.Ed.2d 309 (1974) (no “purchasing agent” defense under § 841(a)(1)).
AFFIRMED.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Cited By
-
United States v. Garcia, 672 F.2d 1349 (11th Cir. 1982)
-
United States v. del Aguila-Reyes, 722 F.2d 155 (5th Cir. 1983)
-
United States v. Elvia Escamilla Moreno, 579 F.2d 371 (5th Cir. 1978)
Previewing 3 of 7 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited (13 total)
- Isbell Enters., Inc. v. Citizens Cas. Co. OF NEW York, 431 F.2d 409 (5th Cir. 1970)
- Texas v. White, 423 U.S. 67 (U.S. 1975)
- Mitchell v. United States, 430 U.S. 945 (U.S. 1977)
- United States v. Mitchell, 538 F.2d 1230 (5th Cir. 1976)
- Citizens & S. Nat'l Bank v. United States, 430 U.S. 945 (U.S. 1977)
- Montoya v. United States, 416 U.S. 958 (U.S. 1974)
- Gore v. Leeke, 416 U.S. 958 (U.S. 1974)
- United States v. Diaz, 541 F.2d 1165 (5th Cir. 1976)
- United States v. Eliseo Andrade, 545 F.2d 1032 (5th Cir. 1977)
- United States v. Rodriguez, 556 F.2d 277 (5th Cir. 1977)