S.N.W. CORP., P.N.W. CORP. AND K.N.W. CORP., APPELLANTS,
v.
NORMAN HAUSER AND JUDITH B. HAUSER, HIS WIFE, APPELLEES
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The court held that the parties' actions in entering into new agreements for the same condominium units at increased prices constituted a novation, extinguishing the original contracts.
[1] A novation occurs when parties enter into a new, unambiguous agreement of equal or greater dignity to a prior agreement, with the intent to extinguish the original contra…
[2] The existence of a novation is a question of law for the court when the terms of a written agreement are not in doubt.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAppellants and appellees entered into contracts to purchase condominium units. Appellees failed to make timely deposits, leading to notices of default…
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DELL, Judge.
Appellants, the sellers of two condominium units, appeal from a final judgment which awarded appellees damages for breach of contract.
The parties stipulated to the following facts:
On or about August 7, 1979 Plaintiffs and Defendants entered into contracts to purchase two (2) condominium units in building number three (3) of the Towers of Oceanview; unit number A 621 was to be purchased for the sum of $137,900.00 and unit B 718 was to be purchased for the sum of $89,400.00. Plaintiffs made timely payments of $13,790.00 on unit A 621 and $8,940.00 on unit B 718. Plaintiffs failed to make advanced deposits that were due not later than January 22, 1980 on both units. On or about February 15, 1980 Defendants notified Plaintiffs by mail of their failure to pay the contractual deposits. On or about February 20, 1980 Plaintiffs tendered the contractual advanced deposits to Defendants, said tendered checks were received by Defendants sometime thereafter, and on or about February 29, 1980 Defendants refused tender and returned said checks to Plaintiffs. On or about March 7, 1980 Plaintiffs and Defendants entered into new agreements for the same units at increased prices; the purchase price for unit A 621 was $157,000.00 and the purchase price for unit B 718 was $109,000.00.
On March 13, 1981 the clos ings on the units were held pursuant to the new agreements of March 7, 1980; the closings were held under protest by Plaintiffs — Plaintiffs having filed a [sic] instant cause of action asking for Declaratory Relief prior to the closing and had advised Defendants of the action.
The trial court found: time was not of the essence; appellants’ notices of default mailed on or about February 15, 1980 did not act as notice of cancellation in accordance with the purchase agreements; the purchase agreements were in full force and effect when appellees tendered their deposits; appellants wrongfully terminated the original condominium purchase agreements; and that appellees were within their legal right in demanding that the closing be conducted in accordance with the original condominium purchase agreements. Based on these findings of fact, the trial court awarded appellees the sum of $38,700 which represented the difference in the purchase price between the original condominium purchase agreements and the subsequent agreements under which the parties closed.
Appellants contend that the trial court erred in awarding appellees damages because it should have construed the purchase and sale agreements under which the transaction closed as a novation of the original contracts. We agree.
Appellants raised the question of novation in the trial court but the trial judge did not address the issue, nor have the appellees addressed it in their answer brief.
A novation takes place only by agreement, but where the terms of a written agreement are not in doubt, the question of whether it effects a novation is one of law for the court. Morecraft v. Allen, 78 N.J.L. 729, 75 A. 920, L.R.A.1915B, 1. Existence of a novation must be implied as a matter of law in those instances where the parties enter into an entirely new and unambiguous agreement of equal or greater dignity to the agreement first made with respect to the same subject.
Evans v. Borkowski, 139 So. 2d 472, 474 (Fla. 1st DCA 1962), cert. denied, 146 So. 2d 378 (Fla.1962). Appellants argue that they satisfied the four requisite elements for a novation: (1) the existence of a previously valid contract; (2) the agreement to make a new contract; (3) the intent to extinguish the original contractual obligation; and (4) the validity of the new contract. Sans Souci v. Division of Florida Land Sales & Condominiums, 421 So. 2d 623, 630 (Fla. 1st DCA 1982), rev’d on other grounds, 448 So. 2d 1116 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984); 11 Fla.Jur.2d Contracts § 183.
The record in this case establishes the requisite elements.
First, no dispute exists that the original contracts for the purchase of the condominium units constituted valid contracts. Ap-pellees rely on the validity of those contracts as the basis for their claim for damages.
Second, the parties stipulated that on March 7, 1980 they entered into new agreements for the same units at increased prices. Appellees tendered additional deposit checks totalling $11,365.00, which together with the deposits initially held in escrow, constituted the total down payment for the apartments at the higher prices.
Third, appellee Norman Hauser admitted under cross examination that he intended to purchase the apartments under whatever terms he had to agree to in order to obtain the apartments.
Fourth, the new contracts entered into between the parties were of equal dignity,to the first contracts, and concerned the same subject matter.
The record adequately demonstrates that the actions of the parties extinguished the original contractual obligations regardless of whether appellants had properly terminated them. We also note that the trial court’s finding that appellants failed to properly terminate the original contracts supports the conclusion that the original contracts constituted valid existing obligations at the time that the parties agreed to the new contracts. Appellees had the option of entering into the new contracts or exercising such legal and equitable remedies which they may have had available under the terms of the original contracts. Appellees chose the former and that choice resulted in a novation.
Therefore we hold that the trial court erred in failing to consider the issue and in failing to find that a novation occurred upon the execution of the contracts under which the transaction closed. Accordingly we reverse the trial court’s judgment awarding appellees damages in the amount of $38,700 plus interest.
REVERSED.
HURLEY and WALDEN, JJ., concur.
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DE LAS Cuevas v. Nat'l Enters. Inc., 927 So. 2d 41 (Fla. 3d DCA 2006)…prove the following at trial: 1) the existence of a previously valid contract; 2) the agreement to make a new contract; 3) the intent to extinguish the original contractual obligation; and 4) the validity of the new contract. S.N.W. Corp. v. Hauser, 461 So. 2d 188, 189 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984). We find the trial court did not abuse its discretion in finding the parties did not intend for the Modification Agreement to serve as a novation. The evidence included testimony from Flora De Las Cuevas that she did not kno…
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Ketron B. Brown and Judy L. Brown v. Kelly, 545 So. 2d 518 (Fla. 5th DCA 1989)…. The elements of a novation are: (1) existence of a previously valid contract; (2) agreement to make a new contract; (3) intent to extinguish the original contractual obligation; and, (4) validity of the new contract. S.N.W. Corporation v. Hauser, 461 So. 2d 188 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984), rev. denied, 471 So. 2d 43 (Fla.1985). The original agreement, if indeed there was an agreement, was not enforceable because it was not in writing as required by section 725.01, Florida Statutes, and none of the elements necess…
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Sink v. Abitibi-Price Sales Corp., 602 So. 2d 1313 (Fla. 4th DCA 1992)…validity of the new contract. Sans Souci v. Division of Florida Land Sales & Condominiums, 421 So. 2d 623, 630 (Fla. 1st DCA 1983), rev’d on other grounds, 448 So. 2d 1116 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984); 11 Fla.Jur.2d Contracts § 183. S.N.W. Corp. v. Hauser, 461 So. 2d 188, 189 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984). Applying these elements to the facts adduced at trial reveals that a novation occurred. Both parties agree that the management agreement was a valid contract. The parties’ agreement to make a new contract is evidenced by A…
Previewing 3 of 5 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Sans Souci v. Div. OF Fla. Land Sales & Condos., 421 So. 2d 623 (Fla. 1st DCA 1982)
- Evans v. Borkowski, 139 So. 2d 472 (Fla. 1st DCA 1962)
- Sans Souci v. Div. OF Fla. Land Sales & Condos., 448 So. 2d 1116 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984)
- Hartford Accident & Indem. Co. v. Willis, 146 So. 2d 378 (Fla. 1962)
- Murphy v. Pinellas Cnty. Anti-Mosquito Dist., 146 So. 2d 378 (Fla. 1962)