INSURANCE COMPANY OF NORTH AMERICA, ETC., ET AL, PETITIONERS,
v.
MARTHA G. SULLIVAN, ET AL, RESPONDENTS

Fla. 5th DCA | 1985-09-12
No. 85-885
ORFINGER and SHARP, JJ., concur.
475 So. 2d 287 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fifth District (1985) Positive Treatment
Cited by 4 cases

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Synopsis

The Fifth District Court of Appeal denied a petition for certiorari filed by a city seeking to bring a third-party equitable subrogation claim against health care providers in consolidated negligence actions. The court held that while judicial economy might support allowing such a claim if the cases were consolidated for trial, the trial court's order striking the claim did not depart from the essential requirements of law because the cases had not yet been consolidated for trial.


Holding

The court held that while equitable subrogation between an initial and subsequent tortfeasor is a recognized remedy, the trial court properly struck the third-party claim because the cases had not been consolidated for trial. The court noted that if the cases were consolidated for trial, judicial economy would support allowing the third-party claim, but that matter had not been presented to or ruled upon by the trial judge.


Headnotes

[1] An initial tortfeasor may be held liable for the negligent acts of subsequent tortfeasors where the initial negligence is the proximate cause of damages flowing from the…

[2] The right to equitable subrogation between an initial tortfeasor and subsequent tortfeasors does not necessarily require the filing of two successive actions.

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Key Quotes

“Although the traditional rules of subrogation support the view that the right to subrogation does not exist until an entire obligation has been discharged, this court recognized that the supreme court opinion which introduced the concept of 'equitable subrogation' between an initial tortfeasor and subsequent tortfeasors broke new ground, and noted that the supreme court did not hold that the filing of two successive actions was the sole and only way in which the remedy of equitable subrogation could be achieved.”

Establishes that equitable subrogation is a recognized remedy not limited to sequential actions

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Facts & Procedural History

A plaintiff sued a city for injuries resulting from negligent maintenance of a sidewalk, and also sued a doctor and hospital for negligent treatment o…

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Opinion of the Court
COWART, Judge.

COWART, Judge.

Two actions, one against a city alleging injuries resulting from the negligent maintenance of a sidewalk, and the other by the same plaintiff against a doctor and hospital alleging injuries resulting from negligent treatment of the injuries received as a result of the city’s negligence, were consolidated for purposes of discovery. The city filed a third party claim against the doctor and hospital (health care providers) for equitable subrogation which the health care providers moved to strike. The trial court struck the third party claim. The city petitions this court for a writ of certiorari alleging that in the interest of judicial economy the third party claim should be allowed.

In this case the city as initial tortfeasor may be held liable for the negligent acts of the subsequent tortfeasors as the city's negligence would be viewed as the proximate cause of the damages flowing from the subsequent negligent acts of the health care providers. See Stuart v. Hertz Corp., 351 So. 2d 703 (Fla.1977). The main question is whether the city’s action against the subsequent tortfeasors is appropriate as a third party claim, or whether the city should file a separate action after judgment against it has been rendered.

Although the traditional rules of subrogation support the view that the right to subrogation does not exist until an entire obligation has been discharged, this court recognized that the supreme court opinion1 which introduced the concept of “equitable subrogation” between an initial tortfeasor and subsequent tortfeasors broke new ground, and noted that the supreme court did not hold that the filing of two successive actions was the sole and only way in which the remedy of equitable subrogation could be achieved. See Munson and Assoc., Inc. v. Doctors Mercy Hospital, 458 So. 2d 789 (Fla. 5th DCA 1984).

Here the plaintiff has chosen to sue both the alleged initial tortfeasor and the alleged subsequent tortfeasors. The two cases have thus far been consolidated only for discovery. Although the plaintiff may be entitled to a judgment against the city for all damages resulting from both injuries, the plaintiff is entitled to a judgment against the health care providers only for damages resulting from their negligence, if it is possible to apportion the damages resulting from the alleged subsequent injuries.2 The city’s subrogation claim will necessitate an apportionment of damages re- suiting from both negligence claims. If the plaintiffs claim against the city for the alleged initial injury and the plaintiffs claim against the health care providers for the alleged subsequent injury were consolidated for trial, it would, as the city argues, promote judicial economy to allow the city’s subrogation claim to be presented as a third party claim and to let the one jury determine fault, liability and damages as to both negligence claims and to apportion the damages as to liability on the negligence claims and the subrogation claim. However, the two cases have not been consolidated for trial nor has that matter been presented to or ruled on by the trial judge. Therefore, at this time and this posture of the case, the order striking the city’s third party claim does not depart from the essential requirements of law and we deny the writ of certiorari.

PETITION FOR WRIT OF CERTIORA-RI DENIED.

ORFINGER and SHARP, JJ., concur. . See Underwriters at Lloyds v. City of Lauderdale Lakes, 382 So. 2d 702 (Fla.1980).

. See Pohl v. Witcher, 477 So. 2d 1015 (Fla. 1st DCA 1985).


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Citator

Cited By

  • Ward L. Huet and Joan Huet v. Mike Shad Ford, Inc., 915 So. 2d 723 (Fla. 5th DCA 2005)
    …the initial tortfeasors in causing the accident and Mike Shad Ford is a subsequent tortfeasor. In Florida, generally the initial tortfeasor is held liable for the negligent acts of subsequent tortfeasors. Insurance Co. of North America v. Sullivan, 475 So. 2d 287 (Fla. 5th DCA 1985). The Florida Supreme Court has held that the initial tortfeasor may not file a third-party complaint for indemnity or contribution for the alleged aggravation of the plaintiffs injuries caused by the malpractice of a physician w…
    1 / 2
  • Barnes v. Meece, 530 So. 2d 958 (Fla. 4th DCA 1988)
    …case it was acknowledged that the City of Lauder-dale Lakes, a defendant against whom a judgment was entered, had stated a separate cause of action in subrogation against the plaintiffs doctor. But cf. Insurance Company of North America v. Sullivan, 475 So. 2d 287 (Fla. 5th DCA 1985). The plaintiffs have elected to file two separate suits, one for malpractice and one for personal injury. They should not be forced into litigating their malpractice action simultaneously with the personal injury suit simply bec…

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