STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLANT,
v.
CHARLES B. PRUES, APPELLEE

Fla. 4th DCA | 1985-12-04
No. 85-390
LETTS and GLICKSTEIN, JJ., concur.
478 So. 2d 1196 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (1985) Negative Treatment
Cited by 9 cases

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Synopsis

The State appeals an order suppressing the results of a blood test taken from an appellee involved in a single-car accident, arguing the test was properly administered under a statute requiring such tests when a driver causes death or serious bodily injury.


Holding

The appellate court is reviewing the trial court's interpretation of a statute that mandates blood tests when a driver causes death or serious bodily injury, specifically whether 'serious bodily injury' refers to the driver or another person.


Headnotes

[1] A law enforcement officer may use reasonable force to require a person to submit to a blood test if the officer has probable cause to believe the person was driving under…

[2] The "death or serious bodily injury of a human being" required for mandatory blood testing under section 316.1933(1), Florida Statutes, refers to the injury or death of a…

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Facts & Procedural History

The appellee was involved in a single-car accident and had blood drawn for a DUI investigation without consent. The State failed to comply with certai…

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Opinion of the Court
HERSEY, Chief Judge.

HERSEY, Chief Judge.

The state appeals an order suppressing the results of a blood test.

Appellee, involved in a single-car accident, was placed on a stretcher preparatory to transport to a hospital. A sample of his blood was then taken upon authorization of a police officer pursuant to a criminal investigation as to whether appellee was driving under the influence of alcohol. For present purposes we assume that appellee suffered serious bodily injury in the accident, that the blood test was taken without his consent, and that the state failed to comply with section 316.1932, Florida Statutes (1983).

The issue is whether the blood test was properly administered pursuant to section 316.1933, Florida Statutes (1983). . That statute provides, in pertinent part:

(1) Notwithstanding any recognized ability to refuse to submit to the tests provided in s. 316.1932 or any recognized power to revoke the implied consent to such tests, if a law enforcement officer has probable cause to believe that a motor vehicle driven by or in the actual physical control of a person under the influence of alcoholic beverages or controlled substances has caused the death or serious bodily injury of a human being, such person shall submit, upon the request of a law enforcement officer, to a test of his blood for the purpose of determining the alcoholic content thereof or the presence of controlled substances therein. The law enforcement officer may use reasonable force if necessary to require such person to submit to the administration of the blood test. The blood test shall be performed in a reasonable manner. “Serious bodily injury” means a physical condition which creates a substantial risk of death; serious, personal disfigurement; or protracted loss or impairment of the function of any bodily member or organ.

The trial court held that “death or serious bodily injury of a human being” refers not to the accused driver but rather to “another” human being. On that basis the motion to suppress was granted.

Our task is to determine whether the word “another” should be read into the statute as it was by the trial court.

As noted by both parties, direct treatment of this statutory provision is a question of first impression in Florida. It has, however, been addressed indirectly and in dicta by two other district courts of appeal.

In State v. Williams, 417 So. 2d 755 (Fla. 5th DCA 1982), the court noted that the “more lengthy revised statute which goes into effect July 1, 1982” (referring to sections 316.1932 and 316.1933) contains “a new ‘get tough’ section;,[which] provides that a driver ... who has been involved in an accident which results in the death or serious injury of another human being has no right to refuse the blood test.” Id. at 758 n. 6 (emphasis added). Thus, the fifth district indicated that it interprets the phrase “human being” in the statute as referring to one other than the accused driver. But since Williams involved a situation where the driver of another car was killed, it was unnecessary for the court to consider whether the statute might also apply to the accused driver’s own injuries in the absence of another injured person.

The case of Beasley v. Mitel of Delaware, 449 So. 2d 365 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984), involved a single-car collision in which the driver died. No other persons were involved. A blood sample taken from decedent pursuant to section 316.1933 was found to have been improperly admitted into evidence in a workers’ compensation proceeding because of irregularities in the manner in which the blood was drawn. There was no discussion as to the applicability or nonapplicability of section 316.1933 to an accident in which only the driver himself was injured; rather, it was apparently taken for granted that the statute applied. Had the issue been raised and considered, the court might well have found the statute to be inapplicable.

There is no express language in section 316.1933(1) which states that the accused driver is intended to be excepted from the statute. However, section 316.1933(1) does say that a driver who is suspected of being intoxicated “shall submit, upon the request of a law enforcement officer,” to a blood test where he has caused the “death ... of a human being....” It is obvious that this cannot refer to the driver’s own death, since he would then be in no position to submit to a blood test at an officer’s request, and there is no indication that the alternative in the statute of causing “serious bodily injury” is to be interpreted in a different manner. Also, there is a strong indication in another section of chapter 316, as amended in 1984, that the “injury” referred to in section 316.1933(1) must be incurred by one other than the accused driver. Section 316.1931(2)(b), Florida Statutes (Supp.1984), states in pertinent part that “[a]ny person in violation of subsection (1) who by reason of such operation of a vehicle causes serious bodily injury to another, as defined in s. 316.1933 ... is guilty of a felony of the third degree_” (emphasis added.)

We conclude that section 316.1933(1) is inapplicable here and that the trial court did not err in granting appellee’s motion to suppress. Since the state failed to comply with section 316.1932, the blood sample was properly excluded. We therefore affirm the lower court’s order granting appellee’s motion to suppress.

AFFIRMED.

LETTS and GLICKSTEIN, JJ., concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • State v. Slaney, 653 So. 2d 422 (Fla. 3d DCA 1995)
    …g a traffic accident after he was injured in the county jail following his arrest held unauthorized by Sections 316.1932(l)(c), 316.1933(1), and thus results of scientific test performed on such sample were inadmissible in evidence); State v. Prues, 478 So. 2d 1196 (Fla. 4th DCA 1985) (blood sample taken from a defendant arrested for DUI involved in one-car traffic accident in which only the defendant was seriously injured held unauthorized under then-existing Section 316.1933(1) and thus results of scientific…
  • State v. Perez, 531 So. 2d 961 (Fla. 1988)
    …urement; or protracted loss or impairment of the function of any bodily member or organ. (Emphasis added.) Despite the trial court’s belief that the sample was lawfully drawn, it granted Perez’ motion to suppress on the authority of State v. Prues, 478 So. 2d 1196 (Fla. 4th DCA 1985). In Prues, the district court held that the statute authorizes a blood test only where a person other than the suspect driver has been killed or seriously injured. The trial court’s ruling herein was affirmed by the Second Distri…
  • State v. Perez, 510 So. 2d 1144 (Fla. 2d DCA 1987)
    …was drawn because the appellee was seriously injured and the law enforcement officer at the scene detected the smell of alcohol on the appellee’s breath. The county court granted the appellee’s motion to suppress on the authority of State v. Prues, 478 So. 2d 1196 (Fla. 4th DGA 1985), but stated that it believed the blood sample was legally drawn and the motion should be denied. Consequently, it subsequently entered an order certifying a question of great public importance questioning the propriety of State v…

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