JUAN RODRIGUEZ, APPELLANT,
v.
THE STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 3d DCA | 1986-03-04
No. 84-2209
Before HENDRY, HUBBART and NES-BITT, JJ.
484 So. 2d 1297 Florida District Court of Appeal, Third District (1986) Caution
Cited by 11 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.


Holding

The court held that the trial court erred in denying the motion to suppress because the officers violated the knock-and-announce statute by entering the defendant's apartment without waiting for refusal of admittance, and the officer-peril exception did not apply.


Headnotes

[1] A search warrant execution violates Florida Statutes § 933.09 when officers forcibly enter a premises after announcing their authority and purpose but before being refuse…

[2] The "officer peril" exception to the knock-and-announce rule does not apply solely because a search warrant targets a stolen firearm.

Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Facts & Procedural History

Police executed a search warrant for a stolen pistol at the defendant's apartment. They announced their presence but entered without waiting for a res…

The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.


Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

This is an appeal from a final judgment of conviction and sentence for unlawful possession of a short-barreled shotgun entered upon a nolo contendere plea in which the defendant properly reserved for appellate review the denial of a motion to suppress. We conclude that the trial court erred in denying the motion to suppress and reverse.

The order denying the motion to suppress states the facts pertaining to the subject search as follows:

“On March 2, 1984 the Monroe County Sheriff’s Department served a Search Warrant issued by this Court on defendants’ apartment located in Marathon, Monroe County, Florida. The Warrant directed the officers to search for certain stolen property, to wit: a stolen semi-automatic pistol. At the time the officers arrived the officers knocked on the door (which was slightly ajar) and announced their presence. Without awaiting response, the officers then entered the premises and proceeded to search. The search uncovered first a twelve-gauge short-barreled shotgun and second a nine millimeter Berretta. After finding these weapons, the officers continued to search for cocaine which they believed to be on the property.”

It is plain from the above that the police forcibly entered the defendant’s apartment after announcing their authority and purpose — but before they had been denied admittance to the house. As the trial court recognized, this action plainly violated Section 933.09, Florida Statutes (1983), which provides:

“933.09 Officer may break open door, etc., to execute warrant. — The officer may break open any outer door, inner door or window of a house, or any part of a house or anything therein, to execute the warrant, if after due notice of his authority and purpose he is refused admittance to said house or access to anything therein." (emphasis added).

This being so, the short-barreled shotgun seized while executing the warrant was, on its face, inadmissible in evidence at trial and was subject to being suppressed below. Benefield v. State, 16G So. 2d 706 (Fla.1964); Whisnant v. State, 303 So. 2d 397 (Fla. 3d DCA 1974), cert. denied, 323 So. 2d 273 (Fla.1975).

The trial court, however, denied the motion to suppress on the ground that an exception engrafted on the above statute in Benefield v. State, supra, was applicable in this case, namely, that the knock and announce requirements need not be complied with where the officer’s peril would have been increased had he properly announced his authority and purpose and then been denied admittance. The trial court concluded that this exception was applicable because (1) the search warrant directed the officers to search for a stolen gun, and (2) the officers had received reliable information that there was cocaine on the premises and that the purpose of the weapon was for use in protecting the cocaine. We cannot agree.

First, a search warrant, as here, which orders the seizure of a stolen gun cannot, without more, support the above-stated officer-peril exception to the knock and announce requirements of the statute. See State v. Drowne, 436 So. 2d 916, 920 (Fla. 4th DCA), pet. for review denied, 441 So. 2d 633 (Fla.1983). Second, the trial court based its officer-peril findings on police deposition testimony which was not admitted at the hearing on the motion to suppress. Although the parties below agreed to allow the trial court to consult the discovery depositions to refresh the court’s memory prior to ruling on the motion to suppress (the motion was taken under advisement), defense counsel specifically objected to any reliance on the above-stated police deposition concerning cocaine being on the premises, and the trial court agreed to disregard this testimony. Beyond that, the police deposition testimony in question was entirely too vague, in any event, to support the above-stated exception to the knock and announce requirements.1 Plainly, the subject exception was inapplicable and the motion to suppress should have been granted. We have not overlooked the other arguments advanced by the state to sustain the order under review, but find them unpersuasive. See Earman v. State, 265 So. 2d 695 (Fla.1972).

The final judgment of conviction and sentence under review are reversed and the cause is remanded to the trial court with directions to grant the motion to suppress and discharge the defendant from the cause.

Reversed and remanded.

. This testimony, as quoted in the order under review, is as follows:

. the gun was the primary target because the gun could kill a policeman and the drugs, if we found stolen property or drugs while we were searching for the gun, that would just have been, you know, that would have been something additional. But we knew we had a drug dealer supposed to be carrying a stolen gun to protect his drugs and we, I'd even warned, you know, the patrolmen to be careful if you run across these guys on the street. You stop him, just a traffic stop, you could get shot. So we was wanting to take the gun away from him.’ (Deposition of Detective Barber, page 16).”

Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • Richardson v. State, 787 So. 2d 906 (Fla. 2d DCA 2001)
    …te that the occupant does not have a reasonable opportunity to respond, the search violates section 933.09. Holloway v. State, 718 So. 2d 1281, 1282 (Fla. 2d DCA 1998). See also Craft v. State, 638 So. 2d 1011 (Fla. 2d DCA 1994); Rodriguez v. State, 484 So. 2d 1297 (Fla. 3d DCA 1986). Cf. Braham v. State, 724 So. 2d 592 (Fla. 2d DCA 1998) (holding that five- to ten-second wait before forcible entry into very small mobile home was reasonable where deputies could hear someone moving about inside, no one picked u…
  • State v. Avendano, 540 So. 2d 920 (Fla. 2d DCA 1989)
    …relies on several cases wherein it was held that information of firearms likely to be present on the premises did not justify the officer peril exception to section 933.09. Each of these cases is distinguishable on its facts. In Rodriguez v. State, 484 So. 2d 1297 (Fla. 3d DCA 1986), the court determined that the officer’s testimony was too vague to support the Benefield exception. Here, a reliable confidential informant provided information that Avenda-no and two others would be armed on the morning of the e…
  • Roundtree v. State, 544 So. 2d 1101 (Fla. 1st DCA 1989)
    …s’ standing to object to the alleged unlawful entry of the motel room that they occupied, they were entitled to the protections of section 901.19, which has been generally construed as requiring strict compliance. For example, in Rodriguez v. State, 484 So. 2d 1297 (Fla. 3d DCA 1986), the court held that evidence seized in execution of a search warrant should have been suppressed, because, although the police announced their authority and purpose before they forcibly entered the defendant’s apartment, they neg…

Previewing 3 of 6 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Authorities Cited

Full citator, related cases, and AI research tools

Open in FLexlaw