HERBERT L. HIRSH AND MARLENE HIRSH, HIS WIFE, ON BEHALF OF THEMSELVES AND ALL OTHERS SIMILARLY SITUATED, APPELLANTS,
v.
J. DOYLE CREWS, PROPERTY APPRAISER OF COLUMBIA COUNTY AND RANDY MILLER, EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, STATE OF FLORIDA, DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE, APPELLEES

Fla. 1st DCA | 1986-09-09
No. BI-249
NIMMONS, J., and WILLIS, Associate Judge, concur.
494 So. 2d 260 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (1986) Positive Treatment
Cited by 16 cases

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Holding

The court held that the jurisdictional requirements of section 194.171, Florida Statutes, must be met by each individual class member, and a class action filed by representative plaintiffs who meet the requirements does not satisfy the statute for non-compliant members.


Headnotes

[1] A statute providing that no action shall be brought to contest a tax assessment after sixty (60) days from the date the assessment being contested is certified for collec…

[2] Jurisdictional requirements for contesting a tax assessment include timely filing of an action and payment of admitted taxes, with the collector issuing a receipt filed w…

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Facts & Procedural History

Appellants filed a class action challenging ad valorem tax assessments, claiming their filing within the 60-day period under section 194.171(2), Flori…

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Opinion of the Court
WENTWORTH, Judge.

WENTWORTH, Judge.

Appellants seek review of a final order denying them class action status and dismissing their challenge to ad valorem tax assessments.

Appellants Herbert and Marlene Hirsh claim their filing as representative plain tiffs a class action to challenge tax assessments within the 60-day claims period provided under section 194.171(2), Florida Statutes, commenced the action for all members of the class. We disagree and affirm.

Appellants Hirsh are residents of Columbia County and' owners of single family residential property. The plaintiff class is comprised of all Columbia County taxpayers whose single family residential property was allegedly reassessed on the 1984 Columbia County real property tax roll at a higher level than all other single family residential property in Columbia County.

In July 1984 the Columbia County property appraiser completed and submitted to the Florida Department of Revenue the 1984 Columbia County real property tax assessment roll assessing 21,969 real property parcels in Columbia County. The assessment roll figures for single family residences were determined in two ways. The single family residences owned by the plaintiff class were systematically reassessed using 1984 market figures for a per square foot base rate. The remainder of the single family residences in the county were not reassessed, but were carried over from the prior year’s tax roll, which employed a substantially lower base rate. Not all single family residences on the tax roll were reassessed because there was not enough time to reassess all parcels.

On December 6, 1984, appellants Hirsh paid to the Columbia County tax collector the full amount of the property tax assessment for the property they own. The tax collector issued a receipt for the payment of the taxes. Appellants Hirsh then on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated filed a class action complaint pursuant to Rule 1.220, Fla.R.Civ.P., claiming unconstitutional and discriminatory reassessment of their property on the 1984 county tax roll. The Hirsh’s individual claim is approximately $120, while the aggregate claim of the class members, who number from 2500 to 4000, is approximately $246,500. Appellants Hirsh admitted in pleadings that no taxpayers other than themselves had complied with the provisions of section 194.171 that require filing of an action to challenge a tax assessment within 60 days of the date the assessment is certified, and the filing of a receipt for the payment of the disputed tax.

The lower court found that the action was not maintainable on behalf of a class of taxpayers who had not brought an action within the claim period.

Section 194.171, Florida Statutes (1983), provides that:

(2) No action shall be brought to contest a tax assessment after sixty (60) days from the date the assessment being contested is certified for collection ...

(3) Before a taxpayer may bring an action to contest the tax assessment, he shall pay to the collector not less than the amount of the tax which he admits in good faith to be owing. The collector shall issue a receipt for the payment, and the taxpayer shall file a receipt with his complaint.

(5) No action to contest a tax assessment may be maintained, and any such action shall be dismissed, unless all taxes on the property assessed in years after the action is brought, which the taxpayer in good faith admits to be owing, are paid before they become delinquent.

(6) The requirements of subsections (2), (3) and (5) are jurisdictional. No court shall have jurisdiction in such cases until after the requirements of both subsections (2) and (3) have been met. A court shall lose jurisdiction of a case when the taxpayer has failed to comply with the requirements of subsection (5).

The Supreme Court, in Miller v. Molte, 453 So. 2d 397 (Fla.1984), expressly rejected its prior characterization of section 194.171(2) as a statute of nonclaim, holding it to be instead a statute of limitation. Although Miller was decided after the 1983 amendment of section 194.171, which added subsection (6), the amendment did not apply to the pre-1983 tax assessment at issue in that case. Subsequently section 194.-171(2), as amended, has been construed to be a statute of nonclaim acting as an absolute bar to any suit filed after the 60 day time limit. Gulfside Vacations Inc. v. Schultz, 479 So. 2d 776 (Fla. 2d DCA 1985). We find that construction to be correct and controlling.

Because section 194.171 is jurisdictional, payment of taxes owed by the representative plaintiffs alone, filing of their tax receipt, and filing of an action within the 60 day limit as a class action, would not satisfy the requirements of the statute as to the other members of the class. Under the statute as amended, the trial court had no power or authority to determine the rights of taxpayers who did not meet the requirements of section 194.171.

The court in this case therefore properly denied plaintiffs’ class action status and dismissed the cause.

Affirmed.

NIMMONS, J., and WILLIS, Associate Judge, concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • …utes. Cf. Comerica Bank & Tmst, F.S.B. v. SDI Operating Partners, L.P., 673 So. 2d 163 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996) (construing the two-year period in section 733.710 as a statute of repose because the period cannot be enlarged by the court); Hirsh v. Crews, 494 So. 2d 260 (Fla. 1st DCA 1986) (construing the 60-day period in section 174.171 as a statute of non-claim that is an absolute bar to any suit filed after that period). In sum, we hold that the 18-year statute of repose in GARA and the 12-year statute of repos…
  • Ward v. Brown, 894 So. 2d 811 (Fla. 2004)
    …the property is located, except that venue shall be in Leon County when the property is assessed pursuant to s. 193.085(4). § 194.171(1), Fla. Stat. (2001). In its order, the trial court explained its rationale: The Defendants cite Hirsh v. Crews, 494 So. 2d 260, (Fla. 1st DCA 1986), in which the District Court of Appeals [sic] held that a class action suit is not maintainable on behalf of a class of taxpayers who did not bring an action within the claim period. In Hirsh, the Plaintiffs, within sixty (60) d…
  • Dep't OF Revenue v. M.E. Rudd and Jean C. Rudd, 545 So. 2d 369 (Fla. 1st DCA 1989)
    …84 and 1985 to make the time limit and prepayment requirements jurisdictional. See Gulfside Interval Vacations, Inc. v. Schultz, 479 So. 2d 776 (Fla. 2d DCA 1985), rev. denied 488 So. 2d 830 (Fla.1986). Citing Gulfside, this court in Hirsh v. Crews, 494 So. 2d 260 (Fla. 1st DCA 1986), held that the amendment made the requirements jurisdictional. The result is that, while there should be no bar to the Rudds’ claim that their earlier filed mortgage had priority over the warrant if the mortgage was not a fraudul…

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