IN RE JQC NO. 84-200 INQUIRY CONCERNING A JUDGE, JUDGE JACK BLOCK

Fla. | 1986-10-16
No. 67298
McDonald, C.J., and ADKINS, OVER-TON, EHRLICH, SHAW and BARKETT, JJ., concur., BOYD, J., concurs in part and dissents in part with an opinion.
496 So. 2d 133 Florida Supreme Court (1986) Positive Treatment
Cited by 6 cases

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Synopsis

The Florida Supreme Court reviewed a Judicial Qualifications Commission report finding that respondent Judge Jack Block violated professional responsibility rules while a practicing attorney. The Court approved the Commission's findings of guilt on two counts and imposed a public reprimand as discipline.


Holding

The Court approved the Commission's finding that respondent violated Disciplinary Rules through fee-splitting agreements with non-lawyers and a suspended attorney, and through placing bets with bookies. Respondent was found guilty on Counts I and II, not guilty on Counts III and V (which were not proven by clear and convincing evidence), and Count IV was dismissed. The appropriate discipline is a public reprimand.


Headnotes

[1] An attorney violates disciplinary rules by sharing legal fees with a suspended attorney.

[2] An attorney violates disciplinary rules by agreeing to split or divide fees with persons who are not lawyers.

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Key Quotes

“respondent shared legal fees with Milton Wassman, who was a suspended attorney at the time. The Commission further found that respondent shared fees on a percentage basis with his then secretary, Linda Tillman, who was not a lawyer.”

Establishes the core violations in Count I regarding improper fee-splitting with non-lawyers and suspended attorneys

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Facts & Procedural History

Between 1982 and 1984, respondent shared legal fees with Milton Wassman, a suspended attorney, and with his secretary Linda Tillman on a percentage ba…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

This proceeding is before us to review a report of the Judicial Qualifications Commission which found that respondent had violated various Disciplinary Rules of the Code of Professional Responsibility at a point in time when he was a practicing attorney. We have jurisdiction, article V, section 12, Florida Constitution. We approve the Commission’s findings and agree with its recommendation that respondent appear before this Court to receive a public reprimand.

The Commission charged respondent with five counts of misconduct; the Commission found respondent guilty of Counts I and II and not guilty of Counts III and V. Count IV was dismissed by the Commission.

Count I involved conduct occurring between 1982 and 1984 while respondent was a practicing attorney in Dade County. The facts as found by the Commission indicate that respondent shared legal fees with Milton Wassman, who was a suspended attorney at the time. The Commission further found that respondent shared fees on a percentage basis with his then secretary, Linda Tillman, who was not a lawyer. The Commission found these actions were agreements to split or divide fees with persons who are not lawyers. Respondent has admitted that these acts were violations of Disciplinary Rules 1-102(A)(1), (2) and (6); DR 2-103(B), (C) and (E); and DR 3-102 and DR 3-104 of the Code of Professional Responsibility.

Count II alleged that respondent, in 1982 and 1983, placed wagers and bets with “bookies” in violation of Florida criminal statutes. The Commission based its finding of guilt on the testimony of two of respondent’s former secretaries and various registered mail return receipts. Respondent testified that he placed bets only with friends who, for years, had family going to the track every day. The Commission found this testimony to be “incredible” and concluded that respondent's conduct violated Disciplinary Rule 1-102(A), (1), (3), (4), (5) and (6),

Count III involved the willful and false reporting of a campaign contribution during respondent’s 1982 race for Mayor of the City of South Miami. The Commission found that this charge was not proven by clear and convincing evidence and thus found respondent not guilty of this count. Count V charged respondent with falsifying the purchase price of real property and depriving the state of documentary stamp revenue. Although the Commission found that this charge was not proven by clear and convincing evidence, it concluded that the transaction at issue showed that respondent “knows very little about the Code of Professional Responsibility.”

We approve the Commission’s findings and recommendation of discipline. Accordingly, we hold that respondent will appear before this Court, at a date to be set by the Court, to receive a public reprimand.

It is so ordered.

McDonald, C.J., and ADKINS, OVER-TON, EHRLICH, SHAW and BARKETT, JJ., concur. BOYD, J., concurs in part and dissents in part with an opinion.

Other
BOYD, Justice,

BOYD, Justice,

concurring in part and dissenting in part.

I concur in the Court’s decision to impose a public reprimand but dissent to the requirement that Judge Jack Block personally appear before this Court to receive the reprimand. Under the circumstances of this case I would reject the recommendation of a personal appearance and would impose the reprimand by publication of a simple written order. There is nothing in the record before us to show that Judge Block is incapable, unqualified, or unworthy to hold his judicial office. The evidence showed certain acts, charged by the Judicial Qualifications Commission as misconduct, occurring before respondent became a judge. I do not believe that the misconduct shown warrants a personal appearance before the Court for imposition of a public reprimand. In no case within my knowledge has this Court required a judge to personally appear for a reprimand. This case certainly does not call for such a departure from precedent.

Judge Block has expressed remorse and repentance for the fact that on occasion, he paid his law practice employees a percentage of fees he had earned, a violation of the Code of Professional Responsibility. He has accepted the recommendation of a public reprimand. Judge Block continues to dispute the finding that he engaged in willful violations of the gambling laws, but is willing to abide by the recommendation of a public reprimand. The remaining accusations of the J.Q.C. have been either stricken or properly found to be unsupported by evidence. Under these circumstances, I do not believe any valid purpose is served by the requirement of a personal appearance before the Court for the administering of the public reprimand.

Judge Block is a judge of the County Court of Dade county. He is responsible for a crowded docket of court proceedings. To require Judge Block to travel from Miami to Tallahassee to receive his public reprimand would disrupt the timely and orderly disposition of cases in his court. Moreover, it would impose an additional burden of expense upon him after he has had to bear substantial expenses already in the J.Q.C. proceeding and the review proceeding in this Court. It would serve no purpose other than the infliction of needless additional chastisement.

I therefore concur with the public reprimand but dissent to the Court’s requirement of a personal appearance. I would impose a public reprimand by simple written order.


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Cited By

  • In re Inquiry Concerning a Judge v. Wood, 720 So. 2d 506 (Fla. 1998)
    …r cases, this Court has required that the judge being disciplined make a personal appearance to receive his or her public reprimand. See In re Alley, 699 So. 2d 1369, 1369-70 (Fla.1997); In re Sturgis, 529 So. 2d 281, 281-86 (Fla.1988); In re Block, 496 So. 2d 133, 134-35 (Fla.1986). In In re Norris, 581 So. 2d 578, 579 (Fla.1991), this Court found that requiring a judge to make a personal appearance to receive a public reprimand “truly is extraordinary and has been done only when the judge’s conduct reflects…
  • Inquiry Concerning a Judge, 755 So. 2d 110 (Fla. 2000)
    …1, 632 (Fla.1999) (requiring that judge appear in person to receive public reprimand based on various acts of misconduct); In re Alley, 699 So. 2d 1369, 1369-70 (Fla.1997) (same); In re Sturgis, 529 So. 2d 281, 281-86 (Fla.1988) (same); In re Block, 496 So. 2d 133, 134-35 (Fla.1986) (same). In accordance with the policy recently announced in In re Frank, we call Judge Schwartz to appear before this Court to be publicly reprimanded because of the seriousness of our concern about his breaches of acceptable con…
  • …hows that such a measure truly is extraordinary and has been done only when the judge’s conduct reflects either a wilful disregard of the law or serious, cumulative misconduct on the bench. Kg., In re Sturgis, 529 So. 2d 281 (Fla.1988); In re Block, 496 So. 2d 133 (Fla.1986). Neither are present here. Indeed, this record shows that Judge Norris’ conduct was a one-time personal crisis compounded by the undiagnosed disease of alcoholism that had afflicted him. While this illness resulted in hospitalization and…

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