WALTER BLACKSHEAR, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
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The defendant failed to meet the initial burden of demonstrating a strong likelihood that the state's peremptory challenges were exercised solely because of race.
[1] A party seeking to challenge the opposing party's exercise of peremptory challenges must make a timely objection and initially demonstrate that the challenged persons are…
[2] The mere exclusion of a number of individuals of a particular race by itself is insufficient to establish a strong likelihood of discriminatory purpose in the exercise of…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceDuring jury selection, the state used peremptory challenges to excuse eight black prospective jurors, and the defense moved to strike the panel on rac…
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NIMMONS, Judge.
This appeal arises from the conviction of appellant for the sexual battery of a person under 12 years of age. Evidence showed that appellant and another enticed the 11-year old female victim into an abandoned house and sexually battered her. We affirm.
During jury selection, eight of the nine prospective jurors who were peremptorily challenged by the state were black. The state did not use its tenth challenge. The defendant, a black person, used his ten peremptory challenges to excuse nine whites and one black.
The court denied a defense motion to allow more than the ten peremptory challenges already used. At the conclusion of the selection of the regular jurors (all six of whom were white) but before selection of the alternate juror, defense counsel orally moved that the court strike the entire panel. Counsel’s sparsely stated ground was that “eight [challenges] have gone to exclude black potential jurors, and he is obviously making an attempt to provide a jury that is of a different race than the defendant.” Inasmuch as no suggestion had theretofore been made of any discriminatory purpose in the exercise of peremptory challenges, there initially appeared to be uncertainty by the trial judge and prosecuting attorney as to the race of those who had been excused during the selection process. However, the court and prosecuting attorney apparently acquiesced in the accuracy of defense counsel’s representation as to the race of the jurors who had been excused.
After defense counsel moved to strike the jury panel, the following colloquy occurred:
THE COURT: Do you want to put anything on the Record?
MR. FINA: If you want me to. If you are asking for a response, the only response I could make is I think the objection at this point would be untimely for this whole thing because I can’t go back and recall why I struck each one. If the Court would like to give me an opportunity, and I so request, I could do that and go back through my notes. I had a valid reason beside any racial issue to exclude each one of these jurors, and they were not all black. There was one white. And as you are well aware, the total pool was made up of a composition of quite a few blacks, as well.
Without further comment by either the court or defense counsel, the court denied the defense motion. The alternate juror was then selected who, incidentally, was black.
Under State v. Neil, 457 So. 2d 481 (Fla.1984), there is a presumption that peremptory challenges have been exercised in a nondiscriminatory manner, and a party seeking to challenge opposing counsel’s exercise of peremptories must make timely objection and has the initial burden of demonstrating on the record that the challenged persons are members of a distinct racial group and that there is a strong likelihood that they have been challenged solely because of their race. Id. at 486. See also Batson v. Kentucky, - U.S. -, 106 S.Ct. 1712, 90 L.Ed.2d 69 (1986).
We will assume, without deciding, that defense counsel’s objection was timely.1 However, we hold that the defendant failed in his initial burden. Although he apparently did establish (through acquiescence if not by the record) that the challenged persons were members of a distinct racial group, he did not carry his burden of demonstrating that there was a strong likelihood that they were challenged solely because of race. See Parker v. State, 476 So. 2d 134, 138 (Fla.1985). The mere exclusion of a number of blacks by itself is insufficient to entitle a party to an inquiry into the other party’s use of peremptories. State v. Neil, supra at 487, n. 10; see also Taylor v. State, 491 So. 2d 1150 (Fla. 4th DCA 1986) (defendant’s initial burden not met by counsel’s pointing out that all five prospective black jurors had been challenged). Moreover, as in Cotton v. State, 468 So. 2d 1047 (Fla. 4th DCA 1985), racially neutral reasons for many of the state’s peremptory challenges of the black prospective jurors were apparent from the record of the voir dire examination.
Although, as we have held, the defense did not meet its initial burden under Neil, the prosecuting attorney at the hearing on the motion for new trial augmented the record by articulating specific reasons for his having excused the various black jurors. Such reasons were racially neutral such that, even had the defendant met his initial burden, it would have been incumbent upon the trial court to deny the defense motion to dismiss the panel.
We have examined the remaining points urged by the appellant and find them to be without merit.
AFFIRMED.
WENTWORTH and WIGGINTON, JJ., concur. . On the timeliness question we observe that counsel expressed no concern regarding the state’s use of its peremptory challenges until he had used all ten of his own peremptories. And defense counsel offered no reason for the delay in raising his objection to the state's alleged discriminatory exercise of its peremptories.
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State v. Slappy, 522 So. 2d 18 (Fla. 1988)…BARKETT, Justice. We have for review Slappy v. State, 503 So. 2d 350 (Fla. 3d DCA 1987), based on express and direct conflict with Blackshear v. State, 504 So. 2d 1330 (Fla. 1st DCA 1987). We have jurisdiction. Art. Y, § 3(b)(3), Fla.Const. We approve the decision below. The issue in this case is the appropriate procedure to follow when a claim of racial discrimination through the exercise of peremptory challenge…
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Blackshear v. State, 521 So. 2d 1083 (Fla. 1988)…BARKETT, Justice. We have for review Blackshear v. State, 504 So. 2d 1330 (Fla. 1st DCA 1987), based upon express and direct conflict with Slap-py v. State, 503 So. 2d 350 (Fla. 3d DCA 1987). We have jurisdiction. Art. V, § 3(b)(3), Fla. Const. We find that the trial court erred in failing to conduct a timely inquiry unde…
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Pearson v. State, 514 So. 2d 374 (Fla. 2d DCA 1987)…y two of our sister courts have indicated that the Neil test is still to be applied in determining whether a defendant has established a prima facie case of racial discrimination in the use of peremptory challenges by the state. Blackshear v. State, 504 So. 2d 1330 (Fla. 1st DCA 1987); Kibler v. State, 501 So. 2d 76 (Fla. 5th DCA 1987). The courts stated in these cases that the exclusion of a number of blacks by itself is insufficient to trigger an inquiry into a party’s use of peremptory challenges, citing Ne…
Previewing 3 of 9 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Batson v. Kentucky, 476 U.S. 79 (U.S. 1986)
- State v. Neil, 457 So. 2d 481 (Fla. 1984)
- J.B. Parker v. State, 476 So. 2d 134 (Fla. 1985)
- Taylor v. State, 491 So. 2d 1150 (Fla. 4th DCA 1986)
- Cotton v. State, 468 So. 2d 1047 (Fla. 4th DCA 1985)