CLYDE GARLAND WAYNE, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 5th DCA | 1987-09-03
No. 86-2133
UPCHURCH, C.J., concurs., SHARP, J., dissenting with opinion.
513 So. 2d 689 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fifth District (1987) Negative Treatment
Cited by 24 cases

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Synopsis

A defendant who pleaded guilty to burglary was sentenced to 30 months' incarceration followed by 2.5 years' probation. After serving the full incarceration term and violating probation, he was resentenced to four additional years. The court held this second sentencing violated double jeopardy because the defendant had already fully served his original confinement sentence, leaving no suspended portion to impose upon probation violation.


Holding

A defendant cannot constitutionally be sentenced a second time for the same offense merely because he violated probation appended to a lawful sentence of confinement that has been fully served. Double jeopardy prohibits such a second sentencing when no portion of the original confinement sentence remains suspended or unserved.


Headnotes

[1] A defendant who has fully served a period of incarceration cannot be resentenced to additional incarceration for violating a subsequent period of probation appended to th…

[2] A "split sentence" properly imposed involves suspending a portion of the original incarceration sentence, allowing for recommitment to serve the suspended portion upon vi…

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Key Quotes

“The defendant, having already been sentenced once, cannot constitutionally be sentenced a second time for the same offense merely because he has violated the probation appended to the lawful sentence of confinement.”

Establishes the core double jeopardy violation at issue in the case

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Facts & Procedural History

Wayne pleaded guilty to burglary and was sentenced to 30 months' incarceration followed by 2.5 years' probation. He served the entire 30-month incarce…

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Opinion of the Court
COWART, Judge.

COWART, Judge.

The defendant originally plead guilty to burglary of a structure, (section 810.02, Florida Statutes (1985)). The trial judge sentenced him to thirty months’ incarceration to be followed by two and one-half years on probation. The defendant served the entire thirty months’ incarceration and was released from confinement. During the following two and one-half years, a warrant for violation of probation was issued and the defendant admitted the violation of conditions of probation. The trial judge revoked the probation and resen-teneed him to four years’ incarceration. The defendant appeals complaining that the new sentence was an unauthorized departure from the recommended guidelines sentence.

The real problem in this case is more fundamental than a mere unauthorized departure sentence. The problem is that the sentence form contained in Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.986 has a proper provision for imposing a “split” sentence which is done under the appropriate statute 1 by imposing a sentence to a term of confinement, then providing that after service of some specified portion of that sentence, the balance of that sentence is to be suspended and the defendant is released from confinement and placed on probation (or community control) for a specified period. Then when the defendant violates probation (or community control), he can be recommitted under the original sentence and made to serve any portion of the suspended portion of the original confinement sentence. In such a case only one sentence is imposed and there is no double jeopardy problem.

The trouble in this case is caused by the sentence form in Rule 3.986 which also provides for what is erroneously presumed to be a second method of imposing a “split” sentence — imposing a period of confinement merely followed by a period of probation. In such a case, if the sentence of confinement is served in full before the defendant is released on probation and the defendant later violates that probation, there is no suspended portion of the original sentence of confinement left to be served. The defendant, having already been sentenced once, cannot constitutionally be sentenced a second time for the same offense merely because he has violated the probation appended to the lawful sentence of confinement. This is all explained in Poore v. State, 503 So. 2d 1282 (Fla. 5th DCA 1987), rev. pending, Supreme Court Case No. 70,397. See also, Kelly v. State, 508 So. 2d 788 (Fla. 5th DCA 1987).

The difference between this case and Poore is that Poore had not served the full term of his sentence of confinement when he violated probation, therefore he could be recommitted under his original sentence for further confinement. However, in this case Wayne has served his full sentence of thirty months’ confinement. Therefore, there is no portion of his sentence of confinement left for him to serve as a consequence of his probation violation. Constitutional double jeopardy prohibits him from being sentenced a second time for the same burglary and he must be released as to that charge.

Rule 3.986 should be modified to eliminate the misleading portion of the sentence form that attempts to provide for a “split” sentence by simply providing for a period of probation following a sentence of confinement no portion of which is suspended for later imposition in the event the defendant violates probation.

The sentence of November 13, 1986, relating to “the same offense” for which the defendant was sentenced on June 21, 1985, is vacated, and the defendant is discharged from further confinement as to this burglary offense.

SENTENCE VACATED.

UPCHURCH, C.J., concurs.

SHARP, J., dissenting with opinion.

. Section 948.01(8), Florida Statutes (1985) provides:

(8) Whenever punishment by imprisonment for a misdemeanor or a felony, except for a capital felony, is prescribed, the court, in its discretion, may, at the time of sentencing, impose a split sentence whereby the defendant is to be placed on probation or, with respect to any such felony, into community control upon completion of any specified period of such sentence which may include a term of years or less. In such case, the court shall stay and withhold the imposition of the remainder of sentence imposed upon the defendant and direct that the defendant be placed upon probation or into community control after serving such period as may be imposed by the court. The period of probation or community control shall commence immediately upon the release of the defendant from incarceration, whether by parole or gaintime allowances.
Dissent
SHARP, Judge,

SHARP, Judge,

dissenting.

I dissent for the reasons expressed in my specially concurring opinion in Poore v. State, 503 So. 2d 1282 (Fla. 5th DCA 1987). Kelly v. State, 508 So. 2d 788 (Fla. 5th DCA 1987) is only in point if one accepts the majority’s view that the facts of this case constitute an ab initio resentencing. That is the question, and one that needs answering by our supreme court.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By (12 total)

  • Poore v. State, 531 So. 2d 161 (Fla. 1988)
    …emainder of the original split sentence. It reasoned that the defendant already had been sentenced and the trial court thus lacked the authority to impose a second sentence. 503 So. 2d at 1285-86. This rationale again was applied in Wayne v. State, 513 So. 2d 689 (Fla. 5th DCA 1987). There, however, the district court precluded the “resentencing” of a defendant who had violated probation imposed pursuant to a second kind of split sentence, which, for convenience, we will call a “probationary split sentence.”…
  • Franklin v. State, 526 So. 2d 159 (Fla. 5th DCA 1988)
    …fter reviewing the file as required by State v. Causey, 503 So. 2d 321 (Fla.1987), we directed the public defender to file a supplemental brief addressing the applicability of Poore v. State, 503 So. 2d 1282 (Fla. 5th DCA 1987),2 and Wayne v. State, 513 So. 2d 689 (Fla. 5th DCA 1987).3 In Poore, a youthful offender was sentenced to a term of four and one-half years, with the incarcerative portion of the sentence suspended after two and one-half years and the defendant placed on probation for two years. After…
  • McKINLEY v. State, 519 So. 2d 1154 (Fla. 5th DCA 1988)
    …y splitting the execution of the one valid sentence of confinement and reserving or deferring some portion of it to be imposed in the event the probation is violated. . See also Wilson v. State, 515 So. 2d 254 (Fla. 5th DCA 1987); Wayne v. State, 513 So. 2d 689 (Fla. 5th DCA 1987); Kelly v. State, 508 So. 2d 788 (Fla. 5th DCA 1987). . “Latent” is an understatement. The constitutional problems involved in attempting to sentence a defendant a second time after a prior valid sentence has been imposed mere…
    1 / 2

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