STANLEY W. EPSTEIN AND MARJORIE EPSTEIN MASSING, APPELLANTS,
v.
LEONARD EPSTEIN, CITY NATIONAL BANK OF MIAMI, A NATIONAL BANKING ASSOCIATION, AND CITY NATIONAL BANK OF MIAMI, TRUSTEE UNDER THE WILL OF BEN EPSTEIN, APPELLEES
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The court held that the denial of discovery was an abuse of discretion and that the trial court should reconsider the plaintiffs' demand for a jury trial.
[1] Denial of discovery is an abuse of discretion when the requested materials are relevant to the subject matter of the pending action.
[2] A misrepresentation regarding the percentage of ownership in a corporation can be significant to the valuation of stock in that corporation.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligencePlaintiffs sued their brother and a bank trustee over a trust holding stock in a corporation. They alleged the stock was undervalued due to excessive …
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PER CURIAM.
The parties to this long-time dispute over a trust are a son and daughter of the deceased settlor as plaintiffs and another son and the trustee bank as defendants. The plaintiffs appeal from judgments which, inter alia, reject their complaint for an accounting, approve a sale of the trust to the defendant brother at a value fixed by his expert witness, and find that there was no breach of fiduciary obligations.
Leonard Epstein, a defendant, operated the very successful Southland Corporation on a fifty-fifty ownership basis with his father for many years until the elder Mr. Epstein died in 1961. Since 1961 Leonard has continued to run Southland, which manufactures gaskets for the automobile industry, first as its president and now as chairman. Leonard’s father, by a will, left his fifty percent of Southland’s stock in a trust which provided that the stock would remain in the trust with the income to go to the children and the principal to the grandchildren. Leonard was trustee of the estate until the plaintiffs filed a motion for his removal based on allegations of improper conduct. Leonard resigned and defendant City National Bank was appointed trustee.
Two separate actions, one against Leonard Epstein and another against the bank, were brought by the plaintiffs. The action against Leonard sought an accounting based on allegations that the value of Southland’s stock in the trust was artificially depressed and its actual earnings understated because of excessive expenditures by Leonard, as chairman, and his son Barry Epstein, as president, in the running of Southland. It is alleged also that a false representation by Leonard to appraisers that the stock in trust represented only a minority forty-five percent ownership interest in Southland affected the valuation of the stock.
In the action against the bank it was alleged that the bank breached its fiduciary obligations by failing to require account-ings by Leonard Epstein, in joining Leonard in opposing the plaintiffs’ discovery demands, and by permitting unnecessary loans against the trust which required the bank as a lender to sue itself as trustee and forced a sale of the stock at a deflated value to Leonard’s benefit as purchaser. It is alleged also that the court should not have denied plaintiffs’ timely demand for a jury trial or stricken its prayer for punitive damages.
We reverse and remand for a new trial for the following reasons.
Where materials sought by a party would appear to be relevant to the subject matter of the pending action, it is an abuse of discretion to deny discovery. Orlowitz v. Orlowitz, 199 So. 2d 97 (Fla.1967). It was alleged that Leonard and Barry Epstein had formed a new partnership, operating out of Southland’s facility, which leased trucks, computer equipment and a jet aircraft to Southland as its exclusive customer. It was further alleged, or shown, that Southland had started a new injection molding process in connection with the business. Discovery as to the finances of both ventures, which the court denied, was quite relevant to the subject matter of this case. Bystrom v. Whitman, 488 So. 2d 520 (Fla.1986).
The misrepresentation to the defendants’ appraiser, whose testimony was accepted over that of plaintiffs’ expert, that the stock in trust represented a forty-five percent rather than a fifty percent interest in Southland Corporation, was significant to the valuation issue.1 It is true, as appellees argue, that a fifty percent interest is not a controlling interest, but it is also true that a fifty percent interest is not a minority interest. There is no support by evidence or reason for appellees’ suggestion that a “deadlocking” interest has no greater value than a minority interest.
Because additional discovery could, and most likely would require an accounting, the final judgment for the defendant trustee must also be reversed.. Furthermore, no attorneys’ fees should have been awarded the trustee for defending against the claim because it appears from the record, without dispute, that the actions of the plaintiffs caused the value of the trust to be fixed at approximately $1.6 million— more than twice the amount Leonard Epstein sought to pay.
No error is demonstrated in the trial court’s denial of the plaintiffs’ untimely demand for a jury trial or the striking of the claim for punitive damages. However, in light of the requirement for a new trial, and in view of the policy of allowing liberal amendment of pleadings and the constitutional import attached to the right of trial by jury, the trial court should reconsider plaintiffs’ demand for a jury trial and exercise its discretion accordingly in applying Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.430(d). See Messana v. Maulé Indus., 50 So. 2d 874 (Fla.1951) (in promulgating rule there was no intent to deprive anyone of a jury trial, even where possible).
Reversed and remanded for a new trial.
. The defendants’ expert fixed the value of Southland's stock in trust at $ 1,920 per share as of December 31, 1984, for a total of $1.584 million. Approval was given by the court for the sale of two-thirds of the trust to Leonard Epstein at that price per share.
Plaintiffs’ expert appraiser, also a "big 8” accountant, based on a "limited scope valuation", fixed the value of fifty percent of the outstanding shares of Southland at $7 to $9 million, or a per share value of $7,684 to $9,973. The scope was limited in accordance with the limitation on discovery.
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Kenneth Friedman, M.D. v. Heart Inst. OF Port ST. Lucie, Inc., 863 So. 2d 189 (Fla. 2003)…59 (Fla. 3d DCA 1980); Cooper v. Fulton, 117 So. 2d 33, 35-36 (Fla. 3d DCA 1960), where materials sought by a party “would appear to be relevant to the subject matter of the pending action,” the information is fully discoverable. Epstein v. Epstein, 519 So. 2d 1042, 1043 (Fla. 3d DCA 1988). A party’s finances, if relevant to the disputed issues of the underlying action, are not excepted from discovery under this rule of relevancy, and courts will compel production of personal financial documents and informatio…
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Palmer v. WDI Sys., Inc., 588 So. 2d 1087 (Fla. 5th DCA 1991)…k of a new trial if the case is tried without the items sought in discovery. If, on plenary appeal, the denied discovery is deemed to be within the scope of permissible discovery, the petitioners will have an adequate remedy. See Epstein v. Epstein, 519 So. 2d 1042 (Fla. 3d DCA), review dismissed, 536 So. 2d 244 (Fla.1988); Saunders v. Florida Keys Electric Co-op Ass’n, Inc., 471 So. 2d 88 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985), review denied, 482 So. 2d 348 (Fla.1986). WRIT DENIED. GOSHORN, C.J., and COWART, J., concur.…
Previewing 3 of 9 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Orlowitz v. Ellis K. Orlowitz, 199 So. 2d 97 (Fla. 1967)
- Messana v. Maule Indus., 50 So. 2d 874 (Fla. 1951)
- Bystrom v. S.F. Whitman, 488 So. 2d 520 (Fla. 1986)