LOUIS VUITTON MALLETIER

v.

LVHUT.NET

THIS CAUSE is before the Court upon Plaintiff, Louis Vuitton Malletier’s (“Plaintiff”) Ex Parte Motion for Order Authorizing Alternate Service of Process on Defendants Pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 4(f)(3), ECF No. (“Motion”). In its Complaint, Plaintiff sets forth claims against Defendants for (1) trademark counterfeiting and infringement, (2) false designation of origin, (3) cybersquatting, (4) common law unfair competition, and (5) common law trademark infringement. See ECF No. . More specifically, Plaintiff alleges that Defendants promote, sell, offer for sale, and distribute goods bearing counterfeits and confusingly similar imitations of Plaintiff’s trademarks, thereby infringing Plaintiff’s trademarks. Id. Plaintiff contends that Defendants are accomplishing these infringement activities through various fully interactive, commercial Internet websites under their domain names identified on Schedule “A” hereto (the “Subject Domain Names”). Plaintiff contends that Defendants operate via the Internet and utilize electronic means as reliable forms of contact. See ECF No. , at 2–4. According to Plaintiff, it has good cause to believe that Defendants are all residents of the China, France, Japan, Pakistan, Russia, Indonesia, Singapore, or other foreign jurisdictions, and/or redistribute products from sources in those locations. Id. at 11. Plaintiff further contends that Defendants have at least one operational form of electronic contact, demonstrating that this means of contact is not just effective, but the most reliable means of communicating with Defendants. Id. at 2–4. Consequently, Plaintiff asserts that e-mail, including onsite contact, is the most reliable means of providing Defendants with notice of this action. Id. at 7–8. Rule 4(f)(3) allows a district court to order an alternate method for service to be effected upon foreign defendants, provided that it is not prohibited by international agreement, and is reasonably calculated to give notice to the defendants. See Brookshire Bros. v. Chiquita Brands Int’l, Inc., No. 05-CIV-21962, 2007 WL 1577771, at *2 (S.D. Fla. May 31, 2007) (“[D]istrict courts have found broad discretion under Rule 4(f)(3) to authorize other methods of service that are consistent with due process and are not prohibited by international agreements.” (citing Prewitt Enters., Inc. v. Org. of Petroleum Exporting Countries, 353 F. 3d 916, 921, 927 (11th Cir. 2003)));

Rio Props., Inc. v. Rio Int’l Interlink, 284 F. 3d 1007, 1015 (9th Cir. 2002). The plain language of Rule 4(f)(3) reflects that the decision to issue an order allowing alternate means of service lies within the discretion of the district court. Service by e-mail is not prohibited under international agreement in this case. Although the United States, China, France, Japan, Pakistan, and Russia are signatories to the Hague Convention on the Service Abroad of Extra-Judicial Documents in Civil and Commercial Matters (the “Hague Convention”),¹ the Hague Convention does not specifically preclude service of

process via e-mail or by posting on a designated website. Where a signatory nation has objected to the alternative means of service provided by the Hague Convention, that objection is expressly limited to those means and does not represent an objection to other forms of service, such e-mail or website posting.² Stat Med. Devices, Inc. v. HTL-Strefa, Inc., No. 15-cv-20590, 2015 WL 5320947, at *1 (S.D. Fla. Sept. 14, 2015) (noting that an objection to the alternative forms of service set forth in the Hague Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial and Extrajudicial Documents in Civil or Commercial Matters, Nov. 15, 1965, 658 U.N.T.S. 16, is limited to the specific forms of service objected to). A court acting under Rule 4(f)(3), therefore, remains free to order alternative means of service where a signatory nation has not expressly objected to those means. See Gurung v. Malhotra, 279 F.R.D. 215, 219 (S.D.N.Y. 2011). Accordingly, service by e-mail or internet communication does not violate an international agreement. Rule 4(f)(3) was “adopted in order to provide flexibility and discretion to the federal courts in dealing with questions of alternative methods of service of process in foreign countries.” In re Int’l Telemedia Assoc., Inc., 245 B.R. 713 (Bankr. N.D. Ga. 2000). What constitutes appropriate service varies depending on the circumstances of the case and turns on the court’s determination of whether the alternative method is reasonably calculated to apprise the parties of the pendency of the action and afford them an opportunity to present their objections. Philip Morris USA, Inc. v. Veles Ltd., No. 06 CV 2988 (GBD), 2007 WL 725412, at *2 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 12, 2007). Here, the Court finds that Plaintiff has shown good cause for leave to allow service of the Summonses, Complaint, and all future filings in this matter upon each Defendant via e-mail and via posting on a designated website.

UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE

Copies to: Counsel of Record.

SCHEDULE “A” DEFENDANTS BY NUMBER, SUBJECT DOMAIN NAME,

AND MEANS OF CONTACT

Defendant Defendant / Subject Means Of Contact Number Domain Name [email protected]¹ lvhut.net [email protected]² louis-special-sale.shop [email protected] 3 goslouisvuitton.com http://whois.xinnet.com/sendemail/goslouisvuitton.com 4 louisved.xyz [email protected] 5 louisvued.com [email protected] 6 louisvuitton-my.site [email protected] 7 lovelvbag.store [email protected] 8 lvicon.online [email protected] 9 lv-malaysia.store [email protected] 10 lvoutlet.ca [email protected] [email protected] 11 lvreplicashop.com [email protected] 12 lv-thegardens.com [email protected] 13 malaysia-lv.com [email protected] 14 malaysia-lvbag.store [email protected] 15 my-lvbag.info [email protected]

16 perfectlouisvuittonsale.com [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 17 replicalvonline.com [email protected] 18 thegardens-lv-kl.com [email protected] 19 toplvmall.com [email protected] 20 aaaluxurybags.com [email protected] 21 66shop.ru [email protected] 22 aaaclothing.ru [email protected] 23 aaapurse.nu https://www.aaapurse.nu/contact-us/ 24 aaareplica.co [email protected] 25 aaraplica.com [email protected] 26 abcbyiktuys.pw [email protected] 27 acmaaslea.top https://acmaaslea.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us [email protected] 28 addnss.com [email protected] 29 aimji.live [email protected] 30 annjxauo.top https://annjxauo.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 31 associateadapt.top [email protected] 32 bagsreplica.de https://bagsreplica.de/index.php?route=information/contact 33 baofse.top https://baofse.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 34 bdkind.store [email protected] 35 bdznednz.top https://bdznednz.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 36 bestbag.shop [email protected] 37 bestqualityreplica.ru [email protected] 38 btsmud.top https://btsmud.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 39 buyebag.top https://buyebag.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 40 bvcnta.top https://bvcnta.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 41 bxsyeao.top https://bxsyeao.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 42 cbhjskv.top https://cbhjskv.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 43 cdftbag.top https://cdftbag.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 44 chinareplicbagas.com https://www.dolabuy.ru/contact_us.html [email protected] 44 dolabuy.ru https://www.dolabuy.ru/contact_us.html 44 replicacloibag.com [email protected] 44 thebagsreplicas.com [email protected] 45 cmsbeb.top https://cmsbeb.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 46 cnaveua.top https://cnaveua.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 47 cnvjgrks.top https://cnvjgrks.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us [email protected] 48 copybagssale.com [email protected] [email protected] 49 copyforbags.com [email protected] 50 corabags.ru [email protected] 51 csffbg.top https://csffbg.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 52 daphnesale.ru [email protected] 53 demakoaf.top https://demakoaf.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 54 dfsdfgrg.shop [email protected] [email protected] 55 dropthenew.com [email protected] https://dropthenew.com/pages/contactez-nous 56 dvrcbht.top https://dvrcbht.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 57 e8bags.co http://e8bags.co/contacts/ 58 ehdgfsh.top https://ehdgfsh.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 59 eyushi.top https://eyushi.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us [email protected] 60 ezzcc.com [email protected] 61 fabag.ru [email protected]

62 fakescu.com [email protected] 63 famouside.com [email protected] 64 fashionbags-sale.com [email protected] 65 fashionhouse.buzz [email protected] 66 fasionoto.ru [email protected]

67 fauxbagsale.com [email protected] 68 fcdshsu.top https://mnchwa.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 68 mnchwa.top https://mnchwa.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 69 fxtayhk.top [email protected] 70 gdhnawo.top https://gdhnawo.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us [email protected] 71 handbagsreplicastore.com [email protected] [email protected] 72 hbndgyw.top https://hbndgyw.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 73 hellosneaker.ru [email protected] 74 kindsneaker.net [email protected] 75 kopi-6.com [email protected] 76 krosshop24.ru https://krosshop24.ru/contact-us/ 77 lianwholesale.com [email protected] 78 lilysale.ru [email protected] 78 lilysite.ru [email protected] 79 luxcrime.ru [email protected] 79 lux-crime.ru [email protected] [email protected] 80 luxebagseu.com [email protected] [email protected] 81 luxesborse.com [email protected] 82 luxruy.com [email protected] 83 luxury2018.com [email protected] 84 luxurybagaa.com [email protected] 85 luxurybagoutlet.com [email protected]

86 luxurymybag.com [email protected] 87 luxuryshoesu.de [email protected] 88 luxurysuu.com [email protected] 89 luxurytasticreps.ru [email protected] [email protected] 90 luxusdiva.com [email protected] 91 mandybrands-03.com https://www.1api.net/send-message/mandybrands-03.com/registrant 92 mcdeue.top https://mcdeue.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 93 mchaui.top https://mchaui.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 94 mckswh.top https://mckswh.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 95 mdjitcx.top https://mdjitcx.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 96 methodc.com https://www.1api.net/send-message/methodc.com/registrant 97 mfjernc.top https://mfjernc.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 98 mfvjrsew.top https://mfvjrsew.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 99 mgifkdls.top https://mgifkdls.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 100 mgsaywa.top https://mgsaywa.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 101 mhsebag.top https://mhsebag.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 102 mhycbag.top https://mhycbag.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 103 mnxhua.top https://mnxhua.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 104 mnxwok.top https://mnxwok.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 105 modecina.cn [email protected] 105 modecina.ru https://www.nic.ru/whois/send-message/?domain=modecina.ru 106 mxnbzw.top https://mxnbzw.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 107 mxsajkw.top https://mxsajkw.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 108 mzbhwu.top https://mzbhwu.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 109 nbvrtyf.top [email protected] 110 ncaxzjbn.top https://ncaxzjbn.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 111 nceubag.top https://nceubag.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 112 ncmfjrs.top https://ncmfjrs.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 113 ncrsfsd.top https://ncrsfsd.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 114 ncyesizs.top https://ncyesizs.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 115 ndsyve.top https://ndsyve.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us [email protected] 116 neverfulloutlet.com [email protected] 117 newbuybuystations.com [email protected] 118 ngfsfsfd.top https://ngfsfsfd.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 119 nmjhac.top https://nmjhac.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 120 nvxdedx.top https://nvxdedx.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 121 nyseti.top https://nyseti.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 122 originalhandbag.top https://www.originalhandbag.top/contact_us.html [email protected] 123 outletborsa.net pw-4c3719c2b3fd9b9d680a938d4ec73eb¹@privacyguardian.org

124 perfectfakebags.com [email protected] 125 pkajstore.com [email protected] 126 pkshoe.com https://pkshoe.com/index.php?route=information/contact 126 pkshoe.net https://pkshoe.com/index.php?route=information/contact 127 popbrandcenter.com [email protected] 128 pursevalleyfactory.la https://www.pursevalleyfactory.la/contactus/ 129 qdfdny.top https://qdfdny.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 130 qdncz.top [email protected]

131 qualitybestbags.com [email protected] 132 realfashion24.com [email protected] [email protected] replica-watches- 133 [email protected] germany.com [email protected] 134 replicawatchespro.co [email protected]

135 replicaxi.com [email protected] 136 resinstatue.club [email protected] 137 sdehbag.top https://sdehbag.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 138 sffp.shop https://sffp.shop/index.php?main_page=contact_us 139 sneakerinbox.com [email protected] 140 taikcmj.top https://taikcmj.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 141 tangerjapanoutlet.com [email protected] 142 thcodway.com [email protected] 143 theybag.top https://theybag.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 144 tikhub.ru [email protected] 145 toplifeshop.com https://www.toplifeshop.com/#:~:text=mail%3atoplifeshoping%40gmail.com 146 towbag.shop [email protected] 147 udifskb.top https://udifskb.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 148 uenmbag.top https://uenmbag.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 149 uhdsahwo.top https://uhdsahwo.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 150 ujhyfsdt.top https://ujhyfsdt.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 151 vipsluxurybags.com [email protected] 152 vlixcolux.com [email protected] 153 vmnxjews.top https://vmnxjews.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 154 wdvbf.top https://wdvbf.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 155 wfvnbag.top https://wfvnbag.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 156 xcfwnm.top https://xcfwnm.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 157 xndjosen.top https://xndjosen.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 158 xnhyao.top https://xnhyao.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 159 xnwyid.top https://xnwyid.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 160 yangyuejianqiali.com [email protected] 161 yfkew.com [email protected]

162 yreplicabags.com [email protected] 163 ytgfdlcm.top https://ytgfdlcm.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us 164 ytrfegh.top https://ytrfegh.top/index.php?main_page=contact_us