FLORIDA MINING AND MATERIALS CORPORATION AND DAVID L. BRACEWELL, PETITIONERS,
v.
CONTINENTAL CASUALTY COMPANY, AS SUBROGEE OF W. WADE SETLIFF AND A. KENDRICK REGNVALL, D/B/A SETLIFF AND REGNVALL ARCHITECTS, RESPONDENT

Fla. 2d DCA | 1990-02-07
No. 89-02113
RYDER, A.C.J., and HALL and THREADGILL, JJ., concur.
556 So. 2d 518 Florida District Court of Appeal, Second District (1990) Positive Treatment
Cited by 21 cases

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Holding

The court held that the documents at issue are protected by attorney-client and work product privileges, and the fraud exception does not apply.


Headnotes

[1] Attorney-client communications are privileged even when they arise in the course of a transaction that later becomes the subject of litigation.

[2] The fraud exception to the attorney-client privilege requires a prima facie showing that the client sought legal advice to enable or aid in committing or planning to comm…

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Facts & Procedural History

Petitioners sought certiorari review of an order compelling disclosure of documents claimed to be privileged. The documents were sought to determine i…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

Petitioners, Florida Mining and Materials Corporation and David L. Bracewell (hereafter, collectively, Florida Mining), seek certiorari review of an order of the circuit court which requires them to disclose thirteen documents to which they have asserted the attorney-client or work product privilege. We find that the documents, with the exception of one newspaper clipping not contested by Florida Mining, are in fact privileged, and so grant the petition for writ of certiorari.

The petition arises from a claim for sub-rogation, contribution, and indemnity brought by respondent Continental Casualty Company (Continental). Continental was the insurer for two architects, Sutliff and Regnvall, who designed two buildings for the Polk County School Board and who subsequently were sued for negligence. Florida Mining, a supplier of pre-stressed concrete, was a codefendant in that action based on a claim that their “structural support and connection system” was also negligently designed. The school board settled with the architects in May, 1986. In so doing the school board did not assign to Continental its rights to sue Florida Mining. A separate settlement was reached between Florida Mining and the school board in September, 1986. In November, 1987, Florida Mining paid the architects $25,000 in exchange for releases of their claims. The releases included a provision that there were no subrogation rights and have now been asserted as a defense to Continental’s claim against Florida Mining.

The contested documents were requested in an effort to determine whether Florida Mining, at the time it obtained releases from the two architects, was aware of Continental’s participation in settlement negotiations with the school board—that is, whether Florida Mining knew or should have known of Continental’s subrogation rights notwithstanding any disclaimer included within the architects’ releases. While such information indeed may be relevant, see, e.g., Ortega v. Motors Insurance Corp., 552 So. 2d 1127 (Fla. 3d DCA 1989); National Surety Corp. v. Bimonte, 143 So. 2d 709 (Fla. 3d DCA 1962), this relevance does not constitute an exception to the privilege conferred by section 90.502, Florida Statutes (1987). Attorney-client communications are privileged even when the communications arise, as here, in the course of a transaction which itself later becomes the subject of litigation. See, e.g., Skorman v. Hovnanian of Florida, Inc., 382 So. 2d 1376 (Fla. 4th DCA 1980).

In its response to the petition for certiorari, Continental notes the recognized exception to the statutory privilege when “[t]he services of the lawyer were sought or obtained to enable or aid anyone to commit or plan to commit what the client knew was a crime or fraud.” § 90.502(4)(a), Fla.Stat. (1987). Continental, although it has neither brought a cause of action for fraud nor asserted fraud as an affirmative defense to Florida Mining’s counterclaim for contractual and common law indemnity, contends that “[w]here the tortfeasor responsible for the loss has knowledge of the settlement by the insurers with the insured, but nevertheless procures a release by settlement with the insured, such release is a fraud on the insurers _” 16 Couch on Insurance 2d (Rev. Ed.), § 61.201.

To come within the statutory exception, Continental must allege and produce prima facie evidence that petitioners affirmatively sought the advice of counsel to procure a fraud. Eastern Air Lines, Inc. v. Gellert, 431 So. 2d 329 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983); Leithauser v. Harrison, 168 So. 2d 95 (Fla. 2d DCA 1964). We agree with petitioners that to expand the fraud exception to the extent argued by Continental “would literally eliminate the attorney-client privilege in any suit where there was any allegation of fraud or misrepresentation.” Furthermore, petitioners assert, unrebutted by Continental, that the fraud exception has been advanced “for the first time” in these proceedings and was “not argued in the court below.”

With regard to the claim of work product privilege, Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.280(b)(3) does permit discovery of items “prepared in anticipation of litigation or for trial,” but “only upon a showing that the party seeking discovery has need of the materials in the preparation of his case and that he is unable without undue hardship to obtain the substantial equivalent of the materials by other means.” Initially, when Florida Mining objected to Continental’s discovery demand, the trial court directed Continental to submit requests for admissions to Florida Mining. In its response Florida Mining admitted that it knew, at the time of obtaining the releases, that the school board suit against the architects “had been settled with the participation of [the architects’] insurance carrier, Continental Casualty Company.” Although Continental contends that the responses are unsatisfactory, we agree with Florida Mining that its admissions provide the “substantial equivalent” of the internal memoranda that are the subject of Continental’s discovery demand.

The petition for writ of certiorari is granted, the circuit court’s “second order on plaintiff’s motion to compel production of documents” is quashed, and this case is remanded for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.

RYDER, A.C.J., and HALL and THREADGILL, JJ., concur.


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Citator

Cited By (11 total)

  • Shell OIL Co. v. PAR Four P'ship, 638 So. 2d 1050 (Fla. 5th DCA 1994)
    …Webb, 528 So. 2d 506, 507 (Fla. 2d DCA 1988). When communications appear on their face to be privileged, the party seeking disclosure bears the burden of proving that they are not. See Florida Mining and Materials Corp. v. Continental Casualty Co., 556 So. 2d 518 (Fla. 2d DCA 1990); Leithauser v. Har [*1051] rison, 168 So. 2d 95, 97-98 (Fla. 2d DCA 1964). The legal correspondence between Shell employees and in-house counsel concerning the lease agreement would presumably be privileged. Par Four, the party…
  • Robichaud v. Kennedy, 711 So. 2d 186 (Fla. 2d DCA 1998)
    …. (1995). To meet this .statutory exception, Kennedy and Dubord must allege and produce prima facie evidence that Robichaud affirmatively sought the advice of counsel to procure a fraud. See Florida Mining & Materials Corp. v. Continental Cas. Co., 556 So. 2d 518, 519 (Fla. 2d DCA 1990); see also Shell Oil Co., 638 So. 2d at 1050 (holding that “[w]hen communications appear on their face to be privileged, the party seeking disclosure bears the burden of proving that they are not”). Expansion of this exception…
  • Allstate Ins. Co. v. Am. S. Home Ins. Co., 680 So. 2d 1112 (Fla. 1st DCA 1996)
    …(3), Florida Rules of Civil Procedure. American States Ins. Co. v. Kransco, 641 So. 2d 175 (Fla. 5th DCA 1994); General Acc. Ins. Co. v. American Mut. Ins. Co., 562 So. 2d 414 (Fla. 5th DCA 1990); Fla. Min. & Materials Corp. v. Continental Cas. Co., 556 So. 2d 518 (Fla. 2d DCA 1990); Utica Mut. Ins. Co. v. Croft, 432 So. 2d 196 (Fla. 1st DCA 1983); U.S. Fire Ins. Co. v. Clearwater Oaks Bank, 421 So. 2d 783 (Fla. 2d DCA 1982); Agri-Business, Inc. v. Bridges, 397 So. 2d 394 (Fla. 1st DCA), rev. denied, 407 So.…

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