ROBERT ELLIS BLAKELY, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. | 1990-05-03
No. 72604
overton, McDonald, shaw, GRIMES and KOGAN, JJ., concur., EHRLICH, C.J., concurs with an opinion, in which BARKETT, J., concurs.
561 So. 2d 560 Florida Supreme Court (1990) Negative Treatment
Cited by 22 cases

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Synopsis

Robert Blakely was convicted of first-degree murder for bludgeoning his wife to death with a hammer during a domestic dispute. The Florida Supreme Court affirmed the conviction but reversed the death sentence as disproportionate, imposing a life sentence instead based on proportionality review comparing the case to similar domestic homicides.


Holding

The death penalty is disproportionate and must be reversed. The court affirmed the first-degree murder conviction but reversed the death sentence and remanded for imposition of a life sentence, finding the case factually comparable to Ross v. State where a similar domestic bludgeoning homicide did not warrant death.


Headnotes

[1] A death sentence is not proportionally warranted when a murder results from a heated domestic confrontation and the defendant has no prior similar violent offenses.

[2] A conviction for first-degree murder will be affirmed when the guilt phase of the trial is free from merit.

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Key Quotes

“[T]his Court [has] stated that when the murder is a result of a heated domestic confrontation, the death penalty is not proportionally warranted.”

Establishes the controlling legal principle that death penalty is disproportionate in domestic homicide cases arising from marital disputes.

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Facts & Procedural History

Blakely killed his wife Elaine by bludgeoning her with a hammer in the early morning of April 20, 1987, following years of marital discord rooted in f…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

Robert Blakely appeals his conviction for first-degree murder and sentence of death. We have jurisdiction. Art. Y, § 3(b)(1), Fla. Const. We affirm the conviction, reverse the sentence, and remand for imposition of a life sentence.

During the early morning hours of April 20, 1987, Robert Blakely awakened his three daughters and told them that he had killed Elaine, his wife. When the police arrived, Blakely repeated his statement and led them to the master bedroom, where they found Elaine’s body in bed. She had been bludgeoned to death with a hammer. Blakely was charged with and found guilty of first-degree murder. During the penalty phase of the trial, both parties stipulated that Blakely’s only prior criminal offense was a 1969 driving while intoxicated conviction in Missouri; neither side presented additional evidence.

The jury unanimously recommended death. Before sentencing, Blakely’s lawyer was permitted to withdraw and new counsel was obtained and allowed to present additional evidence in mitigation. The court sentenced Blakely to death, finding the presence of two aggravating factors (the crime was especially heinous, atrocious, or cruel, and was committed in a cold, calculated, and premeditated manner) and one mitigating circumstance (no significant prior criminal activity)-

Blakely raises a number of issues on appeal,1 most of which relate to the sen- fencing phase of his trial.

We find all issues concerning the guilt phase of the trial to be without merit and address a single dispositive claim relating to the sentence. Blakely asserts that imposition of the death penalty in this case is disproportionate to the crime in light of the penalty imposed in factually similar cases.

We agree. Elaine’s death occurred as the result of a long-standing domestic dispute. The Blakelys were deeply in debt and frequently fought over money. Their main area of conflict, however, appears to have been the children. The couple had three daughters: Tammy, by Elaine’s prior marriage; and Heidi and Brandy, by Robert’s earlier marriage. Elaine was a strong-willed woman and was highly partial toward her own child. The situation degenerated to the point where Heidi’s and Brandy’s teachers would conceal grades from the mother so that she would not unduly punish them. A school principal testified that Robert was so upset about the situation that at times he would come to her office and cry. She told him that he had to learn to stand up to Elaine. This marital discord culminated in an argument the night of the attack. A neighbor who spoke with Blakely immediately following the killing testified that Blakely had reached his breaking point:

Q. What did he say at that time?

A. As I recall, it is that he couldn’t take it anymore, and that he — she always fussed with the children and gave them a hard time, and that’s basically what he said that I recall.

“[T]his Court [has] stated that when the murder is a result of a heated domestic confrontation, the death penalty is not proportionally warranted.” Garron v. State, 528 So. 2d 353, 361 (Fla.1988). We have expressly applied this proportionality review to reverse the death penalty in a number of domestic cases.2 On the other hand, we have affirmed the death sentence under express proportionality review where the defendant has been convicted of a prior “similar violent offense.”3 In the instant case, Blakely had committed no prior similar crime. The killing resulted from an ongoing and heated domestic dispute and was factually comparable to that in Ross v. State, 474 So. 2d 1170 (Fla.1985), wherein the husband bludgeoned the wife to death with a hammer or other blunt instrument.

We reversed the death penalty there on proportionality grounds.

Accordingly, we find Blakely’s death sentence disproportionate. We affirm the conviction, reverse the death sentence, and remand for imposition of a life sentence.

It is so ordered.

overton, McDonald, shaw, GRIMES and KOGAN, JJ., concur. EHRLICH, C.J., concurs with an opinion, in which BARKETT, J., concurs.

. See, e.g., Amoros v. State, 531 So. 2d 1256, 1261 (Fla.1988) (life, not death, sentence is "proportionately correct" for shooting death of former girlfriend’s lover; jury recommendation of death); Garron v. State, 528 So. 2d 353, 361 (Fla.1988) ("death penalty is not proportionally warranted” for shooting death of wife and stepdaughter; jury recommendation of death); Wilson v. State, 493 So. 2d 1019, 1023 (Fla.1986) ("death sentence is not proportionately warranted” for shooting death of father and stabbing death of cousin; jury recommendation of death; presence of heinous, atrocious, or cruel aggravator, and prior violent felony aggravator); Ross v. State, 474 So. 2d 1170, 1174 (Fla.1985) ("death penalty is not proportionately warranted” for bludgeoning death of wife; jury recommendation of death; presence of heinous, atrocious, or cruel aggravator).

. See Lemon v. State, 456 So. 2d 885, 888 (Fla.1984), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1230, 105 S.Ct. 1233, 84 L.Ed.2d 370 (1985) (death sentence "is not comparatively disproportionate” for stabbing death of girlfriend where defendant had prior conviction for assault with intent to commit first-degree murder for stabbing another female victim); see also King v. State, 436 So. 2d 50, 55 (Fla.1983) (death penalty affirmed as comparable where defendant had prior manslaughter conviction for axe-slaying of woman victim), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 909, 104 S.Ct. 1690, 80 L.Ed.2d 163 (1984); Williams v. State, 437 So. 2d 133, 137 (Fla.1983) (death sentence "is not comparatively inappropriate" where defendant had prior assault convictions for shooting victims), cert. denied, 466 U.S. 909, 104 S.Ct. 1690, 80 L.Ed.2d 164 (1984).

Concurrence
EHRLICH, Chief Justice,

EHRLICH, Chief Justice,

concurring.

While I join the Court’s opinion as to proportionality, I write separately to ex press the view that the trial court erred in finding two aggravating factors: that the capital felony was especially heinous, atrocious, and cruel; and that the homicide was committed in a cold, calculated, and premeditated manner without any pretense of moral or legal justification.

I do not believe that the state sustained its burden of proving these two factors beyond and to the exclusion of all reasonable doubt. Hence, as I see it, there were no aggravating factors and there was one statutory mitigating factor. The death penalty is not justified under these circumstances.

BARKETT, J., concurs.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By (11 total)

  • Porter v. State, 564 So. 2d 1060 (Fla. 1990)
    …quarrel or domestic dispute, this Court has found cause to reverse the death sentence, regardless of the number of aggravating circumstances found, the brutality involved, the level of premeditation, or the jury recommendation. See Blakely v. State, 561 So. 2d 560 (Fla.1990) (death penalty disproportional despite finding of heinous, atrocious, or cruel, and cold, calculated, and premeditated); Amoros v. State, 531 So. 2d 1256, 1261 (Fla.1988); Garron v. State, 528 So. 2d 353, 361 (Fla.1988); Fead v. State, 51…
  • Nibert v. State, 574 So. 2d 1059 (Fla. 1990)
    …eath penalty disproportional despite proof of heinous, atrocious, or cruel, in murder of twenty-eight-month-old girl who died after defendant struck the child repeatedly, dunked her head in water, and banged her head on the floor); Blakely v. State, 561 So. 2d 560 (Fla.1990) (death sentence was disproportional in domestic dispute despite finding two aggravating circumstances: heinous, atrocious, or cruel; and cold, calculated, and premeditated); cf. Lloyd v. State, 524 So. 2d 396, 403 (Fla.1988) (death senten…
  • Mac Ray Wright v. State, 586 So. 2d 1024 (Fla. 1991)
    …urt repeatedly has recognized that inflamed passions and intense emotions of an ongoing domestic dispute such as the one in this case are mitigating in nature and may render the death sentence disproportional punishment. See, e.g., Blakely v. State, 561 So. 2d 560 (Fla.1990). It is certainly reasonable for the jury to have reached the same conclusion on the facts in this record. Also, Wright was remorseful. See, e.g., Cochran v. State, 547 So. 2d 928 (Fla.1989). Thus, we find that the trial court erred in ove…

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