JOHN MOYANT, APPELLANT,
v.
ELIZABETH R. BEATTIE, ET AL., APPELLEES

Fla. 4th DCA | 1990-05-30
No. 89-1545
GUNTHER and POLEN, JJ., concur.
561 So. 2d 1319 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (1990) Caution
Cited by 27 cases

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Synopsis

A real estate broker appeals a judgment awarding damages to buyers whose deposit was stolen by the broker's salesperson, arguing that Chapter 475 of Florida Statutes does not provide a private right of action. The court affirms, holding that buyers may bring private actions against brokers for violations of the real estate regulatory statute because they are the protected class.


Holding

Buyers have standing to bring a private cause of action under Chapter 475 because they are members of the protected class that the legislature intended to protect through the enactment of that chapter. The statute's provisions for recovery from the Real Estate Recovery Fund demonstrate legislative intent to authorize private actions.


Headnotes

[1] A statute requiring an act for the benefit of another, or forbidding an act that may cause injury, may confer by implication the power necessary for its exercise or perfo…

[2] The legislative intent to authorize private actions under a statute may be inferred from provisions that allow recovery from a fund established for reimbursement of losse…

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Key Quotes

“If a statute requires an act to be done for the benefit of another, or forbids the doing of an act that may be to his injury, the person wronged may have an action even though one is not given to him under the express terms of the statute.”

Establishes the general rule for inferring private rights of action from statutory duties

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Facts & Procedural History

John Moyant, a real estate broker, failed to return a deposit stolen by his salesperson to buyers (appellees) who had contracted to purchase real esta…

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Opinion of the Court
GARRETT, Judge.

GARRETT, Judge.

John Moyant, a real estate broker, appeals the final judgment that awarded damages to appellees, who had contracted to purchase real estate. He failed to return their deposit stolen by his salesperson.

The issue we address is whether appel-lees had standing to bring a cause of action under Chapter 475, Florida Statutes (1989), which all parties agree regulates Florida real estate brokers and salepersons. However, appellant contends that the chapter does not provide for actions by private persons.

The general rule for actions based on violations of statutory duties is found at 49 Fla. Jur. 2d, Statutes § 223:

If a statute grants a right or imposes a duty, it may be construed as conferring by implication the power necessary for the exercise of the right or the performance of the duty. Thus, if a statute requires an act to be done for the benefit of another, or forbids the doing of an act that may be to his injury, the person wronged may have an action even though one is not given to him under the express terms of the statute. Such a statute is generally regarded as giving rise to a liability and creating a private right of action whenever the other elements essential to a recovery are present.

The question of whether a statute grants a private right of action is to be determined from the construction of the statute. In general, a statute that does not purport to establish a civil liability, but merely makes provision to secure the safety or welfare of the public as an entity, will not be construed as establishing a civil liability. Whether a liability arising from a breach of a statutory duty accrues to the benefit of an individual thereby injured, or whether the liability is exclusively of a public character, depends on the nature of the duty imposed and the benefits to be derived from its performance. The absence of express provision for civil liability in the case of violation of a statute does not negative the existence of a legislative intent that the statute shall effect private rights.

Section 475.482, Florida Statutes (1989), Real Estate Recovery Fund, provides for the reimbursement of persons who suffer monetary losses because of the unscrupulous acts of licensed brokers or salespersons. The legislative intent to authorize private actions is made clear by the condition imposed by section 475.483(l)(a), Florida Statutes (1989), which allows recovery from the fund if “such person has received final judgment ... in any action wherein the cause of action was based on any violation proscribed in s. 475.25.”

In Cooper v. Paris, 413 So. 2d 772, 773 (Fla. 1st DCA 1982), the court in a case which involved Chapter 475 stated:

When the legislature enacts a statute forbidding certain conduct for the purpose of protecting one class of persons from the activities of another, a member of the protected class may maintain an action.... The protective purpose of the legislation is realized by allowing the plaintiff to maintain his action against the defendant within the class primarily to be deferred_ Annot. 74 A.L.R.3rd 637, 662.

Accordingly, we find appellees had the right to maintain a private cause of action as the persons the legislature intended to protect by the enactment of Chapter 475. Further, we find no merit as to the remaining issue. See Dreyer v. Florida Real Estate Commission, 370 So. 2d 95, 100 (Fla. 4th DCA 1979) (although a passive participant, broker had duty to supervise salesperson).

AFFIRMED.

GUNTHER and POLEN, JJ., concur.


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Citator

Cited By (13 total)

  • Villazon v. Prudential Health Care Plan, Inc., 843 So. 2d 842 (Fla. 2003)
    …(“In general, a statute that does not purport to establish civil liability but merely makes provision to secure the safety or welfare of the public as an entity, will not be construed as establishing a civil liability.”) (quoting Moyant v. Beattie, 561 So. 2d 1319, 1320 (Fla. 4th DCA 1990)). This does not, however, preclude the right to bring a common law negligence claim based upon the same allegations. See Greene, 778 So. 2d at 1042 (holding that the plaintiffs should be “given the opportunity to amend the…
  • …]n general, a statute that does not purport to establish civil liability but merely makes provision to secure the safety or welfare of the public as an entity, will not be construed as establishing a civil liability.” Id. (quoting Moyant v. Beattie, 561 So. 2d 1319, 1320 (Fla. 4th DCA 1990) (quoting 49 Fla. Jur.2d, Statutes § 223(1984))). We further explained that even in the prior statute the “sole provision ... authorizing private suits” had authorized them only against unlicensed or uncertified contractors…
    1 / 2
  • Lise Greene and Gilbert C. Greene v. Well Care HMO, Inc., 778 So. 2d 1037 (Fla. 4th DCA 2001)

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