MARY A. CHRISTOPHER AND JAMES E. CHRISTOPHER, WIFE AND HUSBAND, APPELLANTS,
v.
CLEMENT BERNARD BONIFAY, INDIVIDUALLY, AND SHEAR CONCRETE PRODUCTS, INC., APPELLEES
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In a personal injury action, the Florida First District Court of Appeal reversed a jury's zero damage verdict on the husband's loss of consortium claim, finding substantial undisputed evidence that the wife's required hospitalization and post-discharge convalescence period entitled him to at least nominal damages.
The court reversed the zero verdict on the loss of consortium claim, holding that the husband presented substantial undisputed evidence of loss of consortium based on the wife's one-week hospitalization and immediate post-discharge convalescence, entitling him to at least nominal damages.
[1] A spouse is entitled to reversal of a zero verdict on a loss of consortium claim only if the record contains substantial, undisputed evidence of loss.
[2] A zero verdict on a loss of consortium claim is justified if there is some evidence, whether by direct testimony or cross-examination, that rebuts the claim, even if the…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“a spouse is entitled to reversal of a zero verdict only if it can be said that the record contains "substantial, undisputed evidence of loss of consortium."”
Establishes the legal standard for reversing a zero verdict on a consortium claim
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceThe wife was injured in an accident requiring cervical diskectomy and fusion surgery, resulting in a one-week hospitalization. The jury awarded the wi…
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PER CURIAM.
In this appeal from a judgment rendered in a personal injury action, appellants raise three issues directed to actions of the lower court during the course of the trial proceedings. We affirm as to the first two without discussion, finding them without merit. As to the third issue, however, we reverse and remand for a new trial.
Appellant/husband complains that the jury’s verdict of zero damages on his claim for loss of consortium was error.1 The rule is clear that a spouse is entitled to reversal of a zero verdict only if it can be said that the record contains “substantial, undisputed evidence of loss of consortium.” Hagens v. Hilston, 388 So. 2d 1379, 1381 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980) (“while there is some evidence of the wife’s loss of consortium, the evidence is insubstantial and rebutted”). If, however, there is some evidence, whether by direct testimony or cross-examination, that rebuts the claim of loss of consortium, then the zero verdict is justi fied even though the injured spouse was awarded a significant sum of money. Id.
In the instant case, most of the evidence as to the husband’s consortium claim was conflicting, and limited to the physical manifestations of the wife’s injury. Moreover, both the husband and wife testified that she continued to perform a variety of physical tasks such as housework, laundry, and grocery shopping. Consequently, if this were the only evidence offered in support of the husband’s consortium claim, we would be compelled to affirm the jury’s zero verdict as to this element of damages. See Propst v. Neily, 467 So. 2d 398 (Fla. 4th DCA 1985).
There was, however, other substantial, undisputed evidence that supports the husband’s consortium claim. For instance, as a direct result of the accident in question, the wife was required to undergo surgery for a cervical diskectomy and fusion and was hospitalized for a week. The husband at the very minimum lost the services of the wife during her one week’s stay in the hospital and that time immediately after her discharge while she was convalescing. Certainly this is undisputed evidence from which nominal damages should have been returned. See Jenkins v. West, 463 So. 2d 581 (Fla. 1st DCA 1985) (the plaintiff/husband presented substantial, undisputed evidence of loss of consortium and, because liability was conceded, he was entitled to at least nominal damages). See also DeLong v. Wickes Co., 545 So. 2d 362 (Fla. 2d DCA 1989); Noah v. Threlkeld, 543 So. 2d 431 (Fla. 2d DCA 1989).
AFFIRMED in part, REVERSED in part, and REMANDED for new trial solely on the issue of damages associated with the claim for loss of consortium, in a manner consistent with this opinion.
ERVIN and ZEHMER, JJ., concur. NIMMONS, J., concurs in part and dissents in part with written opinion.
NIMMONS, Judge,
. The jury returned a verdict in the total amount of $26,000 on the wife’s claims for damages.
concurring in part and dissenting in part,
I agree with the majority to affirm on the first two issues. However, I disagree with the majority’s reversal on the third issue and its order of remand for a new trial.
It appears that none of the cases makes a distinction for an award of loss of consortium based on hospitalization of the injured spouse. In DeLong v. Wickes Co., 545 So. 2d 362 (Fla. 2nd DCA 1989), the husband’s claim for loss of consortium was grounded in part on the three weeks of convalescent care he provided his wife immediately following the accident when he assumed the household chores previously performed by his spouse. In the instant case, Mr. Christopher never testified that he cared for his wife during the period following her hospitalization and, on cross-examination, he admitted his wife continued to perform all the routine household jobs.
The case law continues to state that a zero award of loss of consortium can be overturned if there is substantial, undisputed evidence of the loss. Jenkins v. West, 463 So. 2d 581 (Fla. 1st DCA 1985). The jury heard both Mr. and Mrs. Christopher present conflicting evidence regarding Mrs. Christopher’s abilities to function after the accident. I believe the jury was entitled to return a verdict of $0 for Mr. Christopher’s claim of loss of consortium. According to Propst v. Neily, 467 So. 2d 398, 399 (Fla. 4th DCA 1985):
[Gjiven the predicate of injury to one spouse, it does not necessarily follow as a matter of law that the other spouse has a claim for loss of consortium. In addition to the underlying injury, the spouse claiming loss of consortium “must present competent testimony concerning the impact which the accident had on the marital relationship and, more specifically, evidence concerning [the] loss of consortium.” [Albritton v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company, 382 So. 2d 1267 (Fla. 2nd DCA 1980).] I would affirm as to all issues.
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Aurbach v. Gallina, 721 So. 2d 756 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998)…aim, where sufficient undisputed evidence was presented that would require an award of at least nominal damages, a zero verdict is inadequate as a matter of law. See Waldron v. Dorsey, 585 So. 2d 403, 404 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991); Christopher v. Bonifay, 577 So. 2d 617 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991). An award that is inadequate as a matter of law may be ameliorated by additur under section 768.74. See Mason v. District Bd. of Trustees of Broward Community College, 644 So. 2d 160 (Fla. 4th DCA 1994). In this case, there was u…
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Jack E. Kirkland and wife Ramona Kirkland v. Allstate Ins. Co., 655 So. 2d 106 (Fla. 1st DCA 1995)…uous activity, and testimony that at times Mr. Kirkland has difficulty sleeping at night and participating in some family activities. At least nominal damages should have been returned on the claim for loss of consortium. See Christopher v. Bonifay, 577 So. 2d 617 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991) (judgment based on a zero verdict on husband’s claim for loss of consortium reversed and cause remanded for new trial on damages associated with that claim where there was substantial undisputed evidence that the wife was hospita…
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BIG Lots Stores, Inc. v. de Diaz, 18 So. 3d 1065 (Fla. 3d DCA 2008)…A 1998) (on a consortium claim, where sufficient undisputed evidence was presented that would require an award of at least nominal damages, a zero verdict is inadequate as a matter of law), approved, 753 So. 2d 60 (Fla.2000); Christopher v. Bonifay, 577 So. 2d 617 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991) (a spouse is entitled to reversal of a zero verdict only if it can be established that the record contains substantial, undisputed evidence of loss of consortium). We affirm the trial court’s grant of new trial on the issue of f…
Previewing 3 of 8 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Albritton v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co. & Cheryl Lee Dannels, 382 So. 2d 1267 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980)
- Hagens v. Hilston, 388 So. 2d 1379 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980)
- DeLONG v. The Wickes Co., 545 So. 2d 362 (Fla. 2d DCA 1989)
- Matthias J. Propst v. John A. Neily, D.O., 467 So. 2d 398 (Fla. 4th DCA 1985)
- Jenkins v. West, 463 So. 2d 581 (Fla. 1st DCA 1985)
- Noah v. Threlkeld, 543 So. 2d 431 (Fla. 2d DCA 1989)