FLORIDA SHERIFFS' SELF-INSURANCE FUND, APPELLANT,
v.
ESCAMBIA COUNTY, FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 1st DCA | 1991-09-04
No. 91-1304
ERVIN, SMITH and ALLEN, JJ., concur.
585 So. 2d 461 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (1991) Caution
Cited by 16 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

The Florida Sheriffs' Self-Insurance Fund sought a writ of certiorari to block discovery of six documents on attorney-client privilege and work product grounds in a declaratory judgment action brought by Escambia County. The court denied the petition, finding that the trial court properly ordered disclosure under the common interest exception to privilege because the Fund's general counsel represented both the Fund and the County in a dispute involving a coverage denial.


Holding

The trial court did not abuse its discretion in ordering disclosure of the documents because the exceptions to attorney-client privilege under Florida Evidence Code sections 90.502(4)(c) and (e) applied: communications were relevant to a breach of duty claim against the lawyer and involved matters of common interest between two clients with a shared lawyer.


Headnotes

[1] A writ of certiorari will be denied when the petitioner fails to demonstrate that the trial court departed from the essential requirements of law resulting in a miscarria…

[2] Orders relating to the scope of discovery are within the wide discretion of the trial court and should not be overturned absent a departure from the essential requirement…

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Key Quotes

“The burden is upon the party asserting a privilege to establish the existence of each element of the privilege in question.”

Establishes the Fund's burden to affirmatively prove privilege protection for each document

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Facts & Procedural History

The Fund provided liability insurance and legal counsel to Escambia County for a federal suit brought by an injured prison inmate. During the litigati…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

The Florida Sheriffs’ Self-Insurance Fund (the “Fund”) petitions for a writ of certiorari to review a non-final order granting the appellee’s motion to produce six documents, production of which is resisted by the Fund based on the work product or attorney-client privilege, or both. The petition is denied.

The appellee, Escambia County, filed a complaint against the Fund seeking a declaratory judgment. At issue is the Funds’ obligation under a liability policy written by the Fund to pay a judgment rendered against Escambia County in federal district court in a suit brought by an individual who was injured while in an Escambia County prison road camp. In the course of the inmate’s litigation against the County the fund indicated that it provided coverage for any judgment against the County up to certain limits, and provided legal counsel for the County’s defense. After judgment, however, the Fund notified the County that it provided no coverage. The County’s complaint also seeks damages for breach of contractual and fiduciary duties and for bad faith. In addition, the County asserts a claim against Attorney Julius F. Parker for legal malpractice. Parker has a longstanding relationship with the Fund as its general counsel, and served as counsel of record for the County in the suit brought against Escambia County by the former prisoner. Parker represented Escambia County in its appeal to the Eleventh Circuit, which proved unsuccessful. The Fund paid Parker’s trial and appellate fees.

To obtain a writ of certiorari, the Fund must show that the court below committed errors constituting a departure from the essential requirements of law. Because it is impossible to list all of the possible legal errors serious enough to constitute a departure from the essential requirements of law, the supreme court has explained that district courts are allowed a large degree of discretion in passing on a petition for a writ of certiorari. Combs v. State, 436 So. 2d 93, 95-96 (Fla.1983). However, “[t]he district courts should exercise this discretion only when there has been a violation of a clearly established principle of law resulting in a miscarriage of justice.” Id. (Emphasis added). We note that orders relating to the scope of discovery are within the “wide discretion” of the trial court and should not be overturned absent departure from the essential requirements of law. Dickinson v. Wells, 454 So. 2d 758, 759 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984). Further, the burden is upon the party asserting a privilege to establish the existence of each element of the privilege in question. Ehrhardt, Florida Evidence § 501.1 (2d Ed.1984).

The trial court granted Escambia County’s motion to compel production of the six documents in issue1 upon a finding that Parker was engaged in a dual representation of the Fund and the County, and that a bad faith claim against the Fund had been alleged. Given these findings of fact, the trial court rejected the Fund’s assertion that the documents are protected from discovery by virtue of the attorney-client privilege or the work product doctrine.

It is not clear from the Fund’s petition which privilege is being asserted with respect to each of the six documents. The Fund’s argument does not address each of the documents individually. The Fund cites Kujawa v. Manhattan National Life Insurance Co., 541 So. 2d 1168 (Fla.1989),2 in which the supreme court held that the bad faith cause of action provided in section 624.155(1)(b)1, Florida Statutes (1985), did not abolish the attorney-client privilege or the work product immunity, and that, as concluded by the appellate court, since the relationship between the parties was adversarial, and not fiduciary, the insurance company was entitled to protection against disclosure of its files created after the claim was made by the insured’s beneficiary.

The case before us is distinguishable from Kujawa. The relationship between the Fund and the County evolved from fiduciary to adversarial, or a combination of the two, with no clear line of demarcation separating them. The most critical distinction is made apparent by the trial court’s finding of a dual representation by Parker. The Fund urges that after the coverage issue surfaced, Parker’s representation of the County was confined to prosecuting the appeal, and that he was not advising the County on the matter of coverage. We will not attempt to draw such fine distinctions in this case, as apparently the trial court also refused to do. Instead, we find applicable the exceptions to the attorney-client privilege found in the Florida Evidence Code, section 90.502(4)(c) and (e), viz.:

(4) There is no lawyer-client privilege under this section when:
* >k * ¡Je # sje

(c) A communication is relevant to an issue of breach of duty by the lawyer to his client ..., arising from the lawyer-client relationship.

* * * * *

(e) A communication is relevant to a matter of common interest between two or more clients, ... if the communication was made by any of them to a lawyer retained or consulted in common when offered in a civil action between the clients....

As noted, the County has asserted a malpractice claim against Parker arising out of his handling of the underlying negligence litigation against the County both before and after the Fund’s denial of coverage, and a bad faith claim against the Fund. The issues of coverage and possible settlement were matters of “common interest” to both the County and the Fund under the above quoted provision of the Evidence Code, and, notwithstanding any purported limitations on the extent of Parker’s representation of the County, he occupied the position of attorney for both clients. While we express no opinion as to the propriety or legality of any action by Parker, we find no abuse of discretion in the trial court’s order requiring full disclosure under the circumstances.

The Fund having failed to demonstrate that the trial court departed from the essential requirements of law so as to amount to a miscarriage of justice, the petition for a writ of certiorari is DENIED.

ERVIN, SMITH and ALLEN, JJ., concur. . All the documents are from Parker’s file in the negligence suit; three are copies of memorandums written by the co-administrator of the Fund, and three are copies of Parker’s letters to the Fund.

. Approving the decision of the District Court of Appeal, Manhattan National Life Insurance Co. v. Kujawa, 522 So. 2d 1078 (Fla. 4th DCA 1988).


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • Transmark v. State, 631 So. 2d 1112 (Fla. 1st DCA 1994)
    …to produce documents it asserts are privileged. Transmark cannot assert the attorney-client or accountant-client privileges against GSL in this action because the material is not privileged. Florida Sheriffs’ Self-Insurance Fund v. Escambia County, 585 So. 2d 461 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991). Sections 90.502(4)(e) and 90.5055(4)(c), Florida Statutes (1991), provide an exception to the attorney-client and accountant-client privileges, respectively, when a communication is relevant to a matter of common interest and ma…
  • Liberty Mut. Fire Ins. Co. v. Kaufman, 885 So. 2d 905 (Fla. 3d DCA 2004)
    …berty forwarded a letter to Kaufman, that letter was in line with Liberty’s fiduciary duty to advise its insured of his rights and limitations under the policy. In the instant case, much like Florida Sheriff's Self-Insurance Fund v. Escambia County, 585 So. 2d 461, 463 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991), “[t]he relationship between [the parties] evolved from fiduciary to adversarial, or a combination of the two, with no clear line of demarcation separating them.” Accordingly, in light of the fiduciary relationship during t…
    1 / 2
  • Cone v. Culverhouse, 687 So. 2d 888 (Fla. 2d DCA 1997)
    …possessed by the client and can only be raised by the professional on behalf of the client. §§ 90.502(3), .5055(3). The burden to prove the privilege rests on the client seeking to invoke it. Florida Sheriffs Self-Insurance Fund v. Escambia County, 585 So. 2d 461 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991). In this proceeding, the parties do not contest that Mr. Cone, Mr. Story, and Mr. Donlan in their various client capacities have established a prima facie basis for the privilege. Thus, the burden of proof to establish the common…

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