JERRY LEE EXUM, APPELLANT,
v.
RICHARD L. DUGGER, SECRETARY, FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS, APPELLEE
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An inmate appealed the confiscation of $100 found concealed in a Christmas card from his brother, arguing it was wrongfully seized as contraband and deposited in the inmate welfare trust fund rather than returned to the sender or deposited in his account. The court held that the money was not contraband under the applicable rule because it was never received or possessed by the inmate, and reversed the confiscation order.
The court held that Rule 33-3.006 contemplates direct delivery and possession by the inmate as a predicate for declaring money contraband. Because the $100 was discovered in the mail room before being delivered to or possessed by the inmate, it was not contraband subject to confiscation. Instead, the Department was obligated under Rules 33-3.006(7)(e) and 33-3.004(11) to either return the money to the sender or allow the inmate to arrange its return within 30 days.
[1] Money concealed in mail sent to an inmate is not considered contraband subject to confiscation under Florida Administrative Code Rule 33-3.006(5)(a) if it was not deliver…
[2] When contraband items detected in the mail are not illegal in nature, the institution must provide the sender and addressee with a receipt and hold the property for 30 da…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“It is perfectly clear that this rule contemplates direct delivery to or receipt by an inmate and physical possession of the money by the inmate as a predicate for declaring it contraband subject to confiscation.”
Establishes the court's interpretation that the contraband rule requires the inmate to actually receive and possess the money; establishes the core holding of the case.
Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceJerry Lee Exum, an inmate at Marion Correctional Institution, received a Christmas card from his brother containing a concealed $100 bill. The institu…
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PER CURIAM.
This is an appeal from an order denying appellant’s petition for mandamus filed in the circuit court. Appellant, a prisoner in Marion Correctional Institution, contends that when the institution’s mail room officer discovered a $100 bill concealed in a Christmas card sent to appellant by his brother, the money was unlawfully confiscated as contraband and wrongfully deposited in the inmate welfare trust fund rather than being returned to the sender or deposited in appellant’s account as required by rule 33-3.004(11), Florida Administrative Code. Appellant’s petition for mandamus seeks to have the money either returned to the sender or deposited in his account at the prison.
Rule 33-3.006, relied on by the Department in ruling the money was contraband subject to confiscation, prohibits any money to be “given directly to or received by any inmate” without authorization of the superintendent or his designated representative, and provides that any money in excess of a certain sum ($25 or $30 depending on the institution) “found in the possession of an inmate ... shall be considered contraband and shall be confiscated and deposited in the Inmate Welfare Trust Fund.” It is perfectly clear that this rule contemplates direct delivery to or receipt by an inmate and physical possession of the money by the inmate as a predicate for declaring it contraband subject to confiscation. We find no ambiguity in the language of the rule and thus need not resort to rules of construction in arriving at this clear meaning. Here, the $100 bill was not delivered directly to appellant but went directly to the mail room where it was discovered concealed in the card before being delivered to appellant and placed in his possession.1 For this reason, the department erred in confiscating the money as illegal contraband under rule 33-3.006(5)(a) and depositing it in the inmate welfare trust fund. Rather, the Department should have treated the money in accordance with rules 33-3.006(7)(e)2 and 33.-3.004(11)3 and returned it to the sender or allowed appellant to make arrangements to do so. The Department’s reliance on Marion Correctional Institution’s written operating procedures pertaining to contraband is unavailing. Those written operating procedures must be construed and applied consistently with the Department’s cited rules found in the Florida Administrative Code, and so construed and applied in this case they do not require a different result.
Accordingly, upon discovery of the $100 bill in the mail to appellant, it became incumbent upon the Department to comply with the cited rules and either return the money to the sender or notify appellant and allow him to make such arrangements within 30 days. This being a mere ministerial duty, the Department’s dereliction is subject to remedy by mandamus. The appealed order is reversed and this cause remanded for further proceedings not inconsistent with this opinion.
REVERSED AND REMANDED.
SHIVERS and ZEHMER, JJ„ concur. JO ANOS, C.J., dissents with opinion.
. There was no evidence regarding the brother’s intent to violate prison regulations in concealing the money between the back of the card. For aught that appears, that may have been done simply to avoid loss through pilferage while being handled as mail. Hence, the case must be judged solely on the presence of the money in the card.
. This subpart of the rule provides:
If the items of contraband are detected in the mail, that are not of any illegal nature, the institution finding the contraband will provide the sender and addressee a receipt for the property. The property shall be held by the institution for 30 days. It shall be the responsibility of the inmate to make arrangements to have the property picked up by an approved visitor or sent to a relative or friend, at no cost to the State in accordance with the provisions of Department rules relating to inmate property.
.This rule provides:
Cashier’s checks, certified bank drafts and money orders found in incoming mail shall be deposited in the Inmate Trust Fund. Cash and uncertified bank drafts will not be accepted and will be returned to the sender. The Department is not responsible for any cash sent through the mail.
JOANOS, Chief Judge,
dissenting.
The concealment of the money in the back of the card should be sufficient evidence to indicate that the sender was attempting to get the money to the inmate undetected by prison officials. The money should be considered contraband under the rule. I would affirm.
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Pace v. Singletary, 633 So. 2d 516 (Fla. 1st DCA 1994)…he was told the money was contraband and that it had been confiscated and placed in the prisoner welfare fund. He sought to have the money either placed in his inmate account or returned to his wife. In his petition, appellant cited Exum v. Dugger, 591 So. 2d 1088 (Fla. 1st DCA 1992). The trial court denied the petition. In Exum, an inmate petitioned for a writ of mandamus, contending that the Department unlawfully confiscated a $100 bill discovered in a Christmas card sent by the inmate’s brother. The Depar…