ROY LAMARE DAWKINS A/K/A WILLIE DAWKINS, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 2d DCA | 1992-10-14
No. 91-00509
PARKER, A.C.J., and ALTENBERND, J., concur.
605 So. 2d 1329 Florida District Court of Appeal, Second District (1992) Positive Treatment
Cited by 8 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

Roy Dawkins appeals his conviction for aggravated battery with a firearm, arguing that the prosecution improperly introduced evidence of an uncharged crime—possession of a firearm by a convicted felon—which violated his right to a fair trial. The appellate court agreed and reversed, finding the prosecutor's questions and closing argument about Dawkins' status as a felon unlawfully prejudiced the jury against his self-defense claim.


Holding

Evidence of the uncharged crime of possession of a firearm by a convicted felon, improperly introduced through prosecutorial questioning and closing argument, requires reversal and remand for new trial. The error cannot be deemed harmless because the state failed to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the error did not contribute to the verdict, particularly where the defendant's self-defense claim was undermined by the introduction of evidence of other unlawful acts.


Headnotes

[1] Introducing evidence of a collateral uncharged crime, such as possession of a firearm by a convicted felon, can deny a defendant a fair trial.

[2] The mere asking of a question that implies a defendant committed an unlawful act can place the defendant's character in issue, even if no answer is given.

Previewing 2 of 6 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Key Quotes

“evidence of a collateral uncharged crime, possession of a gun by a convicted felon, denied Dawkins a fair trial”

Establishes the core legal principle that introducing evidence of uncharged crimes violates the defendant's right to a fair trial

Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Facts & Procedural History

Dawkins was charged with attempted first-degree murder in shooting Reginald Mosley and claimed self-defense at trial. During cross-examination, the pr…

The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.


Opinion of the Court
PATTERSON, Judge.

PATTERSON, Judge.

Roy Dawkins challenges his judgment and sentence for aggravated battery with a firearm and argues that evidence of a collateral uncharged crime was illegally interjected into the trial and requires reversal. We agree.

The state charged Dawkins with attempted first-degree murder in the shooting of Reginald Mosley. At trial, Dawkins testified and explained that he acted in self-defense. During cross-examination, the prosecutor asked Dawkins about his prior felony conviction. Dawkins responded that he had one felony conviction. The prosecutor then asked, “You’re not supposed to have a firearm, are you, Mr. Dawkins?” The defense objected, and the trial court overruled the objection. Out of the hearing of the jury, the defense moved for a mistrial, and the court denied the motion.

During closing argument, the prosecutor stated that Dawkins was a convicted felon. The prosecutor then went on to emphasize that, as a convicted felon, Dawkins was "[o]ne that is not supposed to have a firearm.” The trial court denied defense counsel’s motion for mistrial. The jury found Dawkins guilty of the lesser-included offense of aggravated battery with a firearm. The trial court sentenced Dawkins to a minimum mandatory three years in prison, followed by twelve years’ probation.

As in Wilt v. State, 410 So. 2d 924 (Fla. 3d DCA 1982), evidence of a collateral uncharged crime, possession of a gun by a convicted felon, denied Dawkins a fair trial. The state contends that reversal is not required because the prosecutor never got an answer to the objectionable question. The mere asking of the question, however, pointed out to the jury that Dawkins was unlawfully carrying a firearm as a convicted felon. This placed his character in issue, Wilt, 410 So. 2d at 925, which was especially prejudicial because of his self-defense argument. The jury would be less likely to believe Dawkins was defending himself if they knew he had committed other unlawful acts. In addition, the prosecutor emphasized in closing argument that, as a convicted felon, Dawkins was not allowed to have a firearm.

Contrary to the state’s argument, we cannot deem the error harmless. The state failed to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the error did not contribute to the verdict. Dawkins testified that he acted in self-defense, while Mosley testified that Dawkins was the aggressor. Dawkins testified that he grabbed his gun when he saw Mosley coming toward him. The state points to the testimony of David Alexander to contradict Dawkins’ account of the circumstances preceding the shooting. Alexander testified that “when I saw Dawkins walk down the alley with the gun then I left. And that’s all I know.” Alexander did not witness the actual shooting, and we do not find the evidence to be overwhelming, as the state suggests.

In Wilt, the defendant was charged with second-degree murder and claimed that he acted in self-defense. There, the prosecutor also brought up the fact that Wilt was a convicted felon who was not allowed to carry a firearm. In reversing the defendant’s conviction, the Wilt court rejected the state’s harmless error argument. The court determined that the evidence merely showed that the defendant shot the victim, “but did not refute his contention that he acted in self-defense.” 410 So. 2d at 925.

Likewise, under the disputed facts surrounding the shooting in this case, we cannot characterize the error as harmless. Thus, we reverse Dawkins’ judgment and sentence and remand the cause for a new trial.

Reversed and remanded.

PARKER, A.C.J., and ALTENBERND, J., concur.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • Henderson v. State, 789 So. 2d 1016 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000)
    …theory was that the roommate had committed the crimes alleged. The court’s curative instruction could not “unring the bell” with regard to the disclosure of Mr. Cornatezer’s past criminal history.... Id. at 1218-19. Similarly, in Dawkins v. State, 605 So. 2d 1329 (Fla. 2d DCA 1992), this court reversed the defendant’s conviction after the State asked Dawkins on cross-examination, “You’re not supposed to have a firearm, are you, Mr. Dawkins?” This court noted that the question itself suggested that Dawkins wa…
  • Brooks v. State, 868 So. 2d 643 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004)
    …r than the crime for which the defendant is on trial, is inadmissible in a criminal case when its sole relevance is to attack the character of the defendant.” Cornatezer v. State, 736 So. 2d 1217, 1218 (Fla. 5th DCA 1999); see also Dawkins v. State, 605 So. 2d 1329, 1330 (Fla. 2d DCA 1992); Garvey v. State, 754 So. 2d 130 (Fla. 3d DCA [*645] 2000); J.P. v. State, 546 So. 2d 753 (Fla. 3d DCA 1989); Finklea v. State, 471 So. 2d 596, 597 (Fla. 1st DCA 1985). Thus the question presented to us is whether Rosa’s non…
    1 / 2
  • Cornatezer v. State, 736 So. 2d 1217 (Fla. 5th DCA 1999)
    …Cornatezer’s past criminal history, and the state cannot prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the disclosure by Detective Gallant that Mr. Cornatezer had a previous unrelated conviction did not contribute to the jury’s verdict. See Dawkins v. State, 605 So. 2d 1329, 1330 (Fla. 2d DCA 1992). Accordingly, we must reverse Mr. Cornatezer’s judgments and sentences and remand this matter to the trial court for a new trial.2 JUDGMENTS and SENTENCES REVERSED; CAUSE REMANDED FOR NEW TRIAL. GOSHORN and HARRIS, JJ., co…

Previewing 3 of 4 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Authorities Cited

Full citator, related cases, and AI research tools

Open in FLexlaw