RICHARD STACKHOUSE, APPELLANT,
v.
DR. BEN D. EMERSON, HUMANA HOSPITAL, INC. AND HERITAGE HEALTH CORPORATION, APPELLEES

Fla. 5th DCA | 1993-01-22
No. 92-1228
GOSHORN, C.J., and DAUKSCH, J., concur.
611 So. 2d 1365 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fifth District (1993) Positive Treatment
Cited by 28 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.


Holding

The court held that the claims alleged in the amended complaint do not fall within the medical malpractice statute of limitations because they involve independent intentional torts, not negligence arising from medical treatment.


Headnotes

[1] Claims for intentional torts, such as false imprisonment or intentional infliction of emotional distress, are not barred by the medical malpractice statute of limitations…

[2] A cause of action for medical malpractice requires damages arising out of medical, dental, or surgical diagnosis, treatment, or care by a healthcare provider.

Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Facts & Procedural History

Appellant sued appellees alleging he was involuntarily admitted for alcoholism treatment, but appellees refused to release him and forced treatment fo…

The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.


Opinion of the Court
DIAMANTIS, Judge.

DIAMANTIS, Judge.

Appellant Richard Stackhouse appeals an order dismissing with prejudice his four-count amended complaint. We reverse and remand this cause for further proceedings.

Appellant filed the instant action on October 15, 1991. Appellant subsequently filed an amended complaint which states in substance that on March 17, 1989 he voluntarily admitted himself into appellee Huma-na Hospital for treatment of alcoholism; that appellee Heritage Health Corporation had a contract with Humana Hospital to provide that type of treatment to appellant; that appellee Dr. Ben D. Emerson was an employee of Heritage; and that for several days appellees refused to release appellant and forced medical treatment upon him for their sole financial aggrandizement even though he demanded to be released, which resulted in physical injury to appellant and in the loss of his employment and his employer’s medical coverage. In four counts, the amended complaint alleges (1) conspiracy, fraud, and theft; (2) false imprisonment; (3) violation of a patient’s medical or civil rights through forced medical treatment and attendant restraint; and (4) intentional infliction of emotional distress.

Appellees filed motions to dismiss the complaint in which they raised several grounds supporting dismissal. The order dismissing appellant’s complaint with prejudice does not indicate the ground or grounds for dismissal; however, the parties agree that the trial court dismissed the action upon finding that the factual allegations in the complaint sound in medical malpractice, and that appellant’s action was barred by the two-year statute of limitations for medical malpractice, section 95.-ll(4)(b) of the Florida Statutes (1989).

Section 95.11(4)(b) provides in pertinent part:

An action for medical malpractice shall be commenced within 2 years from the time of the incident giving rise to the action occurred....

An “action for medical malpractice” is defined as:

... a claim in tort or contract for damages because of the death, injury, or monetary loss to any person arising out of any medical, dental, or surgical diagnosis, treatment or care by any provider of health care.

§ 95.11(4)(b), Fla.Stat. (1989).

This court must consider as true the factual allegations made in the complaint when considering the correctness of a trial court’s order on a motion to dismiss. Rankin v. Colman, 476 So. 2d 234 (Fla. 5th DCA 1985) rev. denied, 484 So. 2d 7 (Fla. 1986); Price v. Morgan, 436 So. 2d 1116 (Fla. 5th DCA 1983) rev. denied, 447 So. 2d 887 (Fla.1984).

We hold that the above counts, as alleged, do not fall within the ambit of section 95.11(4)(b). The causes of action stated in these counts do not allege medical malpractice, but instead, involve independent intentional acts committed upon appellant by appellees while appellant was a patient at Humana Hospital. On their face appellant’s claims are not for medical malpractice arising from a consensual or otherwise legitimate health care provider/patient relationship. Succinctly stated, what we have here are claims for intentional torts independent of any medical diagnosis, treatment or care, which, at best, originate rather remotely from a health care provider/patient relationship. See St. Vincent’s Medical Center v. Oakley, 371 So. 2d 590 (Fla. 1st DCA 1979); Jackson v. Biscayne Medical Center, Inc., 347 So. 2d 721 (Fla. 3d DCA 1977).1 See also McAlpin v. Sokolay, 596 So. 2d 1266 (Fla. 5th DCA 1992). To accept appellees’ contention that their acts, as set forth in the complaint, are barred by the statute of limitations for medical malpractice “would lead to the absurd result that every wrongful act committed by a [health care provider] amounts to medical malpractice.” Jackson, 347 So. 2d at 722.

Appellant is entitled to plead his claims as he wishes, thereby assuming the duty to prove that the acts of the appellees constituted intentional torts unrelated to, or independent of, any consensual or legitimate medical diagnosis, care or treatment. Oakley, 371 So. 2d at 591. Appellees have a corresponding right to plead as an affirmative defense the statute of limitations applicable to medical malpractice actions. In this regard, appellees are entitled to show that their acts, if wrongful, amounted to medical malpractice in that their acts arose from a consensual or otherwise legitimate medical diagnosis, care or treatment and constituted a breach of duty which appellees owed appellant concerning such medical diagnosis, care or treatment of him. Thus, appellees have the right to show that their acts of which appellant complains were negligently performed and, consequently, that an action based thereon is barred by the statute of limitations applicable to malpractice actions, including a claim based on lack of informed consent.2 Martinez v. Lifemark Hospital of Florida, Inc., 608 So. 2d 855 (Fla. 3d DCA 1992); Neilinger v. Baptist Hospital of Miami, Inc., 460 So. 2d 564 (Fla. 3d DCA 1984); Mount Sinai Hospital of Greater Miami, Inc. v. Wolfson, 327 So. 2d 883 (Fla. 3d DCA 1976).

As noted, appellees’ motions to dismiss contain several supporting grounds but the order of dismissal was based solely upon the statute of limitations issue. Because we hold only that appellant’s amended complaint, on its face, is not barred by the medical malpractice statute of limitations, we remand this cause for further proceedings to allow the trial court to consider the remaining issues raised in appellees’ motions.

REVERSED and REMANDED with directions.

GOSHORN, C.J., and DAUKSCH, J., concur. . We reject appellees’ efforts to distinguish Jackson v. Biscayne Medical Center, Inc., supra, on the basis that the case involved a "former patient" because the complaint filed in that case specifically alleged that the plaintiff was wrongfully removed from the hospital premises without medical authorization. Additionally, we would note that Jackson is followed as authority in St. Vincent’s Medical Center v. Oakley, supra, which, without question, involved intentional acts committed upon a current patient of the hospital involved in that case.

. Although technically a battery, a claim based on lack of informed consent constitutes a species of medical negligence. See, e.g. Sistrunk v. Hoshall, 530 So. 2d 935 (Fla. 1st DCA) rev. dismissed, 534 So. 2d 401 (Fla.1988).


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By (14 total)

  • Bell v. Indian River Mem'l Hosp., 778 So. 2d 1030 (Fla. 4th DCA 2001)
    …n to [*1034] comply with Chapter 766 notice and screening requirements); Liles v. P.I.A. Medfield) Inc., 681 So. 2d 711, 712 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995) (not every wrongful act by a health care provider amounts to medical malpractice); Stackhouse v. Emerson, 611 So. 2d 1365 (Fla. 5th DCA 1993)(plaintiff was entitled to plead claims of intentional torts unrelated to, or independent of, medical diagnosis, care or treatment). In this case, hospital personnel did not engage in any medical skill or judgment in the disposit…
  • Holmes Reg'l Med. Ctr., Inc. v. Dumigan, 151 So. 3d 1282 (Fla. 5th DCA 2014)
    …e allegations in the complaint and accept them as true. S. Baptist Hosp. of Fla., Inc. v. Ashe, 948 So. 2d 889, 890 (Fla. 1st DCA 2007) (citing Foshee v. Health Mgmt. Assocs., 675 So. 2d 957, 959 (Fla. 5th DCA 1996)); see also Stackhouse v. Emerson, 611 So. 2d 1365, 1366 (Fla. 5th DCA 1993). And because the presuit requirements of the FMMA limit the constitutional right of access to courts, they must be narrowly construed. See Acosta v. HealthSpring of Fla., Inc., 118 So. 3d 246, 248 (Fla. 3d DCA 2013) (citing…
  • Granville Steven Liles v. P.I.A. Medfield, Inc., 681 So. 2d 711 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995)
    …“claim for medical malpractice” is defined as “a claim arising out of the rendering of, or the failure to render, medical care or services.” Not every wrongful act by a health care provider amounts to medical malpractice. See Stackhouse v. Emerson, 611 So. 2d 1365 (Fla. 5th DCA 1993) (plaintiff was entitled to plead claims of intentional torts unrelated to, or independent of, medical diagnosis, care or treatment). Liles’ complaint includes a count alleging false imprisonment. A claim for the tort of false i…

Previewing 3 of 14 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Authorities Cited

Full citator, related cases, and AI research tools

Open in FLexlaw