WAYNE ELLIOT BROWN, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
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The court held that a trial court has inherent power to order the return of property seized from a criminal suspect, and a motion for return is facially sufficient if it alleges ownership, non-contraband status, and lawful retention. The court also held that where facts regarding seizure are disputed, an evidentiary hearing is required.
[1] A trial court possesses inherent power to assist the owner in recovering property held in custodia legis when the court has assumed jurisdiction over criminal charges.
[2] A motion for the return of seized property is facially sufficient if it alleges the property was exclusively owned by the movant, was not contraband or the fruit of crimi…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceWayne Brown appealed the denial of his motion for the return of property seized during his 1989 arrest, including an attache case and items from his c…
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PER CURIAM.
Wayne Brown appeals the denial of his “motion for the return of property.”
The motion alleges that Brown was arrested on felony charges in 1989. In conjunction with the arrest his automobile was forfeited and his apartment searched. Among the items seized were a weightlifting belt, personal papers, an attache case, and “plaintiff’s application to the Florida Bar.” Brown asserts that none of these possessions was relevant to his criminal charges. The Tampa Police Department, in its response to the motion, acknowledged seizure of an attache case from Brown’s apartment, and stated they would return it if ordered to do so.
However, the department disclaimed knowledge of any items taken from Brown’s car. When a trial court has assumed jurisdiction over criminal charges, it is thereafter vested with an inherent power to assist the true owner in the recovery of property held in custodia legis. Garmire v. Red Lake, 265 So. 2d 2 (Fla.1972). This power has been extended to situations such as that depicted in the present case, viz., where property has been seized from a criminal suspect. Estevez v. Gordon, 386 So. 2d 43 (Fla. 3d DCA 1980). A separate suit for replevin or conversion is not necessary. Estevez, 386 So. 2d at 45 n. 2.
Our court has not written extensively about this inherent power. We would require the movant to allege that the property was exclusively his or her own, that it was not contraband or the fruit of criminal activity, and that it was not being held as evidence or by similar lawful justification. Upon receipt of a facially sufficient motion the trial court is obligated to exercise this inherent jurisdiction, and relief by mandamus may be available in the event it does not. Estevez.
We find that Brown’s motion is facially sufficient.
Moreover, we find no justification for the trial court’s refusal to direct the return of the attache case and other items which the Tampa Police Department admits holding and is willing to relinquish. Cf. Jones v. Coe, 579 So. 2d 905 (Fla. 2d DCA 1991).
Accordingly, we reverse this portion of the trial court’s order and direct the court to exercise its inherent power and enter an order requiring the return of those items to Brown. We withhold formal issuance of a writ of mandamus.2 The property allegedly taken from Brown’s automobile presents a more problematic situation. The effect of this portion of the trial court’s order is similar in principle to the granting of summary judgment while disputed facts remain unresolved. The decision in Coon v. State, 585 So. 2d 1079, 1081 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991), indicates a defendant should receive an evidentiary hearing when asserting “that the state is unlawfully holding his property.”
While we agree that Brown is entitled to a hearing, again, the published case law is not abundant regarding the extent of such a hearing. In the absence of a formal complaint, we believe the trial court’s inherent power would allow it to resolve such questions as whether enumerated items were, in fact, seized, and whether a valid basis exists to permit their retention by authorities.
Accordingly, we also reverse this portion of the trial court’s order and direct further inquiry into the whereabouts of the items allegedly taken from Brown’s automobile. Whether the inquiry should be more extensive than this, or the available remedy broader than an order to return, is debatable. Certainly the court cannot make the police department return property it does not possess. Conceivably Brown might at some point be able to establish that property was lost or damaged through some fault of the department, entitling him to money damages. In this instance, however, we would require an original action pursuant to the rules of civil procedure.
Reversed.
DANAHY, A.C.J., and HALL and PATTERSON, JJ., concur. . In Estevez the court refused to entertain the motion. Where a court erroneously declines to accept or exercise jurisdiction, mandamus may lie. See, e.g., State ex rel. Gaines Construction Co. v. Pearson, 154 So. 2d 833 (Fla.1963). Had the court ruled on the merits of Estevez’s motion, the proper remedy would have been an appeal pursuant to Fla.R.App.P. 9.130(a)(3)(C)(ii). Golding v. Director of Public Safety Department of Metropoilitan Dade County, 400 So. 2d 990 (Fla. 3d DCA 1981).
. Because the attache case was seized pursuant to a search warrant, Brown arguably should have applied to the magistrate before whom the warrant application was made. § 933.14, Fla. Stat. (1991). However, in view of the department's concession that it holds and is willing to return the attache case, we believe any technical deficiencies in Brown's pro se pleading can be overlooked. In any event it is doubtful that section 933.14 constitutes the sole remedy available to Brown. See Coon v. State, 585 So. 2d 1079 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991).
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Deatrick S. Bolden v. State, 875 So. 2d 780 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004)…on them)” and “[d]e-nied as to all other items.” When a trial court assumes jurisdiction over criminal charges, it has inherent authority to assist the true owner in the recovery of property that has been seized from the defendant. Brown v. State, 613 So. 2d 569, 570 (Fla. 2d DCA 1993); Coon v. State, 585 So. 2d 1079, 1080 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991). When the defendant seeks the return of seized property as the true owner, the applicable procedure is similar to the procedure for the consideration of a motion for p…
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Stone v. State, 630 So. 2d 660 (Fla. 2d DCA 1994)…items in question were packaged like new merchandise, Stone should have to prove he owns them and that they are not “the fruits of crimes.” If this is the position taken by the circuit court, it does not comport with our decision in Brown v. State, 613 So. 2d 569 (Fla. 2d DCA 1993). Faced with a motion such as that filed by Stone, the court has the inherent power “to resolve such questions as whether enumerated items were, in fact, seized, and whether a valid basis exists to permit their return by authoritie…1 / 2
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Eight Hundred, Inc. v. State, 781 So. 2d 1187 (Fla. 5th DCA 2001)…osecution is instituted, the court in which that prosecution is pending acquires jurisdiction over that property to hear and determine all questions concerning its ownership if the property seized has an evidentiary purpose.”); Kern; Brown v. State, 613 So. 2d 569 (Fla. 2d DCA 1993). This inherent authority to direct return of seized property continues beyond the termination of the criminal prosecution. See Oleandi; Kern (concluding that subsequent to defendant’s acquittal of the criminal charges, the trial c…
Previewing 3 of 28 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- State of Fla. ex rel. Gaines Constr. Co. v. Tillman Pearson, 154 So. 2d 833 (Fla. 1963)
- Garmire v. Lake, 265 So. 2d 2 (Fla. 1972)
- Coon v. State, 585 So. 2d 1079 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991)
- Estevez v. Gordon, 386 So. 2d 43 (Fla. 3d DCA 1980)
- Golding v. Dir. of the Pub. Safety Dep't, 400 So. 2d 990 (Fla. 3d DCA 1981)
- Jones v. Honorable Harry Lee COE, III, 579 So. 2d 905 (Fla. 2d DCA 1991)
- Raines v. State, 579 So. 2d 905 (Fla. 2d DCA 1991)