RICHARD MURL BOOMER, JR., PETITIONER,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, RESPONDENT
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The Florida Supreme Court held that when a trial court imposes a guidelines maximum sentence to run consecutively with a capital (life) sentence, the resulting consecutive term does not constitute a guidelines departure requiring written justification, because capital felonies are expressly excluded from the sentencing guidelines scheme.
A court may impose a guidelines maximum sentence to be served consecutively with a capital sentence without written justification, because capital felonies are expressly excluded from the sentencing guidelines scheme and are therefore not subject to the guidelines' restrictions on consecutive sentences.
[1] Sentences imposed for capital offenses are not subject to the restrictions of the sentencing guidelines.
[2] A court imposing a guidelines maximum sentence to be served consecutively with a capital sentence does not require written justification for a departure.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“The guidelines shall be applied to all felonies, except capital felonies, committed on or after October 1, 1983, and to all felonies, except capital felonies and life felonies, committed prior to October 1, 1983”
Establishes that capital felonies are expressly excluded from the sentencing guidelines scheme
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceBoomer was convicted of sexual battery on a child under twelve, attempted sexual battery, and lewd assault based on incidents occurring between Novemb…
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SHAW, Justice.
We have for review Boomer v. State, 596 So. 2d 730 (Fla. 2d DCA 1992), wherein the district court recognized conflict with Wood v. State, 593 So. 2d 557 (Fla. 5th DCA 1992). We have jurisdiction. Art. V, § 3(b)(4), Fla. Const. We approve Boomer. Boomer was convicted of sexual battery on a child under twelve, attempted sexual battery, and lewd assault based on incidents that took place between November 1 and December 31, 1986, and was sentenced to life imprisonment with consecutive thirty and fifteen year terms, respectively. The district court affirmed the convictions and the life sentence, reversed the consecutive thirty and fifteen year terms, and remanded for resentencing under the guidelines on the attempted sexual battery and lewd assault counts. The guidelines called for a total recommended range of seven to nine years on the two offenses. The trial court on remand imposed two concurrent nine year terms, to be served consecutively with the life sentence. The district court affirmed and recognized conflict with Wood, wherein the court ruled that a guidelines sentence ordered to be served consecutively with an habitual offender sentence constitutes a departure requiring justification.
Boomer notes that under the rules governing the sentencing guidelines a court may not exceed the guidelines range by ordering one guidelines maximum sentence to run consecutively with another guidelines maximum, without giving written reasons. A court similarly may not order a guidelines maximum term to run consecutively with a nonguidelines (i.e., capital) sentence as was done in the present case, he contends. The sentences must be concurrent, Boomer argues, and if a court wishes to depart based on a capital felony it may do so only upon written justification.
Florida Statutes authorize sentences for criminal offenses to be imposed either concurrently or consecutively:
A defendant convicted of two or more offenses charged in the same indictment, information, or affidavit or in consolidated indictments, informations, or affidavits shall serve the sentences of imprisonment concurrently unless the court directs that two or more of the sentences be served consecutively. Sentences of imprisonment for offenses not charged in the same indictment, information, or affidavit shall be served consecutively unless the court directs that two or more of the sentences be served concurrently.
§ 921.16(1), Fla.Stat. (1985). See also § 775.021(4), Fla.Stat. (1985). Additionally, the sentencing guidelines provide that when consecutive sentences are imposed under the guidelines, “the total sentence cannot exceed the total guideline [maximum] sentence unless a written reason is given.” Fla.R.Crim.P. 3.701(d)(12).
We note that capital felonies are expressly excluded from the sentencing guidelines scheme:
The guidelines shall be applied to all felonies, except capital felonies, committed on or after October 1, 1983, and to all felonies, except capital felonies and life felonies, committed prior to October 1, 1983, for which sentencing occurs after such date when the defendant affirmatively selects to be sentenced pursuant to the provisions of this act.
§ 921.001(4)(a), Fla.Stat. (1985). Accordingly, sentences imposed for capital offenses are not subject to the guidelines’ restrictions, including the one noted above concerning consecutive sentences. We hold that where a court imposes a guidelines maximum sentence to be served consecutively with a capital sentence the resulting term does not constitute a guidelines departure requiring written justification.
Based on the foregoing, we approve Boomer. It is so ordered.
BARKETT, C.J., and OVERTON, McDonald, GRIMES, KOGAN and HARDING, JJ., concur.
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Gipson v. State, 616 So. 2d 992 (Fla. 1993)…Court approved Boomer, reasoning that because capital felonies are excluded from the sentencing guidelines scheme they are not subject to guidelines restrictions including the one barring imposition of consecutive maximum terms. See Boomer v. State, 616 So. 2d 991 (Fla.1993). We note that habitual offender sentences are similarly excluded from the guidelines scheme: A sentence imposed under this [habitual offender] section shall not be subject to the provisions of s. 921.001 [the sentencing guidelines]. Sec…
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Smith v. State, 648 So. 2d 1259 (Fla. 4th DCA 1995)…each crime. See Bowman v. State, 620 So. 2d 1036 (Fla. 4th DCA 1993). Cf. State v. Boatwright, 559 So. 2d 210 (Fla.1990). It was proper, however, to order the non-capital felony sentences to run consecutive to the capital sentence. Boomer v. State, 616 So. 2d 991 (Fla.1993). We reverse and remand for resentencing. The trial court may depart from the guidelines if it is so inclined, but must support departure by sufficient written reasons. AFFIRMED IN PART; REVERSED IN PART; REMANDED. HERSEY, GUNTHER and W…
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Smith v. State, 632 So. 2d 95 (Fla. 2d DCA 1994)…he Rent Store having been committed simultaneously. See Downs v. State, 616 So. 2d 444 (Fla.1993). Although it is not a departure from the guidelines to run the guidelines sentence and habitual offender sentences consecutively, see Boomer v. State, 616 So. 2d 991 (Fla.1993), the habitual offender sentence must be served first in order to preserve the appellant’s entitlement, if any, to control release. See Ricardo v. State, 608 So. 2d at 95. Thus, upon remand, the trial court may impose the guidelines senten…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Wood v. State, 593 So. 2d 557 (Fla. 5th DCA 1992)
- Boomer v. State, 596 So. 2d 730 (Fla. 2d DCA 1992)