KEITH BERNARD BROWN, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 1st DCA | 1993-05-07
No. 93-342
SMITH, ZEHMER and ALLEN, JJ., concur.
617 So. 2d 1105 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (1993) Caution
Cited by 10 cases

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Synopsis

Keith Bernard Brown appeals the denial of his motion for post-conviction relief, raising the threshold question of whether the motion was timely filed under Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.850(b). The court holds that a judgment becomes final for purposes of the two-year filing deadline when the Florida Supreme Court disposes of a petition for discretionary review, not when the district court's mandate issues, and thus denies the State's motion to dismiss the appeal.


Holding

The judgment and sentence become final for purposes of Rule 3.850(b) when the Florida Supreme Court disposes of a petition for discretionary review of the district court's decision on direct appeal, not when the district court issues its mandate. Accordingly, Brown's motion for post-conviction relief, filed within two years of the Supreme Court's denial, was timely, and the State's motion to dismiss the appeal was properly denied.


Headnotes

[1] A motion to dismiss an appeal is not the proper procedural vehicle to argue that the trial court reached the correct result for the wrong reason; such an argument should…

[2] For purposes of Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.850(b), a judgment and sentence become final when the Florida Supreme Court disposes of a petition for discretionary…

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Key Quotes

“the judgment and sentence become final and the two year time limit of Rule 3.850(b) commenced when the Florida Supreme Court disposes of a petition for review of the district court's decision on direct appeal.”

Establishes the controlling rule for when finality occurs under Rule 3.850(b)

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Facts & Procedural History

Brown was convicted of second degree murder and armed robbery. His direct appeal was affirmed by the First District Court of Appeal on September 24, 1…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

ORDER ON APPELLEE’S MOTIONS TO DISMISS AND FOR JUDICIAL NOTICE

PER CURIAM.

Keith Bernard Brown appeals the summary denial of his motion for post-conviction relief. The State of Florida, appellee in this cause, moves to dismiss the appeal and for this court to take judicial notice of the issuance of mandate in Brown’s direct appeal. For the reasons that follow, we deny the motion to dismiss and grant the motion for judicial notice.

Brown was tried and convicted of second degree murder and armed robbery. His judgment and sentences were affirmed on direct appeal in Brown v. State, 565 So. 2d 369 (Fla. 1st DCA 1990). Appellant petitioned the Supreme Court of Florida for review of our decision, but the petition was denied on January 2, 1991. Brown v. State, 576 So. 2d 285 (Fla.1991). Meanwhile, as apparently no stay of mandate was requested or ordered, see State v. McKinnon, 540 So. 2d 111 (Fla.1989), this court’s mandate issued on September 24, 1990.

Brown filed his motion for post-conviction relief on November 17, 1992, and the trial court, finding no merit to movant’s claims, denied relief and attached certain portions of the record to its order. The state now moves for dismissal of this appeal, arguing that Brown’s judgment and sentences became final on September 24, 1990, when mandate issued in our case number 89-2430, the direct appeal described above.

Thus, according to appellee, the motion for post-conviction relief was untimely under Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.850(b), which requires that a motion be filed no more than two years after the judgment and sentence become final, with certain exceptions that are apparently not applicable here. In support of its argument, appellee relies primarily on Brown v. State, 577 So. 2d 644 (Fla. 1st DCA), review denied, 591 So. 2d 180 (Fla.1991) (hereafter Brown) and Austin v. State, 527 So. 2d 867 (Fla. 1st DCA), review denied, 536 So. 2d 243 (Fla.1988).

Appellant opposes the motion, pointing to Ward v. Dugger, 508 So. 2d 778 (Fla. 1st DCA 1987) which held that, for these purposes, the judgment and sentence are not final until disposition by the supreme court of the petition for discretionary review. As appellant’s motion for post-conviction relief was filed within two years of denial of his petition for review by the Florida Supreme Court, the motion would be timely under the rationale of Ward. Appellee also moves for this court to take judicial notice of the date of issuance of mandate in case number 89-2430. Appellant has expressed no objection to this request and such judicial notice appears to be appropriate. Gulf Coast Home Health Services, Inc. v. Department of Rehabilitative Services, 503 So. 2d 415 (Fla. 1st DCA 1987).

Accordingly, appellee’s request for judicial notice is granted.

We do not find, however, that the state’s motion to dismiss is so well-taken. As a threshold matter, even if we were to find appellee’s position on the interpretation of Rule 3.850(b) to be correct, it has not shown grounds for dismissal of this appeal. An appealable order was entered by the trial court and appellant timely filed a notice of appeal. Nothing has occurred in the appellate proceedings to warrant dismissal. Instead, the state is actually arguing that the trial court reached the correct result for the wrong reason, that is, the motion for post-conviction relief should have been denied as untimely. The proper method to present such an argument is to argue for affirmance in the answer brief, not by moving to dismiss. See Brown, 577 So. 2d at 645; cf. Diaz v. Florida Department of Corrections, 511 So. 2d 669 (Fla. 1st DCA 1987) (improper to use motion to dismiss to argue that appeal lacks merit); Fla. R.App.P. 9.315(c) (party may not move appellate court for summary affirmance).

In the interest of judicial economy we nevertheless will resolve the question presented by the appellee’s motion to dismiss. While we agree with appellee that there is apparently conflicting language in this court’s opinions in Ward and Brown, we do not agree that the latter overruled the former. In Brown, the appellant’s direct appeal resulted in affirmance and mandate issued May 22, 1986. Brown then attempted to appeal this court’s decision to the Florida Supreme Court, but the appeal was dismissed on September 8, 1986. His motion for post-conviction relief was filed August 23, 1989, and this court affirmed denial of the motion, finding it to have been untimely filed. In so doing, it found “[t]he final step in the appellate process here occurred on May 22, 1986, when this court issued its mandate.” Brown, 577 So. 2d at 645. By contrast, the Ward opinion squarely held that the judgment and sentence become final and the two year time limit of Rule 3.850(b) commenced when the Florida Supreme Court disposes of a petition for review of the district court’s decision on direct appeal. 508 So. 2d at 779.

We believe Ward was correctly decided and, to the extent Brown v. State, 577 So. 2d 644 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991) may appear to conflict with Ward, we recede from Brown.

The discussion in Brown was dicta, as appellant’s motion for post-conviction relief was untimely whether measured from issuance of mandate or denial of his appeal to the supreme court of our decision. Further, the Ward holding appears to be correct. See Gallo v. State, 571 So. 2d 78 (Fla. 4th DCA 1990); cf. Burr v. State, 518 So. 2d 903 (Fla.1987) vacated on other grounds, 487 U.S. 1201, 108 S.Ct. 2840, 101 L.Ed.2d 878 (1988), opinion on remand, 550 So. 2d 444 (Fla.1989), vacated, 496 U.S. 914, 110 S.Ct. 2608, 110 L.Ed.2d 629 (1990), affirmed in part, remanded in part, 576 So. 2d 278 (Fla.1991) (time for filing motion for post-conviction relief in death penalty case did not commence until United States Supreme Court disposed of petition for writ of certiorari for review of state supreme court’s disposition on appeal of judgment and sentence).

For the foregoing reasons, we grant appellee’s motion for judicial notice but deny appellee’s motion to dismiss the appeal.

IT IS SO ORDERED.

SMITH, ZEHMER and ALLEN, JJ., concur. . Appellee’s reliance on Austin v. State, 527 So. 2d 867 (Fla. 1st DCA), review denied, 536 So. 2d 243 (Fla.1988) is misplaced because after affirmance of his judgment and sentence by this court, Austin petitioned the supreme court for a writ of habeas corpus, which is not a vehicle to review this court’s decision. In fact, the Austin opinion cites Ward with approval.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Rector v. State, 668 So. 2d 1104 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996)
    …s final and the two year time limit of Rule 3.850(b) commences when the Florida Supreme Court disposes of a petition for review of the district court’s decision on direct appeal. Gallo v. State, 571 So. 2d 78, 79 (Fla. 4th DCA 1990); Brown v. State, 617 So. 2d 1105 (Fla. 1st DCA 1993). Furthermore, Rule 3.040, Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure, provides that in computing the two year time limit, the day of the act or event from which the designated period of time begins to run is not to be included. Finally,…
  • Beaty v. State, 684 So. 2d 206 (Fla. 2d DCA 1996)
    …ida Supreme Court.2 We distinguish cases in which prisoners have timely sought supreme court review of district court decisions affirming a judgment and sentence by a written opinion. See State v. Meneses, 392 So. 2d 905 (Fla.1981); Brown v. State, 617 So. 2d 1105 (Fla. 1st DCA 1993). See also Ward v. Dugger, 508 So. 2d 778 (Fla. 1st DCA 1987). When a district court issues [*208] a written opinion, there is a possibility that the supreme court will take jurisdiction over the case. The fact that the two-year t…
  • Rico L. Cargle v. State, 800 So. 2d 698 (Fla. 1st DCA 2001)
    …dure 3.850. Because the appellant’s motion was filed within two years of the date that the supreme court disposed of the appellant’s petition for review of this Court’s decision on direct appeal, the appellant’s motion is timely. See Brown v. State, 617 So. 2d 1105, 1106 (Fla. 1st DCA 1993); see also Cargle v. State, 770 So. 2d 1151 (Fla.2000). Further, the appellant’s claim, which is that the trial court erred in reclassifying his aggravated battery conviction from a second-degree felony to a first-degree f…

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