COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA, GUY L. CARLTON, AS TAX COLLECTOR OF COLLIER COUNTY, RICHARD S. SHANAHAN, MICHAEL J. VOLPE, PATRICIA ANNE GOODNIGHT, BURT L. SAUNDERS AND MAX A. HASSE, AS COMMISSIONERS OF COLLIER COUNTY AND MARY MORGAN, AS SUPERVISOR OF ELECTIONS OF COLLIER COUNTY, APPELLANTS,
v.
JOSEPH FRENI, JR., THE RITZ-CARLTON HOTEL, THE NAPLES GOLF AND BEACH CLUB, INC., VAN-DEV, INC., D/B/A VANDERBILT INN ON THE GULF, MARRIOTT'S MARCO ISLAND RESORT, INC., LA PLAYA ASSOCIATES, INC., MARCO BAY RESORT, INC., DT HOTEL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, D/B/A EDGEWATER BEACH HOTEL, OLDE NAPLES LAND PARTNERS, LTD., D/B/A HOWARD JOHNSON'S LODGE AND BOMARK, INC., D/B/A TRAILS END MOTEL, AND RICHARD D. GRIFFITH, INDIVIDUALLY AND AS CLASS REPRESENTATIVE OF ALL OTHERS SIMILARLY SITUATED, HOBART C. BISHOP, NANCY CONTARDI, MARTIN L. KELLEY, J.E. LALMAN, THOMAS LOVINGGOOD, TERRY MORRIS, DIANE MORRIS, RICHARD MURPHY, HORACE RENSHAW, WENDELL SMITH AND ALBERT M. TIACHE, INDIVIDUALLY, AND ON BEHALF OF ALL OTHER PERSONS SIMILARLY SITUATED, APPELLEES
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Collier County appeals a circuit court judgment awarding taxpayers refunds of local tourist development taxes collected under an ordinance later found to lack a required tourist development plan. The appellate court reversed, holding that the legislature's subsequent curative act validly ratified the previously collected taxes because the legislature had initial authority to confer the taxing power.
The court reversed, holding that because the legislature had authority in the first instance to confer the taxing power on counties, the tax as initially imposed was not void; therefore, the legislature could validly ratify the tax by correcting the procedural defect through a curative statute.
[1] A curative act may ratify taxes previously imposed under an invalidated ordinance, provided the legislature had the initial authority to confer the taxing power.
[2] The submission of a plan for tourist development is a necessary condition precedent to the levy of a tourist development tax under section 125.0104, Florida Statutes.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“Where the authority exists in the first instance to confer the taxing power, the tax thereafter imposed is not void.”
Establishes the core principle from Heinszen that controls the case—the validity of a tax depends on whether the legislature had initial authority to grant the taxing power.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceCollier County adopted ordinance no. 90-43 imposing a local tourist development tax under the Local Option Tourist Development Act. The ordinance lack…
The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.
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RYDER, Judge.
Appellants challenge the final summary judgment awarding taxpayers refunds of local taxes levied under an invalidated ordinance. We reverse.
This is the third time this court has reviewed the proceedings in the circuit court regarding Collier County’s ordinance no. 90-43. See Freni v. Collier County, 573 So. 2d 1054 (Fla. 2d DCA 1991) (Freni I); Freni v. Collier County, 588 So. 2d 291 (Fla. 2d DCA 1991) (Freni II). The ordinance permitted a local tourist development tax authorized by the Local Option Tourist Development Act (the Act), section 125.0104, Florida Statutes (1987). The circuit court initially upheld the ordinance despite the absence of a plan for tourist development as required by section 125.0104(4), Florida Statutes (1987). This court held that the submission of a plan was a necessary condition precedent to the levy of the tax and reversed the circuit court. See Freni II.
Before Freni II issued and before the county began collecting the tax, various hotel operators filed a declaratory relief action seeking to bar the operation of the ordinance. After the issuance of Freni II, the taxpayers sued for refunds oí the taxes collected prior to that decision. The circuit court consolidated the hotel operators’ and taxpayers’ cases.
While the consolidated cases proceeded in the circuit court, the legislature passed a curative act. See § 125.0104, Fla.Stat. (1992 Supp.). The 1992 amendment ratified previously imposed taxes which were subject to invalidation for failure to follow certain requirements, including the requirement that the tourist development council submit a plan for tourist development. Subsequent to the amendment, a majority of the voters in the referendum held in Collier County approved another tourist tax. The tax was levied in accordance with the Act as amended. The circuit court, nevertheless, awarded the taxpayers refunds.
We find United States v. Heinszen, 206 U.S. 870, 27 S.Ct. 742, 51 L.Ed. 1098 (1907), controlling. Where the authority exists in the first instance to confer the taxing power, the tax thereafter imposed is not void. See Heinszen. If the tax is not void, then the legislature may ratify the tax. See He-inszen.
The legislature had the authority in the first instance to confer on counties the power to impose and collect a tourist tax. Given the initial valid exercise of the legislature’s authority, the tax as initially imposed was not void, as was the tax in New Smyrna Inlet Dist. v. Esch, 103 Fla. 24, 137 So. 1, reh’g denied, 103 Fla. 24, 138 So. 49 (1931). Although the tourist tax was subject to invalidation for want of following the procedural requirements of the Act, the legislature acted within its capacity in ratifying the tax by providing a means to correct the procedural defect of the absence of a plan for tourist development. Accordingly, we reverse the circuit court’s order awarding refunds to the taxpayers and remand the ease for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.
Reversed and remanded.
FRANK, C.J., and BLUE, J., concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Authorities Cited
- United States v. Heinszen & Co., 206 U.S. 370 (U.S. 1907)
- New Smyrna Inlet Dist. v. Esch, 103 Fla. 24 (Fla. 1931)
- Freni v. Collier Cnty., 573 So. 2d 1054 (Fla. 2d DCA 1991)
- Freni v. Collier Cnty., 588 So. 2d 291 (Fla. 2d DCA 1991)