WALTER GALE STEINHORST, PETITIONER,
v.
HARRY K. SINGLETARY, ETC., RESPONDENT

Fla. | 1994-05-26
No. 82643
GRIMES, C.J., OVERTON, SHAW and HARDING, JJ., and McDONALD, Senior Justice, concur., KOGAN, J., concurs in result only.
638 So. 2d 33 Florida Supreme Court (1994) Caution
Cited by 22 cases

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Holding

The court held that the petitioner's claim of disproportionate sentencing was procedurally barred and factually distinguishable from precedent, thus denying the petition for a writ of habeas corpus.


Headnotes

[1] A claim for disparate sentencing based on a codefendant's sentence is procedurally barred if the claim was raised in a prior motion for post-conviction relief.

[2] Claims of newly discovered evidence must be brought under the applicable rule of criminal procedure, and sentences imposed years prior to the claim are not considered new…

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Facts & Procedural History

Walter Steinhorst, convicted of four counts of first-degree murder and sentenced to death, sought a writ of habeas corpus, arguing his sentence was di…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

Walter Steinhorst, a prisoner under a sentence of death, petitions this Court for a writ of habeas corpus. We have jurisdiction under article V, sections 3(b)(1) and (9) of the Florida Constitution.

Steinhorst, along with David Goodwin and Charlie Hughes, was indicted for the murders of four people who came upon them as they were unloading marijuana in an isolated area. Steinhorst was convicted of four counts of first-degree murder.

The jury recommended and the trial judge imposed sentences of death for three of the murder convictions and a sentence of life imprisonment on the remaining conviction.

On appeal, this Court affirmed the convictions and sentences. Steinhorst v. State, 412 So. 2d 332 (Fla.1982). An earlier petition for writ of habeas corpus was denied. Steinhorst v. Wainwright, 477 So. 2d 537 (Fla.1985). His motion for post-conviction relief was also denied. Steinhorst v. State, 574 So. 2d 1075 (Fla.1991). Goodwin was also originally sentenced to death, but his sentence was reduced to life imprisonment on appeal.1 Hughes was convicted of second-degree murder and sentenced to fifteen years in prison.

Steinhorst argues in this petition for habe-as corpus that his death sentence is disproportionate and a violation of his due process and equal protection rights when compared with the sentences of Goodwin and Hughes. Steinhorst contends that his sentence should be reduced pursuant to this Court’s decision in Scott v. Dugger, 604 So. 2d 465 (Fla.1992).2 We disagree.

At the outset, Steinhorst’s claim is procedurally barred. This is a successive claim because he made this argument in his earlier motion for postconviction relief.

Moreover, all newly discovered evidence claims should be brought under Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.850. Richardson v. State, 546 So. 2d 1037 (Fla.1989). Further, the sentences received by Goodwin and Hughes can hardly be characterized as newly discovered because they were imposed in 1981 and 1982.

Finally, our decision in Scott was not a jurisprudential upheaval having retroactive effect. Witt v. State, 387 So. 2d 922 (Fla.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1067, 101 S.Ct. 796, 66 L.Ed.2d 612 (1980). Even if there were no procedural bar, Steinhorst could not prevail. His case is distinguishable from Scott in two important respects.

First, Scott received relief on the basis of newly discovered evidence because Scott’s death sentence was affirmed before his codefendant was sentenced to life in prison.

In contrast, this Court affirmed Stein-horst’s death sentence after it had reduced Goodwin’s sentence to life imprisonment.

Therefore, Goodwin’s reduced sentence cannot be considered newly discovered evidence as was the codefendant’s sentence in Scott. Although Steinhorst’s death sentence was affirmed before Hughes was convicted, Hughes was only convicted of second-degree murder, not first-degree murder as was Steinhorst and as were both codefendants in Scott.

Therefore, Hughes’ sentence is not relevant to a claim of disparate sentencing.

Next, the codefendants in Scott were equally culpable participants.

The evidence presented at trial shows that the instant case does not involve equally culpable participants. Steinhorst shot and killed one person when the victims stumbled upon the smuggling operation. Steinhorst and Hughes then left the scene with one dead and three living persons. Witnesses testified that Ste-inhorst said he had taken care of the other victims.3 Unlike Steinhorst, Hughes testified on his own behalf at trial and said that Steinhorst was the one who actually shot the victims. Hughes was convicted of second-degree murder after giving this exculpatory testimony. This Court overturned Goodwin’s death sentence because he was not present at the time of the killings and the jury had recommended a life sentence. When eode-fendants are not equally culpable, the death sentence of the more culpable codefendant is not unequal justice when another codefend-ant receives a life sentence. See Garcia v. State, 492 So. 2d 360 (Fla.), cert. denied, 479 U.S. 1022, 107 S.Ct. 680, 93 L.Ed.2d 730 (1986).

To support his argument, Steinhorst relies on an affidavit executed by the judge who presided in the trials of Steinhorst and Goodwin. In his affidavit, the trial judge states that he believes both defendants were equally guilty of felony-murder and deserved the same punishment. It is his belief that because Goodwin’s sentence was reduced, Ste-inhorst’s sentence is now disproportionate. We cannot agree. In 1978, Steinhorst was sentenced to death on the basis of the evidence presented at trial and on the relative weight of the aggravating and mitigating factors.

On appeal, this Court agreed that the trial judge had performed his sentencing function correctly and affirmed the sentence. On the other hand, we disagreed with the death sentence which the trial judge had imposed on Goodwin and held that the evidence did not support such a sentence. We cannot now rely on an ex parte affidavit executed fifteen years after the trial to determine that the sentencing process was defective.

For the foregoing reasons, Steinhorst’s petition for writ of habeas corpus is denied.

It is so ordered.

GRIMES, C.J., OVERTON, SHAW and HARDING, JJ., and McDONALD, Senior Justice, concur. KOGAN, J., concurs in result only.

. Goodwin v. State, 405 So. 2d 170 (Fla.1981).

. In Scott, we held that where codefendants are equally culpable, a life sentence which is imposed on one of the codefendants after the death sentence of another codefendant is affirmed constitutes “newly discovered evidence” for the purpose of postconviction relief. Scott, 604 So. 2d at 469.

. See Steinhorst, 412 So. 2d at 335.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Thompson v. State, 759 So. 2d 650 (Fla. 2000)
    …ling to raise merit-less issues). We deny habeas claim 12 because claims of newly discovered evidence should be raised in a postconviction motion filed pursuant to rule 3.850 rather than in a petition for habeas corpus. See Steinhorst v. Singletary, 638 So. 2d 33, 34 (Fla.1994). Further, this claim would have been legally insufficient even if it had been filed under rule 3.850 because Thompson only makes a con-clusory statement that newly discovered evidence exists without making any specific allegation as t…
  • Gordon v. State, 704 So. 2d 107 (Fla. 1997)
    …ss culpable code-fendant receives a less severe punishment.”); Coleman v. State, 610 So. 2d 1283, 1287 (Fla.1992) (same); Hayes v. State, 581 So. 2d 121 [*118] (Fla.1991); Downs v. State, 572 So. 2d 895 (Fla.1990); see also Steinhorst v. Singletary, 638 So. 2d 33, 35 (Fla.1994)(“When eodefend-ants are not equally culpable, the death sentence of the more culpable codefendant is not unequal justice when another codefendant receives a life sentence.”). Since Mrs. Davidson and Gordon were not equally culpable, G…
  • Everett v. State, 54 So. 3d 464 (Fla. 2010)
    …e “claims of newly discovered evidence should be raised in a postconviction motion filed pursuant to rule 3.850 rather than in a petition for habeas corpus.” Thompson v. State, 759 So. 2d 650, 668 n. 13 (Fla.2000); see also Steinhorst v. Singletary, 638 So. 2d 33, 34 (Fla.1994). Moreover, Everett has failed to show how the deposition of Lieutenant Lindsey is newly discovered evidence, as the deposition is referenced in the record as far back as Everett’s pretrial proceedings. Specifically, at the pretrial s…

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