DONALD O. VANDYK, APPELLANT,
v.
SOUTHSIDE GUN, INC., N/K/A SOUTHSIDE GUN & PAWN OUTLET, INC., APPELLEE

Fla. 1st DCA | 1994-06-08
No. 93-1381
BARFIELD and LAWRENCE, JJ., concur.
638 So. 2d 138 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (1994) Caution
Cited by 6 cases

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Synopsis

Vandyk appealed a summary judgment granted to Southside Gun in a civil action arising from a shooting incident. The court reversed, holding that the trial court abused its discretion by granting summary judgment where the plaintiff had insufficient time to develop opposing evidence due to an expedited hearing schedule.


Holding

The court reversed the summary judgment, holding that the trial court abused its discretion in granting summary judgment under the circumstances. Although the defendant's failure to provide 20 days' notice was not cured by the plaintiff's lack of objection, the plaintiff had very little time to take discovery steps, and strict adherence to filing requirements was inappropriate where peculiar circumstances prevented the plaintiff from procuring necessary affidavits and depositions.


Headnotes

[1] A trial court abuses its discretion by granting summary judgment prematurely when a party is unable to present essential opposing facts due to short notice and peculiar c…

[2] A party's inability to procure affidavits or depositions in opposition to a summary judgment motion on short notice may warrant a continuance to preserve the right to a j…

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Key Quotes

“The rule authorizing the summary final disposition of cases by judgment or decree does not contemplate that the motion will be granted in those cases where because of peculiar circumstances a party is unable on short notice to interrogate witnesses and procure affidavits or depositions in opposition to the motion asserted by his opponent.”

Establishes the foundational principle that summary judgment should not be granted when a party lacks sufficient time to develop opposing evidence due to peculiar circumstances.

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Facts & Procedural History

Ronald Agee shot Vandyk outside a Jacksonville lounge, leaving him comatose and partially paralyzed with severe brain damage. A criminal prosecution a…

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Opinion of the Court
SMITH, Judge.

SMITH, Judge.

Vandyk has appealed a final summary judgment contending that it was entered prematurely and that the trial court should have granted his motion for continuance of the summary judgment hearing to enable him to secure an affidavit in opposition to the motion. We rendered an earlier opinion reversing the final summary judgment, and South-side Gun filed a motion for rehearing supplementing the record with a heretofore unavailable notice of hearing, in which it is stated that counsel for Vandyk did not object to a hearing on the motion for summary judgment in less than the 20 days prescribed in Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.510(c).

In our prior opinion, this court had sua sponte noted this perceived dereliction of Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.510(c) and commented upon it. Having now been apprised of these additional facts, we grant appellee’s motion to rehear the cause, withdraw our previous opinion and substitute this opinion.

However, because this perceived dereliction of Rule 1.510(c) was not the basis of our reversal, we adhere to our previous disposition and reverse. Ronald T. Agee was charged with the attempted second degree murder of Vandyk, whom he shot outside a Jacksonville lounge. Vandyk was rendered comatose as a result of the shooting and was unable to assist the prosecution. Because of this and the lack of other witnesses, the state entered a nolle prosequi. Later, Vandyk emerged from the coma, and other witnesses were located. The state refiled an information charging Agee with premeditated attempted first degree murder.

However, because Agee had earlier filed his written demand for speedy trial and the time had elapsed under the speedy trial rule, the trial court dismissed the charge.

This court affirmed. State v. Agee, 588 So. 2d 600 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991). This court’s decision was approved by the Florida Supreme Court on July 1, 1993. State v. Agee, 622 So. 2d 473 (Fla.1993).

In the meantime, Vandyk filed a civil suit against the lounge, its owner and operator, Agee, Southside Gun, and others. The claim against Southside Gun is premised on the allegations that Southside Gun sold a firearm to Agee when Southside Gun knew or should have known that Agee was a convicted felon. Vandyk alleged medical bills in excess of one million dollars, that he has remained partially paralyzed in the right arm and right side as the result of a stroke, has lost cognitive abilities, can barely speak, and has suffered severe brain damage.

Southside Gun moved for final summary judgment, and in support thereof, filed the deposition of its CEO, Wayne Miller. In his deposition, Miller testified that Southside Gun never sold a gun to a man named Agee; that every gun sale at Southside Gun required, as a matter of federal law, a form 4473 to be filled out by the buyer and no such form existed as to a purchase by Agee; that preparation of the 4473 is a requirement of law which Southside Gun took seriously because failure to complete the form results in serious legal consequences, and that there were no missing guns in Southside Gun’s inventory which were unaccounted for by the presence of a form 4473. The motion was served by mail on March 22, 1993, and filed March 23, 1993. The hearing was scheduled April 2, 1993.

In opposition to the motion, counsel for Vandyk prepared an affidavit in which he stated that he received a call from Agee after he filed the complaint and that Agee told him he bought the gun used to shoot Vandyk from Southside Gun. Counsel stated he had attempted to take the deposition of Agee to oppose the summary judgment motion, but Agee refused to give a deposition until the Florida Supreme Court resolved the state’s appeal. Counsel moved to continue the summary judgment hearing until such time as he could secure an affidavit from Agee. Inexplicably, rather than hand delivering this affidavit to counsel for Southside Gun, which would have made it timely,1 counsel served the affidavit by mail on March 31,1993, the same day it was filed.

After the hearing, a transcript of which is not in the record on appeal, the trial court issued its order granting summary judgment in favor of Southside Gun. Shortly thereafter, the trial court entered an amended order striking the affidavit of counsel for Vandyk due to untimeliness and denying the motion for continuance contained within the affidavit.

Although Southside Gun’s motion for summary judgment was not served 20 days before the time fixed for the summary judgment hearing as required by Rule 1.510(c), Florida Rules of Civil Procedure, we have been assured by counsel for Southside Gun that counsel for Vandyk did not object to the hearing of this motion in less than 20 days.

However, regardless of his consent, Vandyk had very little time to take discovery steps upon learning of the motion for summary judgment. See Stanley v. Beilis, 311 So. 2d 393 (Fla. 4th DCA 1975). Instead, Vandyk’s counsel prepared the affidavit already alluded to, which was filed before, but stricken after, entry of the summary judgment. This affidavit does set forth reasons why Vandyk was unable to present facts essential to justify his opposition to the motion.

Moreover, the affidavit presents the very real possibility that given additional time, counsel could garner additional evidentiary facts necessary to a resolution of the motion. As this court stated in Gaymon v. Quinn Menhaden Fisheñes of Texas, Inc., 108 So. 2d 641, 644 (Fla. 1st DCA 1959):

The rule authorizing the summary final disposition of cases by judgment or decree does not contemplate that the motion will be granted in those cases where because of peculiar circumstances a party is unable on short notice to interrogate witnesses and procure affidavits or depositions in opposition to the motion asserted by his opponent. Public policy requires that our courts be ever vigilant in making summary disposition of causes lest the application of the rule result in eroding or destroying the fundamental right of litigants under our system of jurisprudence to have the issues made by the pleadings tried by a jury of fellow citizens. The importance of preserving the jury system, and the concomitant right of a litigant to a jury trial on the merits of his cause, should be zealously protected.

While we appreciate the trial court’s insistence upon counsel’s compliance with the rules of procedure, a strict adherence to the filing requirements of Rule 1.510(c) does not appear appropriate under the circumstances. We conclude that the trial court’s granting of summary judgment was an abuse of discretion, and we therefore REVERSE.

BARFIELD and LAWRENCE, JJ., concur. . Rule 1.510(c), Florida Rules of Civil Procedure, governing motions for summary judgments, provides in pertinent part:

(c) Motion and proceedings thereon. The motion ... shall be served at least 20 days before the time fixed for the hearing. The adverse party may serve opposing affidavits by mailing the affidavits at least 5 days prior to the day of the hearing, or by delivering the affidavits to the movant’s attorney no later than 5:00 PM two business days prior to the day of the hearing.

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Citator

Cited By

  • COX v. CSX Intermodal, Inc., 732 So. 2d 1092 (Fla. 1st DCA 1999)
    …for summary judgment. See Jones v. Stoutenburgh, 91 So. 2d 299 (Fla.1956). Summary judgment should be granted cautiously, with full recognition of the right of a litigant to a jury trial on the merits of his cause. See Vandyk v. Southside Gun, Inc., 638 So. 2d 138, 140 (Fla. 1st DCA 1994); Gaymon v. Quinn Menhaden Fisheries of Texas, Inc., 108 So. 2d 641, 644 (Fla. 1st DCA 1959). Further, “[wjhere the determination of the issues of a lawsuit depends upon the construction of a written instrument and the legal…
  • Cole Taylor Bank v. Shannon, 772 So. 2d 546 (Fla. 1st DCA 2000)
    …outenburgh, 91 So. 2d 299 (Fla.1956). Finally, summary judgment should be granted cautiously, with full recognition of the right of a litigant to a jury trial on the merits of the case. See Cox, 732 So. 2d at 1096, and Vandyk v. Southside Gun, Inc., 638 So. 2d 138, 140 (Fla. 1st DCA 1994). On review, the appellate court must consider the evidence in a light most favorable to the nonmov-ing party and must draw all competing inferences in favor of the nonmoving party. See McCraney v. Barberi, 677 So. 2d 355 (Fl…
  • E & I, Inc. v. Excavators, Inc., 697 So. 2d 545 (Fla. 4th DCA 1997)
    …. 1st DCA 1988); Brock v. G.D. Searle & Co., 530 So. 2d 428 (Fla. 1st DCA 1988); Parker v. Lower Florida Keys Hosp. Dist., 432 So. 2d 169 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983). In each of these cases, however, there was an objection. In Vandyk v. Sowthside Gun, Inc., 638 So. 2d 138 (Fla. 1st DCA 1994), the first district reversed the granting of a motion for summary judgment, but noted that there was no objection to the insufficient notice raised in the trial court and specifically grounded its reversal on a reason other than…

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