MICHAEL WICKLAND, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 1st DCA | 1994-09-22
No. 93-721
WEBSTER and LAWRENCE, JJ., concur.
642 So. 2d 670 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (1994) Caution
Cited by 4 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

The court reversed a Baker Act involuntary placement order because the trial judge failed to comply with statutory requirements for such proceedings, specifically failing to serve notice on the state attorney and allowing the judge to elicit the state's evidence instead. The procedural violations implicated due process concerns and the lack of clear and convincing evidence.


Holding

The court's failure to comply with the statutory requirement to serve notice on the state attorney and allow the state attorney to represent the state was not harmless error. The procedural irregularities, combined with due process concerns and the failure to establish the statutory criteria by clear and convincing evidence, require reversal of the involuntary placement order.


Headnotes

[1] A trial court must comply with statutory requirements for involuntary placement orders, including serving notice on the state attorney when a hearing is not waived.

[2] Failure to serve notice on the state attorney and secure their appearance at a hearing for involuntary placement, as required by statute, is not harmless error.

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Key Quotes

“section 394.467(3)(a) directs that the "court shall serve notice on the state attorney ... who shall represent the state." There is no indication that such notice was served in the present case, and the state attorney did not appear at the hearing.”

Establishes the statutory requirement that was violated—the court must serve notice on and allow the state attorney to represent the state at Baker Act hearings.

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Facts & Procedural History

Michael Wickland was the subject of a petition for involuntary placement for mental health treatment under Florida's Baker Act. At the hearing, Wickla…

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Opinion of the Court
ALLEN, Judge.

ALLEN, Judge.

The appellant challenges a Baker Act order of involuntary placement for treatment pursuant to section 394.467, Florida Statutes. We reverse the order because the trial judge failed to comply with the requirements of the statute.

Section 394.467 identifies the criteria and procedure to be used in determining whether an individual may be involuntarily placed in a treatment facility. If the individual does not waive the right to a hearing when a petition is filed for such placement, section 394.-467(3)(a) directs that the “court shall serve notice on the state attorney ... who shall represent the state.” There is no indication that such notice was served in the present case, and the state attorney did not appear at the hearing. Instead, the judge elicited the state’s evidence. We have disapproved such noncompliance with the statutory procedure.' See Jones v. State, 611 So. 2d 577 (Fla. 1st DCA 1992); Jordan v. State, 597 So. 2d 352 (Fla. 1st DCA 1992).

The appellee contends that the court’s disregard of the statutory mandate may be deemed harmless, as in Jordan. However, such deviation from the statute was not harmless in Jones, where it impacted due process concerns. Furthermore, in the present ease the court was clearly on notice regarding its obligation to comply with the statute, as this court’s decisions in Jones (involving the same trial judge) and Jordan were issued before the present hearing.

At the commencement of the hearing the appellant requested a continuance in order to present the testimony of a psychiatrist who was not then available. The court denied this request, and proceeded to elicit the state’s evidence. As in Jones, the state’s psychiatrist testified in a loose narrative manner, "without clearly asserting personal knowledge as to all of the underlying facts. The testimony also encompassed some degree of generality and speculation, and the witness suggested that the appellant’s main obstacle in living outside a treatment facility was his refusal to take medication.

When the hearing was concluded the court entered the appealed order which refers to the testimony of the state’s psychiatrist and two other persons, but these two other persons did not testily at the hearing. And the order describes the factual basis of the ruling by quoting verbatim from the petition for involuntary placement.

As in Jones, in light of the procedural irregularity and due process concerns here involved, as well as the section 394.467(1) requirement that the necessary criteria be shown by clear and convincing evidence, the appealed order is reversed.

WEBSTER and LAWRENCE, JJ., concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Adams v. State, 713 So. 2d 1063 (Fla. 1st DCA 1998)
    …ALLEN, Judge. The appellant challenges a Baker Act order of involuntary placement for treatment pursuant to section 394.467, Florida Statutes. As in Wickland v. State, 642 So. 2d 670 (Fla. 1st DCA 1994), the order refers to a purported witness who did not testify, and describes the factual basis of the ruling by merely quoting from the petition for involuntary placement. Furthermore, while the court also made oral findings at th…
  • Joehnk v. State, 689 So. 2d 1179 (Fla. 1st DCA 1997)
    …ce by telling the court that appellant did not wish to be present. We determine 1) that appellant has a fundamental right to be present at the commitment proceeding, see Hockensmith v. State, 524 So. 2d 462 (Fla. 2d DCA 1988), and Wickland v. State, 642 So. 2d 670 (Fla. 1st DCA 1994); and 2) that while a defendant may waive his or her rights to be personally present and be constructively present through counsel, the court must certify through proper inquiry that the waiver is knowing, intelligent and voluntar…

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