AAA GOLD COAST MOVING AND STORAGE, INC., APPELLANT,
v.
HELEN W. WEISS AND FLORIDA UNEMPLOYMENT APPEALS COMMISSION, APPELLEES

Fla. 4th DCA | 1995-05-03
No. 93-3037
GUNTHER and WARNER, JJ., concur.
654 So. 2d 281 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (1995) Caution
Cited by 4 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

AAA Gold Coast Moving and Storage appealed an unemployment benefits decision, arguing that an employee's refusal to submit to random drug testing constituted misconduct warranting disqualification. The court affirmed the Unemployment Appeals Commission's decision that the employee was not disqualified because the drug testing policy was implemented after hire and there was no reasonable suspicion of drug use.


Holding

The court held that the employee was not disqualified from unemployment benefits because the refusal to submit to drug testing did not constitute misconduct. An employer has no right to expect an employee to submit to drug testing when no such policy existed at the time of hire, and absent reasonable suspicion of drug use, the refusal cannot be deemed a deliberate violation of employer expectations.


Headnotes

[1] An employee's refusal to submit to a drug test does not constitute misconduct disqualifying them from unemployment benefits if no drug-free workplace policy was in effect…

[2] An employer may require an employee to submit to a drug test in the absence of a preset policy if there is reasonable suspicion of drug use.

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Key Quotes

“the employer had no right to expect claimant to submit to drug testing, and such refusal to submit can not be considered a deliberate violation or disregard of the standards of behavior which the employer had the right to expect from his employee”

Establishes the core holding that misconduct requires violation of standards the employer had the right to expect at the time of hire.

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Facts & Procedural History

The claimant began working for the employer on October 17, 1991, when no drug-free workplace policy was in effect. On April 16, 1993, the employer ann…

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Opinion of the Court
HERSEY, Judge.

HERSEY, Judge.

Appellant appeals an order of the Unemployment Appeals Commission finding that appellee was not disqualified from receiving unemployment benefits. We affirm.

The claimant began working for the employer on October 17, 1991. At the time claimant was hired there was no drug-free workplace policy in effect. On April 16,1993, the employer informed all employees that it would be instituting random drug testing pursuant to a drug-free workplace policy. Claimant refused to submit to a drug test, and was subsequently terminated.

The appeals referee found that the claimant was not disqualified from receipt of benefits because claimant was discharged for reasons other than misconduct connected with work. The referee reasoned that the implementation of the employer’s drug-free work place policy was a substantial violation of the conditions of the claimant’s employment. The Unemployment Appeals Commission agreed, citing Swope v. Florida Indus. Comm’n, 159 So. 2d 653 (Fla. 3d DCA 1963), which held that an employee’s refusal to take a lie detector test did not constitute misconduct because the requirement that employees take lie detector tests was not in effect at the time the employee was hired.

According to section 443.101(l)(a), Florida Statutes (1993), an individual shall be disqualified for worker’s compensation benefits if he voluntarily leaves his work without good cause attributable to his employing unit or has been discharged by his employing unit for misconduct connected with his work. Section 443.036(26), Florida Statutes (1993), defines misconduct as follows:

MISCONDUCT. — “Misconduct” includes, but is not limited to, the following, which shall not be construed in pari materia with each other:
(a) Conduct evincing such willful or wanton disregard of an employer’s interests as is found in deliberate violation or disregard of standards of behavior which the employer has the right to expect of his employee; or (b) Carelessness or negligence of such a degree or recurrence as to manifest culpability, wrongful intent, or evil design or to show an intentional and substantial disregard of the employer’s interests or of the employee’s duties and obligations to his employer. Appellant argues that the more recent case of Fowler v. Unemployment Appeals Comm’n, 537 So. 2d 162 (Fla. 5th DCA 1989), should control this issue. According to Fowler, citing City of Palm Bay v. Bauman, 475 So. 2d 1322 (Fla. 5th DCA 1985), in the absence of a preset policy regarding drug testing, an employer may still require an employee to submit to a drug test if there is a “reasonable suspicion” that the employee is using illegal drugs, and failure to submit to a test, after being warned that failure to do so may result in dismissal, constitutes a deliberate disregard of the employer’s interests. We agree that the holding in Fowler is sound, but find no record evidence to support a finding that the employer in the instant case had a reasonable suspicion to believe claimant was using illegal drugs.

Based on the record before us, it appears that at the time claimant was hired the employer had no set drug policy in place. Thus, the employer had no right to expect claimant to submit to drug testing, and such refusal to submit can not be considered a deliberate violation or disregard of the standards of behavior which the employer had the right to expect from his employee. See § 443.036(26)(a), Fla.Stat. (1993). Further, in the absence of a reasonable suspicion of drug use there is no evidence to support a reversal because the failure to take the test can not be considered a willful and wanton disregard of the employer’s interests. See § 443.036(26)(a), Fla.Stat. (1993). Therefore, because the record as presented does not indicate misconduct on the part of claimant, we find no error in the decision of the Unemployment Appeals Commission.

AFFIRMED.

GUNTHER and WARNER, JJ., concur.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • Thomas v. United Parcel Serv., Inc., 864 So. 2d 567 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004)
    …d on his refusal to consent to a search of his personal belongings, Florida courts have addressed an employer’s enforcement of a workplace policy not in effect at the time of the employee’s hiring. See AAA Gold Coast Moving & Storage, Inc. v. Weiss, 654 So. 2d 281 (Fla. 4th DCA 1995); Vaughn v. Fla. Unemployment Appeals Comm’n, 482 So. 2d 593 (Fla. 4th DCA 1986); Swope v. Fla. Indus. Comm’n Unemployment Comp. Bd. of Review, 159 So. 2d 653 (Fla. 3d DCA 1963). When, at the time an employee was hired, the employ…
  • Victoire Laguerre v. Palm Beach Newspapers, Inc., 20 So. 3d 392 (Fla. 4th DCA 2009)
    …easonable suspicion to test an employee for drugs. She cites to cases involving denial of unemployment compensation benefits, specifically Thomas v. United Parcel Service, Inc., 864 So. 2d 567 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004), and AAA Gold Coast Moving & Storage, 654 So. 2d 281 (Fla. 4th DCA 1995). These cases are inapplicable in that they involve the issue of whether an employee committed misconduct sufficient to deny unemployment compensation when the employee refused to submit to a drug test or search, where the employe…

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