CLAYTON STRACHN, APPELLANT,
v.
THE STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 3d DCA | 1995-10-25
No. 94-1111
Before SCHWARTZ, C. J., and HUBBART and NESBITT, JJ.
661 So. 2d 1255 Florida District Court of Appeal, Third District (1995) Positive Treatment
Cited by 8 cases

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Holding

The court held that the evidence was insufficient to support a conviction for possession of burglary tools, but sufficient for attempted burglary and unlawful possession of cocaine.


Headnotes

[1] A conviction for possession of burglary tools requires evidence that the defendant used the item as a burglary tool, not merely that they possessed it.

[2] The complainant's non-consent to entry is not an essential element of the offense of burglary; rather, consent is an affirmative defense.

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Facts & Procedural History

Defendant was found on motel premises at night, attempting to open a sliding glass door with an unlit flashlight, and gave conflicting statements to p…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

This is an appeal by the defendant Clayton Straehn from judgments of conviction and sentences for attempted burglary [§§ 777.04(1), 810.02(1), Fla.Stat. (1993)] possession of burglary tools [§ 810.06, Fla. Stat. (1993) ], and unlawful possession of cocaine [§ 893.13(l)(a)(l), Fla.Stat. (1993) ]. We affirm in part and reverse in part.

First, we agree, in part, with the defendant that the trial court committed reversible error in denying the defendant’s motion for judgment of acquittal on the attempted burglary and possession of burglary tools charges. Resolving all conflicts in the evidence and all reasonable inferences therefrom in favor of the state, it is clear that the state did not present a prima facie ease of guilt as to the possession of burglary tools charge, although it did present a prima facie case of guilt as to the attempted burglary charge. See Lynch v. State, 293 So. 2d 44, 45 (Fla.1974).

The state’s evidence, viewed in the required light on a motion for judgment of acquittal, established that (1) the defendant was seen by police officers in the middle of the night, walking on the premises of a Howard Johnson Motel in Key West, Florida, looking up and down the sliding glass doors of various rooms, carrying a flashlight; (2) the defendant approached and tried to open the sliding glass door of room 129, but was unsuccessful as the door did not open; (3) the police then "approached the defendant and noticed that the flashlight which the defendant was holding was unlit; (4) the defendant then falsely stated to the police that he had been asked by his brother, who was a police officer, to check on the Howard Johnson to see if everything was all right — a story which he later changed at the police station to the effect that he was, in fact, at the motel to purchase cocaine.

As to the possession of burglary tools charge, there is utterly no evidence that the defendant ever used the flashlight he was holding as a burglary tool as charged in the information; the defendant was never observed by the police shining the flashlight into any of the motel rooms, including the room he attempted burglarize, as, indeed, the flashlight was unlit when the police stopped the defendant. Accordingly, the evidence was plainly insufficient to establish a prima facie case of guilt on this offense; the trial court erred in denying the defendant’s motion for judgment of acquittal on this charge. See Thomas v. State, 531 So. 2d 708, 709 (Fla.1988); Hierro v. State, 608 So. 2d 912, 915 (Fla. 3d DCA 1992); Broughton v. State, 528 So. 2d 1241, 1243 (Fla. 1st DCA 1988).

As to the attempted burglary charge, however, evidence was adduced below that the defendant unsuccessfully attempted to enter one of the Howard Johnson motel rooms late one night, and that after his arrest he belatedly admitted to the police that he was on the motel premises to purchase some cocaine. This evidence was clearly sufficient to establish that the defendant attempted to enter the motel room in question with an intent to commit an offense therein; the trial court committed no error in denying the defendant’s motion for judgment of acquittal on this charge. It is true, as urged, that there was no evidence adduced at trial that the defendant did not have Howard Johnson’s consent to be on the premises or to enter the subject motel room; this is of no significance, however, as it is settled that the complainant’s non-consent to the charged entry is not an essential element of the offense of burglary. To the contrary, consent to the subject entry is an affirmative defense to burglary, and no evidence was ever adduced below that the defendant had Howard Johnson’s consent to be on the motel premises or to enter the motel room in question. State v. Hicks, 421 So. 2d 510 (Fla.1982).

Second, we reject the defendant’s argument that the trial court committed reversible error in denying the defendant’s motion for judgment of acquittal on the unlawful possession of cocaine charge. Clearly, the state presented a prima facie case of guilt as to this charge when viewing the evidence in a light most favorable to the state, as it was shown that a quantity of cocaine was seized by police from a ear which the defendant was in possession of at the time of his arrest. See Fedor v. State, 483 So. 2d 42 (Fla. 2d DCA), rev. denied, 492 So. 2d 1331 (Fla.1986); Wale v. State, 397 So. 2d 738 (Fla. 4th DCA 1981); cf. Hively v. State, 336 So. 2d 127 (Fla. 4th DCA 1976).

The judgment of conviction and sentence for attempted possession of burglary tools is reversed, and the cause is remanded to the trial court with directions to discharge the defendant from this conviction; the judgments of conviction and sentences for attempted burglary and unlawful possession of cocaine, however, are affirmed in all respects.

Affirmed in part; reversed in part and remanded.


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Citator

Cited By

  • D.R. v. State, 734 So. 2d 455 (Fla. 1st DCA 1999)
    …remain in the trailer was effectively withdrawn. As lack of consent to entry is not a threshold element of burglary of a dwelling, the State was not required to allege and prove it. State v. Hicks, 421 So. 2d 510, 511 (Fla.1982); Strachn v. State, 661 So. 2d 1255 (Fla. 3d DCA 1995). In subsection (1) of the burglary statute, the term “unless” qualifies the primary sentence and separates the consent provision from the enacting clause. Consent to enter is an affirmative defense to burglary. Hicks, 421 So. 2d a…
  • Latimore v. State, 753 So. 2d 690 (Fla. 4th DCA 2000)
    …rglaries with his hands covered with socks and holding a screwdriver. The defendant’s overt acts were sufficient to manifest an intent to use the common tool, a screwdriver, as a burglary tool and thus violate the statute. See id. Strachn v. State, 661 So. 2d 1255 (Fla. 3d DCA 1995), is factually similar to the instant case. Applying Thomas, the court determined that the state had not presented a prima facie case of guilt as to the possession of burglary tools where witnesses had observed Strachn pry open a s…
  • Griffin v. State, 676 So. 2d 1064 (Fla. 3d DCA 1996)
    …PER CURIAM. Affirmed. Strachn v. State, 661 So. 2d 1255 (Fla. 3d DCA 1995); Erickson v. State, 565 So. 2d 328 (Fla. 4th DCA 1990), review denied, 576 So. 2d 286 (Fla.1991); Jones v. State, 360 So. 2d 1293 (Fla. 3d DCA 1978). See R.L.L. v. State, 466 So. 2d 1230 (Fla. 2d DCA 1985); compare Robinson v. Sta…

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