CHARLES BURDO, APPELLANT,
v.
THE STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 3d DCA | 1996-01-31
No. 94-2553
Before GERSTEN, GODERICH and GREEN, JJ.
667 So. 2d 874 Florida District Court of Appeal, Third District (1996) Positive Treatment
Cited by 10 cases

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Holding

The court held that a condition prohibiting association with persons engaged in criminal activities is a general condition, but a condition prohibiting excessive intoxicant use and a condition requiring an hourly log are special conditions that must be orally pronounced.


Headnotes

[1] A condition of probation that prohibits associating with persons engaged in criminal activities is a general condition that need not be orally pronounced.

[2] A condition of probation prohibiting the use of intoxicants to excess is a special condition that must be orally pronounced.

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Facts & Procedural History

The defendant appealed orders of community control and probation, challenging two specific conditions that were not orally pronounced at the sentencin…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

The defendant, Charles Burdo, appeals from his orders of community control and probation. We affirm, in part, and reverse, in part.

The defendant challenges the following two conditions contained in the orders of community control and probation: “(6) You will not use intoxicants to excess; nor -will you visit places where intoxicants, drugs, or other dangerous substances are unlawfully sold, dispensed or used,” and “(13) You will maintain an hourly accounting on a daily log which you will submit to your Community Control Officer upon request.” The defendant contends that these are “special conditions,” and therefore, since the trial court improperly failed to orally pronounce them at the sentencing hearing, they must be stricken. We agree, in part.

In Hart v. State, 651 So. 2d 112, 113 (Fla. 2d DCA), review granted, 659 So. 2d 1089 (Fla.1995), the Second District held that “the only ‘general conditions’ are those contained within the statutes.” The Hart court further explained that although the trial courts have apparently mistakenly assumed that “general conditions” include all those contained in the approved probation order in rule 3.986, Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure, it has repeatedly held that those, not contained in the statutes, are still considered “special conditions” that must be orally pronounced. Hart, 651 So. 2d at 113. Like the Fourth and Fifth Districts, we adopt the Hart court’s rationale, while we await the Supreme Court’s answer to the question of great public importance that was certified in Hart:

DOES THE SUPREME COURT’S PROMULGATION OF THE FORM “ORDER OF PROBATION” IN FLORIDA RULE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE 3.986 CONSTITUTE SUFFICIENT NOTICE TO PROBATIONERS OF CONDITIONS 1-11 SUCH THAT ORAL PRONOUNCEMENT OF THESE CONDITIONS BY THE TRIAL COURT IS UNNECESSARY?

Hart, 651 So. 2d at 113. See also, Vasquez v. State, 663 So. 2d 1343 (Fla. 4th DCA 1995); McClendon v. State, 659 So. 2d 718, 720 (Fla. 5th DCA 1995).

That portion of Condition (6) that prohibits the defendant from visiting places where certain substances are unlawfully sold, dispensed, or used “is valid as a more precise defining of conduct prohibited under section 948.03(1)(i), Florida Statutes (1991), which states as an accepted condition of probation that an offender may ‘not associate with persons engaged in criminal activities.’ ” Tomlinson v. State, 645 So. 2d 1 (Fla. 2d DCA 1994). Because this is a general condition that is valid, it need not have been pronounced in open court. Tomlinson v. State, 645 So. 2d at 1. However, the remaining portion of the condition prohibiting the defendant from using intoxicants to excess is a special condition that is invalid if not announced in open court. Tomlinson v. State, 645 So. 2d at 1-2. With regard to Condition (13) that the defendant must maintain an hourly accounting of all activities on a daily log, this is a special condition that must also be orally announced in open court. Curry v. State, 656 So. 2d 521, 522 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995); Vinyard v. State, 586 So. 2d 1301, 1303 (Fla. 2d DCA 1991).

In the instant case, it is evident from the sentencing transcript that the trial court failed to orally pronounce the two special conditions in question. Therefore, as to Condition (6), we affirm that portion of the condition that prohibits the defendant from visiting places where certain substances are unlawfully sold, dispensed, or used. As to that portion of Condition (6), that prohibits the defendant from using intoxicants to excess and as to Condition (13), we reverse and remand for further proceedings consistent with Justice v. State, 658 So. 2d 1028 (Fla. 5th DCA), review granted, 666 So. 2d 143 (Fla.1995).

On remand, we adopt the rationale of Justice and “permit the trial court, if it so desires, to conduct a new sentencing hearing so that it may properly announce and impose any conditions that it feels appropriate.” Justice, 658 So. 2d at 1030. Because we have adopted the rationale of Justice, we find ourselves in conflict with the First, Second, and Fourth Districts, that have consistently held that a written order containing unannounced conditions of probation must be amended to conform to the oral pronouncement of judgment and sentence by striking the unannounced conditions. Therefore, we certify the same question that was certified in Justice:

WHERE A SENTENCE IS REVERSED BECAUSE THE TRIAL COURT FAILED TO ORALLY PRONOUNCE CERTAIN SPECIAL CONDITIONS OF PROBATION WHICH LATER APPEARED IN THE WRITTEN SENTENCE, MUST THE COURT SIMPLY STRIKE THE UNANNOUNCED CONDITIONS, OR MAY THE COURT ELECT TO “REIMPOSE” THOSE CONDITIONS AT RESENTENCING?

Justice v. State, 658 So. 2d at 1034; contra, Vasquez v. State, 663 So. 2d 1343 (Fla. 4th DCA 1995); Bartlett v. State, 638 So. 2d 631 (Fla. 4th DCA 1994); Turchario v. State, 616 So. 2d 539 (Fla. 2d DCA 1993); Christobal v. State, 598 So. 2d 325 (Fla. 1st DCA 1992).

Lastly, we strike the imposition of prosecution and investigative costs as a special condition of probation where the State failed to provide written documentation supporting those costs, where the trial court failed to recite the statutory authority for the imposition of those costs, and where the trial court failed to inquire into the defendant’s ability to pay. § 939.01, Fla.Stat. (1993); Reyes v. State, 655 So. 2d 111 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995); Sutton v. State, 635 So. 2d 1032 (Fla. 2d DCA 1994); Blanco-Diaz v. State, 618 So. 2d 370 (Fla. 3d DCA 1993). On remand, this reversal is without prejudice to the reimposition of the costs orally pronounced by the trial court upon compliance with the proper procedures. Reyes v. State, 655 So. 2d at 114; Blanco-Diaz v. State, 618 So. 2d at 371.

Affirmed, in part; reversed and remanded, in part; and conflict certified.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Pazo v. State, 684 So. 2d 898 (Fla. 5th DCA 1996)
    …tain a request by the state that investigative costs be imposed, nor any documentation supporting the imposition of such costs. In the absence of such documentation, the trial court lacked the authority to impose investigative costs. Burdo v. State, 667 So. 2d 874 (Fla. 3d DCA 1996), quashed on other grounds, 682 So. 2d 557 (Fla.1996). We note that a contemporaneous objection was not required because the trial court lacked the authority to impose these costs. See Golden v. State, 667 So. 2d 933 (Fla. 2d DCA 1…
  • Burdo v. State, 682 So. 2d 557 (Fla. 1996)
    …PER CURIAM. We have for review Burdo v. State, 667 So. 2d 874 (Fla. 3d DCA 1996). We accepted jurisdiction to answer the following question certified to be of great public importance: WHERE A SENTENCE IS REVERSED BECAUSE THE TRIAL COURT FAILED TO ORALLY PRONOUNCE CERTAIN SPECIAL CONDITIONS OF PROBATION WHICH…
  • Roldan v. State, 676 So. 2d 1029 (Fla. 3d DCA 1996)
    …d, “No objection, Your Honor.” Prosecution and investigation costs are to be imposed subsequent to a trial court’s consideration of a defendant’s financial resources and needs. Beckford v. State, 667 So. 2d 1007 (Fla. 3d DCA 1996); Burdo v. State, 667 So. 2d 874 (Fla. 3d DCA 1996); Blanco-Diaz v. State, 618 So. 2d 370 (Fla. 3d DCA 1993). § 939.01(5), Fla. Stat. (1995). See also Sutton v. State, 635 So. 2d 1032 (Fla. 2d DCA 1994); Tennie v. State, 593 So. 2d 1199 (Fla. 2d DCA 1992). Furthermore, this court h…

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