RICHARD MCNEILL, APPELLANT,
v.
PINELLAS COUNTY SCHOOL BOARD, APPELLEE

Fla. 2d DCA | 1996-08-16
No. 95-04333
PARKER, A.C.J., and LAZZARA, J., concur.
678 So. 2d 476 Florida District Court of Appeal, Second District (1996) Caution
Cited by 9 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

Richard McNeill appeals his termination by the Pinellas County School Board for immoral conduct. The court reversed the School Board's dismissal, finding insufficient evidence that McNeill's conduct impaired his effectiveness in the community—a required element of the immoral conduct offense—despite finding his conduct fell within the definition of immorality.


Holding

The court reversed the School Board's dismissal because the evidence was insufficient to prove the second essential element of immoral conduct—that the conduct impaired the teacher's effectiveness in the community. The hearing officer's findings that McNeill's effectiveness had not been diminished were supported by substantial competent evidence, and the School Board improperly rejected those findings without alleging an absence of competent evidence or procedural defects.


Headnotes

[1] Dismissal of a teacher for immoral conduct requires proof that the conduct was inconsistent with public morals and sufficiently notorious to disgrace the profession and i…

[2] A school board bears the burden of proving, by a preponderance of the evidence, each element of a charged offense that may warrant dismissal.

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Key Quotes

“Immorality is defined as conduct that is inconsistent with the standards of public conscience and good morals. It is conduct sufficiently notorious to bring the [teacher] concerned or the education profession into public disgrace or disrespect and impair the individual's service in the community.”

The regulatory definition of immoral conduct requiring both notorious conduct AND impaired effectiveness as separate elements.

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Facts & Procedural History

McNeill was suspended following his arrest for criminal battery after allegedly touching an undercover law enforcement officer in a sexually suggestiv…

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Opinion of the Court
QUINCE, Judge.

QUINCE, Judge.

Richard McNeill appeals a final order entered by the Pinellas County School Board (the School Board) terminating his employment contract for immoral conduct proscribed by Florida Administrative Code Rule 6B-4.009(2). We have jurisdiction pursuant to section 120.68(2), Florida Statutes (1995). We reverse because there is substantial competent evidence in the record to support the hearing officer’s findings that McNeill’s conduct did not impair his effectiveness in the community or the school system.

McNeill was suspended following his arrest for criminal battery when he allegedly touched an undercover law enforcement officer in a sexually suggestive manner.1 Following his suspension, an administrative hearing was held pursuant to section 120.57(1), Florida Statutes (1995), to determine whether his conduct formed sufficient grounds for dismissal. Hearing Officer Arnold Pollock (Pollock) made the necessary findings of fact and recommended that McNeill be reinstated without back pay and benefits lost during his suspension. Subsequently, the School Board declared McNeill guilty of immoral conduct, rejected Pollock’s recommended penalty and terminated McNeill’s employment contract. On appeal, McNeill alleges the School Board erred by rejecting Pollock’s recommended penalty because the evidence was insufficient to prove an essential element of the offense, that is, that McNeill’s conduct impaired his effectiveness within the community.

The School Board bears the burden of proving, by a preponderance of the evidence, each element of the charged offense which may warrant dismissal. Dileo v. School Bd. of Dade County, 569 So. 2d 883 (Fla. 3d DCA 1990). Florida Administrative Code Rule 6B-4.009(2) (1995) provides:

Immorality is defined as conduct that is inconsistent with the standards of public conscience and good morals. It is conduct sufficiently notorious to bring the [teacher] concerned or the education profession into public disgrace or disrespect and impair the individual’s service in the community.

(emphasis added). Thus, in order to dismiss a teacher for immoral conduct the factfinder must conclude: a) that the teacher engaged in conduct inconsistent with the standards of public conscience and good morals, and b) that the conduct was sufficiently notorious so as to disgrace the teaching profession and impair the teacher’s service in the community. See McKinney v. Castor, 667 So. 2d 387 (Fla. 1st DCA 1995) (hearing officer found that principal’s acts of soliciting prescription drugs from employees on two separate occasions constituted gross immoral conduct warranting dismissal, district court reversed finding proof of impaired effectiveness insufficient); Sherburne v. School Bd. of Suwannee County, 455 So. 2d 1057 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984). We find that the School Board failed to meet its burden of proof with respect to impaired effectiveness, the second element of the offense.

Pollock found that McNeill did in fact touch the undercover officer in a sexually suggestive manner, and therefore found the evidence sufficient to prove the first element of the offense; however, his analysis did not stop there. While Pollock concluded that McNeill’s conduct “reasonably fall[s] within the definition of immorality,” he also noted a lack of evidence in support of impaired effectiveness. Rather than hostility and condemnation from community members, Pollock noted an “outpouring of affection and support ... from past and present students, their parents, [McNeill’s] coworkers, friends and associates... who lauded his performance as a parent, citizen and teacher.” Twenty-five students, parents, friends, eoworkers, and former supervisors testified in support of McNeill. Another twenty-five citizens submitted letters on his behalf, all expressing their belief that he can continue to effectively perform his duties.

As for evidence in support of McNeill’s dismissal, Pollock noted that testimony offered by school officials to establish impaired effectiveness was unsupported by “specific information from students, parents, or eo-workers .... ” Two citizens testified as to why McNeill should be dismissed; however, both were unable to provide specific information regarding the actual impact of McNeill’s conduct on Pinellas County students.

Ultimately, Pollock found the School Board’s evidence insufficient to prove that McNeill’s actions had any significant impact on the school or the school’s reputation. Moreover, Pollock’s emphasis on support from McNeill’s students, colleagues and community is consistent with a finding of unimpaired effectiveness.

The School Board argues that Pollock’s statement that “McNeill’s conduct can and does reasonably fall within the definition of immorality” was an affirmative finding of immoral conduct without proof of impaired effectiveness. While we recognize that this abbreviated analysis of the offense has been applied by the Fifth District Court of Appeal in Summers v. School Bd. of Marion County, 666 So. 2d 175 (Fla. 5th DCA 1995), we adopt the two part analysis set forth above. The administrative code’s definition of immorality calls for this approach and we believe it will give full effect to the intent and purpose of Rule 6B-4.009(2), to. protect the educational interests of students, parents and the public while promoting high moral standards among education professionals and assuring professional accountability. See Fla.Admin.Code R. 6B-1.001 and 6B-1.006 (1995). Having applied this analysis to facts of this case, we find the evidence insufficient to prove guilt.

Administrative hearing officers have the discretion to assess witness credibility. Roberts v. Castor, 629 So. 2d 311 (Fla. 1st DCA 1993). Pollock’s recommended order indicates McNeill’s effectiveness as a teacher in Pinellas County Schools has not been diminished. This finding is supported by competent substantial evidence. Where competent substantial evidence exists in support of a hearing officer’s findings of fact, a School Board may not reject or modify the officer’s findings unless it determines that the administrative hearing did not comply with essential requirements of law. § 120.57(l)(b)(10), Fla.Stat. (1995). See also Goss v. District School Bd. of St. Johns County, 601 So. 2d 1232 (Fla. 5th DCA 1992). The School Board’s final order does not allege an absence of competent evidence in support of Pollock’s findings, nor does it allege that the hearing failed to comport with essential requirements of law. Nevertheless, the School Board’s final order declares McNeill guilty of immorality, essentially rejecting Pollock’s findings.

When School Board action, such as McNeill’s dismissal, depends on findings of fact unsupported by competent substantial evidence the appellate court may set the action aside. § 120.68(10), Fla.Stat. (1995). Accordingly, we set aside the School Board’s final order of dismissal and remand the case for McNeill’s reinstatement.

PARKER, A.C.J., and LAZZARA, J., concur. . McNeill was acquitted at trial because the jury found the touching was consensual.


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Cited By

  • Barrett Purvis v. Marion Cnty. Sch. Bd., 766 So. 2d 492 (Fla. 5th DCA 2000)
    …rious as to impair his effectiveness in the school system” means. Two decisions of other courts suggest that this is always a factual issue, on which evidence must be presented and a factual finding made. See McNeill v. Pinellas County School Board, 678 So. 2d 476 (Fla. 2d DCA 1996); MacMillan v. Nassau County School Board, 629 So. 2d 226 (Fla. 1st DCA 1993). In McNeill, which involved a charge of immorality, rather than misconduct in office, a teacher had been suspended following his arrest for criminal bat…
  • Cydney Abrams v. Seminole Cnty. Sch. Bd., 73 So. 3d 285 (Fla. 5th DCA 2011)
    …, Dep’t of Health & Rehabilitative Servs., 744 So. 2d 1040, 1041-42 (Fla. 2d DCA 1999). She relies on several cases in which the courts refer to the issue of a teacher’s impaired effectiveness as an issue of fact. McNeill v. Pinellas Cnty. Sch. Bd., 678 So. 2d 476, 477 (Fla. 2d DCA 1996) (“We reverse because there is substantial competent evidence in the record to support the hearing officer’s findings that McNeill’s conduct did not impair his effectiveness in the community or the school system.”); McKinney v…
  • Walker v. Highlands Cnty. Sch. Bd., 752 So. 2d 127 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000)
    …t. The one thing that the students remembered was that appellant was willing to hold contraband for them. Appellant admitted joking with the students about holding items for them. Appellant argues that under McNeill v. Pinellas County School Board, 678 So. 2d 476 (Fla. 2d DCA 1996), the superintendent was required to present proof not only of appellant’s misconduct in office, but was also required to present proof of appellant’s resulting ineffectiveness in the school system. He maintains that although the r…

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